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2019 AMC 10B Problems

2019 AMC 10B (Answer Key)
Printable version: | AoPS Resources (http://www.arto
fproblemsolving.com/Forum/resources.php?c=182&
cid=43&year=2019) • PDF (http://www.artofproblem
solving.com/Forum/resources/files/usa/USA-AMC_
10-2019-43)

Instructions

1. This is a 25-question, multiple choice test.

Each question is followed by answers
marked A, B, C, D and E. Only one of these is
correct.
2. You will receive 6 points for each correct
answer, 2.5 points for each problem left
unanswered if the year is before 2006, 1.5
points for each problem left unanswered if
the year is after 2006, and 0 points for each
incorrect answer.
3. No aids are permitted other than scratch
paper, graph paper, ruler, compass, protractor
and erasers (and calculators that are
accepted for use on the SAT if before 2006.
No problems on the test will require the use
of a calculator).
4. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.
5. You will have 75 minutes working time to
complete the test.

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15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25

Contents
1 Problem 1
2 Problem 2
3 Problem 3
 4 Problem 4
5 Problem 5
6 Problem 6
7 Problem 7
8 Problem 8
9 Problem 9
10 Problem 10
11 Problem 11
12 Problem 12
13 Problem 13
14 Problem 14
15 Problem 15
16 Problem 16
17 Problem 17
18 Problem 18
19 Problem 19
20 Problem 20
21 Problem 21
22 Problem 22
23 Problem 23
24 Problem 24
25 Problem 25
26 See also

Problem 1
Alicia had two containers. The first was full of water and the second was empty. She poured all the water from
the first container into the second container, at which point the second container was full of water. What is the
ratio of the volume of the first container to the volume of the second container?

Solution

Problem 2
Consider the statement, "If is not prime, then is prime." Which of the following values of is a
counterexample to this statement?

Solution

Problem 3
In a high school with students, of the seniors play a musical instrument, while of the non-
seniors do not play a musical instrument. In all, of the students do not play a musical instrument. How
many non-seniors play a musical instrument?

Solution
Problem 4
All lines with equation such that form an arithmetic progression pass through a
common point. What are the coordinates of that point?

Solution

Problem 5
Triangle lies in the first quadrant. Points , , and are reflected across the line to points
, , and , respectively. Assume that none of the vertices of the triangle lie on the line . Which of
the following statements is not always true?

Triangle lies in the first quadrant.

Triangles and have the same area.

The slope of line is .

The slopes of lines and are the same.

Lines and are perpendicular to each other.

Solution

Problem 6
There is a real such that . What is the sum of the digits of ?

Solution

Problem 7
Each piece of candy in a store costs a whole number of cents. Casper has exactly enough money to buy either
pieces of red candy, pieces of green candy, pieces of blue candy, or pieces of purple candy. A
piece of purple candy costs cents. What is the smallest possible value of ?

Solution

Problem 8
The figure below shows a square and four equilateral triangles, with each triangle having a side lying on a side of
the square, such that each triangle has side length and the third vertices of the triangles meet at the center of
the square. The region inside the square but outside the triangles is shaded. What is the area of the shaded
region?
Solution

Problem 9
The function is defined by

for all real numbers , where denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to the real number . What is
the range of ?

Solution

Problem 10
In a given plane, points and are units apart. How many points are there in the plane such that the
perimeter of is units and the area of is square units?

Solution

Problem 11
Two jars each contain the same number of marbles, and every marble is either blue or green. In Jar the ratio of
blue to green marbles is , and the ratio of blue to green marbles in Jar is . There are green
marbles in all. How many more blue marbles are in Jar than in Jar ?
Solution

Problem 12
What is the greatest possible sum of the digits in the base-seven representation of a positive integer less than
?

Solution

Problem 13
What is the sum of all real numbers for which the median of the numbers and is equal to the
mean of those five numbers?

Solution

Problem 14
The base-ten representation for is , where , , and denote
digits that are not given. What is ?

Solution

Problem 15
Right triangles and have areas 1 and 2, respectively. A side of is congruent to a side of , and a
different side of is congruent to a different side of . What is the square of the product of the other (third)
sides of and ?

Solution

Problem 16
In with a right angle at point lies in the interior of and point lies in the interior of
so that and the ratio What is the ratio

Solution

Problem 17
A red ball and a green ball are randomly and independently tossed into bins numbered with positive integers so
that for each ball, the probability that it is tossed into bin is for What is the
probability that the red ball is tossed into a higher-numbered bin than the green ball?
Solution

Problem 18
Henry decides one morning to do a workout, and he walks of the way from his home to his gym. The gym is
kilometers away from Henry's home. At that point, he changes his mind and walks of the way from where he is
back toward home. When he reaches that point, he changes his mind again and walks of the distance from
there back toward the gym. If Henry keeps changing his mind when he has walked of the distance toward
either the gym or home from the point where he last changed his mind, he will get very close to walking back
and forth between a point kilometers from home and a point kilometers from home. What is ?

Solution

Problem 19
Let be the set of all positive integer divisors of How many numbers are the product of two
distinct elements of

Solution

Problem 20
As shown in the figure, line segment is trisected by points and so that

Three semicircles of radius and have their

diameters on and are tangent to line at and respectively. A circle of radius has its
center on The area of the region inside the circle but outside the three semicircles, shaded in the figure, can
be expressed in the form

where and are positive integers and and are relatively prime. What is ?
Solution

Problem 21
Debra flips a fair coin repeatedly, keeping track of how many heads and how many tails she has seen in total,
until she gets either two heads in a row or two tails in a row, at which point she stops flipping. What is the
probability that she gets two heads in a row but she sees a second tail before she sees a second head?

Solution

Problem 22
Raashan, Sylvia, and Ted play the following game. Each starts with . A bell rings every seconds, at which
time each of the players who currently have money simultaneously chooses one of the other two players
independently and at random and gives to that player. What is the probability that after the bell has rung
times, each player will have ? (For example, Raashan and Ted may each decide to give to Sylvia,
and Sylvia may decide to give her her dollar to Ted, at which point Raashan will have , Sylvia will have , and
Ted will have , and that is the end of the first round of play. In the second round Rashaan has no money to
give, but Sylvia and Ted might choose each other to give their to, and the holdings will be the same at the
end of the second round.)

Solution

Problem 23
Points and lie on circle in the plane. Suppose that the tangent lines to at and
intersect at a point on the -axis. What is the area of ?

Solution

Problem 24
Define a sequence recursively by and

for all nonnegative integers Let be the least positive integer such that

In which of the following intervals does lie?

Solution
Problem 25
How many sequences of s and s of length are there that begin with a , end with a , contain no two
consecutive s, and contain no three consecutive s?

Solution

See also
2019 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources (http://www.artofproblemsolvin
g.com/Forum/resources.php?c=182&cid=43&year=2019))

Preceded by Followed by
2019 AMC 10A Problems 2020 AMC 10A Problems

1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 •
23 • 24 • 25

All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America (http://www.maa.org)'s

American Mathematics Competitions (http://amc.maa.org).

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