HISTORY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

SOLUTION : PRACTICE ACTIVITY SHEET 3

Q. 1. (A)

(1) In the 12th Century CE, Kalhana wrote a book “Rajtarangini” about the history of
Kashmir.

(2) Saint Namdev is supposed to be the first Keertankar of Maharashtra.

(3) The ancient events of Olympic Competitions used to be held at Greece.

Q. 1. (B) Wrong pairs :

(1) Subaltern Historiography – Ramchandra Guha
(2) Ancient sites – Intangible Cultural Heritage
(3) Digdarshan – Narendra Sharma

Q. 2. (A)

(1)
Voltaire

Notable Scholars Georg Wilhelm

René Descartes
in Europe Friedrich Hegel

Leopold von Ranké

(2)
Mudiyett : A ritual
Chhau dance
theatre

Jharkhand and Indian

Kerala
Odisha traditions
included in World
Intangible
Manipur Punjab
Heritage list

Sankirtana
Traditional craft of
tradition making copper and
brass utensils by
Thatera Tribe

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 (3) Development of Marathi Theatre

Seeta Swayamvar was the first play presented by Vishnudas Bhave in 1843.

Historical, mythological and farcical plays were staged.

In 1861, V. J. Kirtane wrote his first play ‘Thorale Madhavrao Peshwe’

which had a complete written script.

Many musical plays came on stage.

Marathi stage enriched with different types of historical and social plays.

Q. 2. (B)
(1) (1) English education started in India in the nineteenth century. The Indian historians
who were trained in British education system realised the glory of their past. They
showed an inclination to restore the pride in the ancient glory of India and the self-
esteem of the Indian readers by laying the foundation of ‘Nationalistic writing’.
(2) Nationalistic writings in Maharashtra were inspired by ‘Vishnushastri Chiplunkar’. He
criticised the British officers for writing prejudiced history of ancient India.
(3) 
Nationalistic historians opposed the biased history written by the British officers.
Mahadev Govind Ranade, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, Ramesh Chandra Majumdar
are renowned (famous) Nationalistic historians.
(4) Nationalistic historiography inspired freedom struggle against the Britishers and gave
momentum to write about regional history. While glorifying the past, at times they are
blamed for ignoring to critically analyse the truth.

(2) (1) The Maratha style of paintings began to develop in the later half of the 17th
century.
(2) This style consists of coloured paintings which are in the form of murals and
miniatures used in manuscripts.
(3) Murals of Maratha style can be seen at the entrance of old wadas, in drawing
rooms and on the ceilings of the temples.
(4) The Maratha style was influenced by the Rajput and European style of paintings.
The Maratha style of paintings helps us to understand various things about the
times in which it was developed such as lifestyle, attires, customs, etc.

(3) (1) Marco Polo was born in a business family in the Italian city of Venice in
1254 C.E.

(2) He was the first European traveller to reach China taking the silk route.

(3) His travelogue introduced Asia, especially China to Europe.

(4) He wrote about the rich flora and fauna, social life, information on culture and
trade system in Asia. His writings initiated trade between Europe and Asia.

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Q. 3.
(1) (1) Man acquired different skills at various stages in his evolution process.
(2) From making stone tools to developing new techniques of agriculture production,
he learnt many skills and entered in the age of science.
(3) 
Agricultural production, commodity production, architecture, engineering, etc.
underwent several changes. Production increased manifold because of technology.
(4) Hence, it is necessary to know the history of technology in order to understand
the development in mechanisation and mutual dependence between science and
technology.

(2) (1) It is essential to have knowledge of history while making films on historical
events or a person.
(2) 
If the movie has a historical theme then art directors are required to create
backdrop designs of atmosphere showcasing that period.
(3) To write movie dialogues, the knowledge of the culture and language as spoken
in that period is necessary.
(4) It is important to have knowledge of appropriate hairstyles, costumes, jewellery
make-up of that era.
(5) Thus, to make the movie relevant to that period shown an expert having knowledge
of history is required in film industry.

(3) (1) Our country is very rich with historical sites dating to ancient, medieval and
modern period.
(2) It is also blessed with abundance of nature like rivers, snow-capped mountains,
valleys, valley of flowers, crater lake, etc.
(3) Heritage of our country is divided into Natural and cultural (man-made). Heritage
sites like Taj Mahal at Agra, Jantar Mantar observatory at Jaipur and rock cut
caves at Verul, Ajanta, Gharapuri are globally acclaimed. Similarly, Kaas Plateau
in Maharashtra is a World Heritage site.
(4) Many tourists visit these places to satisfy their curiosity. These heritage sites are
inspiration for future generation and so we should preserve it.

(4) (1) Conservation and preservation involves several steps like collecting the sources
of history, creating their records and indexes.
(2) After completing necessary treatment the manuscripts, old books and artefacts
are exhibited.
(3) Person who handles them needs specific skill in handling the artefacts and their
management.
(4) He should know what precautions are required to be taken while doing the work
of conservation and preservation.
Therefore, only trained persons who are duly qualified can take up these tasks.

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Q. 4.
(1) 
Indian Broadcasting Company (IBC) was taken over by the British Government. It
was named as the Indian State Broadcasting Service (ISBS). On 8th June 1936, it
was renamed as ‘All India Radio’ (AIR).
(2) 
AIR was named as Akashvani on the suggestion of the famous poet Pandit Narendra
Sharma.
(3) (1) Initially, Akashvani broadcasted government programmes and schemes.
(2) Later it broadcasted various entertainment and literary programmes.
(3) Akashvani presents various programmes for creating awareness.
(4) 
Special programmes are also broadcasted for farmers, workers, youth and
women.
Q. 5.
(1) The following are the four characteristics of modern historiography :
(1) Its method is based on scientific principles and begins with formation of relevant
questions.
(2) These questions are anthropocentric i.e. they are about ancient human societies
and their deeds in that period of time. No interrelation between the divine and
human needs is suggested.
(3) 
Answers to these questions are supported by reliable evidence and they are
presented in a logical order.
(4) History presents a graph of man’s progress with the help of his deeds in the past.
(2) A blend of Persian, Central Asian, Arabic and pre Islamic native Indian styles created
the Islamic architecture of India.
Following are the characteristics of Islamic architecture developed in the medieval
period under the patronage of Muslim sultanates :
(1) Built in Islamic style, the Kutub Minar is the highest minaret in the world. It is
73 metres (240 ft) in height.
(2) The Taj Mahal built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan is looked upon as the
paramount example of Islamic architecture.
(3) The Gol Gumbaz at Bijapur in Karnataka built in 17th century is known for its
echo which can be heard many times.
(4) The forts at Agra and Delhi are known for their massive walls of redstone. The
walls are interrupted by graceful curves and lofty bastions.

Red sandstone, domes, arches, minarets, magnificence all combined form
characteristics of Islamic architecture.

(3) Sports and history are closely related with each other.
(1) It is a must for a sports writer to know the history of the game he chooses to
write on.
(2) 
In order to write a review on any sport competition, the critic should have
knowledge of competitions held in the past.
(3) A comparative study of the skills, techniques and strategies used in the past and
developments or improvements in the present makes the review comprehensive.

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 (4) The writer has to resort to history while writing columns or articles on sports
events like Olympics or Asiad or any national or international matches.
(5) 
While commentating on Akashvani and Doordarshan, an expert commentator
needs to have good knowledge of the history of the game, previous records of
illustrious and eminent players, statistical analysis and historical anecdotes
related to the game and players.
(6) 
Coaches, special experts, selection committee should have information of the
players, their strength and weakness and also history of the players in the
opposing team. Even players should know history of their competitors.
In short, it is essential to know the history of all the aspects related to sports.

(4) (1) The first official archive of India was established in Kolkata in 1891 C.E. as the
‘Imperial Record Department’.
(2) It was moved to Delhi in 1911 C.E.
(3) In 1998 C.E. it was made accessible to the public by the then President of India
K. R. Narayanan.
(4) It was renamed as ‘National Archive’ (National Archive of India). Archives come
under the Ministry of Culture of the Indian Government.
(5) This archive has papers, maps, books and micro films preserved in chronological
order since 1748.
(6) 
Records in English, Arabic, Hindi, Persian, Sanskrit, Devanagari and Modi
languages are preserved.
(7) 
Papers kept in archives are classified into public, oriental, manuscripts and
private papers.
(8) The National Archives of India is the largest in Asia and technologically advanced.
(Write any six points.)
Q. 6.
(1) In Maharashtra, 50% seats are reserved for women in local self-governing institutions.
(2) Due to increase in communalism there is an increase in religious conflicts.
Q. 7.
(1) The statement is False.
Reasons :
(1) To strengthen democracy and increase mutual trust between the government and
the people, it is very important that the people should know about the functioning
of the government.
(2) Transparency and accountability are the hallmarks (symbol) of good governance.
(3) 
With Right to Information given to the citizens, Government became more
transparent. Thus, the Right to Information has reduced element of secrecy in
administration.

(2) The statement is True.

Reasons :
(1) People who have similar views come together voluntarily and form a party, so it
can be said that political parties are an integral part of our society.

NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY) 5

 (2) The political parties try to solve problems of the people.

(3) Some political parties represent the role of a particular community in society, its
ideology and work to achieve it.

Hence, it can be said that political parties are social organisations.

(3) The statement is True.

Reasons :
(1) People organise themselves and start a movement to solve social issues.

(2) Leaders and activists provide all the information regarding those issues to the
government.

(3) The government takes notice of the problems because of the movement.

(4) Some movements aim at opposing some policies of the government and certain
decisions. This is the most recognised method of protest in democracy.

Hence, movements have great importance in democracy.

Q. 8. (A)
(1) (1) One of the most important features of a democratic nation is elections at regular
intervals. Holding free and fair elections at regular intervals is essential for a
democratic system.

(2) Under the Article 324 of the Constitution, Election Commission was formed in
1950. The President appoints one Chief Election Commissioner and two additional
commissioners. It is an autonomous body.

(3) The rank and powers of all the three commissioners are the same. The declaration
of dates of the elections to the announcement of the results, the entire procedure
is monitored by the Election Commission.

(4) The Election Commission does not have its own staff to carry out this procedure.
So they carry out the work with the help of government employees and teachers.
Special provisions are made for all finances incurred by the Election Commission.

(2) A party which functions at the national level is known as National Party.
(1) The Election Commission has laid certain criteria for a party to get recognised
as a National party. The political party should secure at least 6% valid votes in
four or more states in the earlier Lok Sabha or State Assembly elections and
minimum four members should be elected in the Lok Sabha from any state or
states in the earlier elections.
OR

(2) The candidates of a party should be elected from minimum three states or should
be elected from minimum 2% constituencies of the total Lok Sabha constituencies.
OR

(3) It is important to get recognition as a state party in at least four states.

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Q. 8. (B)
(1)
Provisions for
Minorities
Provision of
Laws relating to
Atrocities (Act)
Women and for the
Efforts to reduce
provisions for friction in society Scheduled Castes
and Scheduled
representation
Tribes
Policy of
Reservation
of seats

(2)
Unequal Distribution of Resources

Unemployment Caste-based issues

Social Challenges in Democracy

Addictions Increasing gap

between rich and
poor

Q. 9.

(1) Holding free and fair elections at regular intervals is an important indicator of
democracy. As future of democracy depends on elections it is important to make
changes in the representatives and the process to hold elections from time to time.
(1) 50% seats should be reserved for women candidates by every party.
(2) 
Candidates with a criminal background should be permanently barred from
contesting any elections.
(3) 
Political parties should not give them tickets. They should strictly follow the
decision given by the courts.
(4) The misuse of money should be stopped during elections. The government should
incur the expenditure.

(2) (1) Environmental degradation is a serious problem at national and international

level.
(2) At the international level several movements are working to stop the deterioration
of the environment.
(3) In India, many movements are working on different aspects of environment.
(4) The environment movements are taking up issues like protection of bio-diversity,
protecting different sources of water, protection of forests, green belt, pollution
of rivers, use of chemicals and their ill effects.

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