Automatic Street Light Control

Based on Vehicle
Movement Detection

Abstract: Smart Street Light is an automated system which automates the street. The main
aim of Smart Street light is to reduce the power consumption when there are no vehicle
movements on the road. The Smart Street Light will glow with high intensity when there are
vehicles on the road otherwise the lights Will remain dim. With advancement of technology,
things are becoming simpler and easier for everyone in The world today. Automation is the
use of control systems and information technologies to reduce the need For human work in
the production of goods and services. In the scope of industrialization, automation is a Step
beyond mechanization, whereas mechanization provided human operators with machinery
to assist .The users with the muscular requirements of work, automation greatly decreases
the need for human .Sensory and mental requirements as well. Automation plays an
increasingly important role in the world. Economy and in daily experience. Automatic
systems are being preferred over manual system. The research Work shows automatic
control of streetlights as a result of which power is saved to an extent. Smart Street Light
provides a solution for energy saving which is achieved by sensing an approaching vehicle
using the IR sensors and then switching ON a block of street lights ahead of the vehicle with
high intensity. As the Vehicle passes by, the trailing lights turn dim automatically. Thus, we
save a lot of energy. So, when there Are no vehicles on the highway, then all the lights will
remain dim.

Keywords: Smart Street Light, Power consumption, High intensity, Infrared sensor.

1.INTRODUCTION
Automation plays an increasingly very important role in the world economy and in daily life.
Automatic systems are Being preferred over any kind of manual system. We can also call it
an “SMART STREET LIGHT SENSING”. Intelligent Light sensing refers to public street lighting
that adapts to movement by pedestrians, cyclists and cars. Intelligent street Lighting, also
referred to as adaptive street lighting, dims when no activity is detected, but brightens when
movement is Detected. This type of lighting is different from traditional, stationary and
illumination, or dimmable street lighting that Dims at pre-determined times. The research
work shows automatic control of streetlights as a result of which power is saved to some
extent. In the Scope of industrialization, automation is a step beyond mechanization.
Whereas mechanization provided human operators With machinery to assist the users with
muscular requirements of work, automation greatly decreases the need for human Sensory
and mental requirements as well. Basically, street lighting is one of the important parts.
Therefore, the street Lamps are relatively simple but with the development of urbanization,
the number of streets increases rapidly with high Traffic density. There are several factors
need to be considered in order to design a good street lighting system such as Night-time
safety for community members and road users, provide public lighting at cost effective, the
reduction of crime And minimizing it is effect on the environment. At the beginning, street
lamps were controlled by manual control where a control switch is set in each of the
streetlamp which is called the first generation of the original street light. After that, another
method that has been used was optical control method done using high pressure sodium
lamp in their system. Nowadays, it is seen that the method is widely used in the country. The
method operates by set up an optical control circuit, change the resistance by using of Light
sensitive device to control street lamps light up automatically adjust and turn off
automatically after dawn in the Morning.

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

Arvind Sriram, Praveen Kumar D., Vishnudharansinis. [1] have proposed about Street Light
Glow on detecting vehicle Movement using sensor is a system that utilizes the latest
technology for sources of light as LED lamps. It is also used to Control the switching of street
light automatically according to the light intensity to develop flow based dynamic control
Statistics using infrared detection technology and maintain wireless communication among
lamppost and control terminal Using ZigBee Wireless protocol. It also combines various
technologies: a timer, a statistics of traffic flow magnitude, Photodiodes, LED, power
transistors. K. Santha et al [2] have surveyed on Street Lighting System Based on Vehicle
Movements. The system operates in the Automatic mode which regulates the streetlight
according to brightness and dimness algorithm and light intensity. The Control can be made
according to the seasonal variation. It includes a time cut-out function and an automatic
control Pattern for conserving more electricity. The whole project was implemented using a
PIC microcontroller. Srikanth et al [3] proposed a ZigBee based Remote Control Automatic
Street Light System. The system is designed With the help of ZigBee modules that helps in
detecting the faulty lights and control the light. It also discusses about an Intelligent system
that takes automatic decisions for ON/OFF/DIMMING considering the vehicle movement or
Pedestrian and also the surrounding environment. PIR motion sensor is used to detect
movement of both living and nonliving thing.

3. OBJECTIVES
Street lights are doing more than ever in today’s smart cities. With digital networks and
embedded sensors, they collect And transmit information that help cities monitor and
respond to any circumstance, from traffic and air quality to crowds And noise. They can
detect traffic congestion and track available parking spaces. Those very same networks can
remotely control LED lights to turn on and off, flash, dim and more, offering cities a chance
to maximize low-energy lighting benefits While also improving pedestrian and bicyclist
safety. With street lights creating a network canopy, those networks of data Can be used by
more than just lighting departments, empowering even schools and businesses via a lighting
infrastructure That brightens the future of the digital city. Smart lighting helps cities save
energy, lower costs, reduce maintenance – all While better serving citizens and reducing
energy use and CO2 emissions. Automation and networked control can further increase
your energy savings and reduce maintenance spending. Networked street lighting built on a
scalable platform can reduce crime up to 10% and make roadways safer through Improved
visibility. Leveraging intelligent control systems can rapidly increase lighting efficiencies and
traffic Management.

4.METHODOLOGY
° The Smart Street light control system adopts a dynamic control methodology. According to
the proposed plan, Initially when it becomes dark, all the street lights automatically glow for
a few seconds and switches off. But Throughout the night, only one street lights remain
switched on for security concerns. When a vehicle passes by, A block of street lights glows
and as the vehicle moves forward, the next block of lights starts glowing where The previous
block switches off.

° Aim- The automated street lights is to reduce the power consumption when there are no
vehicle movements on The road. The street light will turn ON when there are vehicles on the
road otherwise the lights will be OFF. Consequently the system provides a solution for energy
saving.

Block diagram

5.ADVANTAGES
° If the lighting system implements all LED lights, the cost of the maintenance can be
reduced as the life span and Durability of LEDs is higher than Neon based lights which are
normally used as street lights.

° As the lights are automatically turned ON or OFF, huge amount of energy can be saved.
° This system less costly, less installation and maintenance cost and more efficient as
compared to the others System.

6.CONCLUSION
By using Smart Street light, one can save surplus amount of energy which is done by
replacing sodium vapor lamps By LED and adding an additional feature for security
purposes. It prevents unnecessary wastage of electricity, caused due To manual switching of
streetlights when it’s not required. It provides an efficient and smart automatic streetlight
control System with the help of IR sensors. It can reduce the energy consumption and
maintains the cost. The system is versatile, Extendable and totally adjustable to user needs.

°The system is now used only for One way traffic in highways.
°Continuous uses of LDR and IR sensors even in day time.
° Not switched on before the sunset.

The Smart light system can be further extended to make the current system in two-way
traffic, making the system more Flexible in case of rainy days and introduction of ways to
control the lights through GSM based service.

REFERENCES

[1]. Arvind Sriram, Praveen Kumar D., Vishnudharansini s., “Street light that glows on
detecting vehicle

Movement”. Vol- 8, ISSN- 2395 – 5317, ISSUE – 4 APRIL 2018.

[2]. K. Santha Sheela, S. Padmadevi, Survey on “Street Lightning System Based on Vehicle
Movements”. Vol.3,

ISSN- 2319 – 8753, ISSUE- 2 FEB 2014.

[3]. Srikanth M., Sudhakar K.N., “ZigBee Based Remote Control Automatic Street Light
System”. ISSN- 2321 –

3361, ISSUE- JUNE 2014