Clhoptel-5 ChORDINATE 1EOMETRY

Absctssa:
The -coonclinate is called the
absctssa
091dlinate:
The-CoDAdfnate fs called Hhe
Ondinate
Dstance botween 0o pofnts
and a(iy2) the
Gifven two poînts plH)
aistan ce between these Pofnts Ps
d= -aut(te-y -T
The distance between Pa-Thedstance
between QP

The datauce a point P(1t110m

Tthe ootin o(0:0) Ps

G
EXER CISE: b.2
Find the dRstance bettoeen the ollouoing
Paos Pofnts,N-1+(p-V
(1,2) aud (4:3) (-
6eft
(oC)4(oa,Ha)
 dr
V-3) (ea-u
V CA-1)+ (s-a)*
(8+(1) 90s0s-3091
V9tl
d VIO units atahea3-9
(E (3,4) and(-,2)
sef:
3 U =4 --7it =2
913963
d =
t-0+ (ta-8)
-VT-3 (-4 -

V-100+4
9A

26x4
d -2 V26 units
(a,b) and (Cb)
a =b i=C; U2=b :1
d=Va-a)+ 8a-)
=Cc-a)+ (b-b)
-V
Cc-a
d -C-a) unia
3,-9) and -3,3) 0

-3 =9 &a-2 da=3

Ca-9)+(8 49
av

=V25 +144
169
V13X13
13uni A06+
Detenmine tohethen the given set p o i s
n each case cote coLinéan 091 not
4
-)(51D (a4)
6o:
Leb the pointS A (T-2), B(5) and cla,
AB =(a-stf++(8a-t1) (
1-1 98,-2 =5i 2=
= (5-1)+ (i+2)

=V 4 +4 - -
AB:V13 (4)4(s-)
BC=V (ta-) C}a-}1)*
-58=b1 ; do =3;dp=4
V(3-5+(4-2
V-2)+(8)2
=V 4 +9
BC I13
CA =VCa-+ (ya- cak
3 =4 da7;a-2

= (7-3+ (2-4) -
V(:(-6 (6-
=16+36
- V52
=13x4
=2 VB
AB +BC = CA
4HS

AB+BC =
VIB+IB = 2N3

213 R HS
CA =

AB+BC =CA
ane collinea
Hence the points
Ro-p)
(a-2) (a,3) (a,o
Let the pofns be A (a,-2) B(a,3) C la,o

AB -V(da-)+(}h-U
a g=-2; to=a; Ua=3

- Va-a)+ (3+a)* y-8A

o+55
= 25
AB 5

BC--a+(%-H ()
a : 3 ; ta=a:ta=0
A
 (0-9 o-)
-Y(a-a)+
0 4 3

RC3

A= VCa-2)t (a-8)
-2
a H =0 Ia=a
V(a-a)+ t2-0 )()y

ad
CA 2

AB BC+CA
AB-5 LHS
BHS ye 4
BctCA = 8+2 =5
d 2u t 28A
: AB BC+CA
Hence the poinbs ae colnean 68)
in bodor
3Shoo that tu following pofnts takcen
fotms an felo angle.-

CA (64) B2,0 cG3)

AB-(-)t (Ua-U)

(2-5t(0-AT) )
--3+ A
V9+16
AB -5
XER
 8C- VCa-9)'+(3-0 t0-)
GA)H (3
= 16 +9
=V25
BC 5

CA-V(5t2)+(4-3)a b
o-348)
=V 49t
= V60

F25X2
CA 5V2 56-6
AB+BC CA (A 86
5+552 and AB=BC 018
ABC s an tsoceles Enfange «t98-a
( A (6,-4),B(-2,-4), co) 3 99

AB-V (-2-6)*+ (-4+4) 16/8=-4 a-.

-V-8+o o 3 (4
AB 8
BC V (2+2)+ (10+4A) -2) th=-4 2=2
=10
4 +(14) ey
V 16+196
V2/2
V63x
BC 253
 2 1 0 ; 1=6 h-4
CA- Vt6-3)'+ (-4-1o)
V (A)+ (-1A)
V18 +196
V2/2
= V53XA
CA 2 53
BCt AB > CA

2 53+8 253 and BCCA

AABC s an soceles korfangle
Shoo that tholading pofnts, takn
4) oden in
foum an equüvälatenal totfang
each cas
A2,2),8 (2,-2). C 2 N3,213
AB =V(g-+ (h-
2 H -2; T2= -2a-2
VC2-2)+ (2-2)
VA (4) 08e

1
76 t16
=82

416 X2 - -
AB AV2
Be = V(g-31)*+ (3s -41
81--2; - 2 3 ;
a=+23 (2342)
Iy-2 CobaI12ab

a-23 b: 2
=-23+2)+(2/3+2
= V4x3-It4) + (4x3 +3N314
 = 16t 16

=82
F 16x2
AY
BC-A2
CA-YCa-ft(a-8)*
- 2 3 8 =a13 ; o-2;a=2
(94213
-V (24215t (a-25 Catb)-atBt
-2-23)
=+e13+Ax3)+(2 8VB AXa-b-atb-

=V +12)+ (A+12)
16+l6
= 82

CA- AND
AB BC= CA =V2
. AABC Ps an eguilatenal tianghe
A(V3,2) B (0,1) avnd clo,3)
AB--1+(-4)
=3 H =2; %=0;Ha=l

-34
AB =2
 C-Cat-)'+ (yari)
=(o-0t(3-1
=Vo (61

BC 2

CA- (-f+(a-t)

B-0)(2-3(2-3) 6p

= 3t1

CA 2
AB BC CA
=Z*(-4(-
. ABC 18 au eauly latenal btangt
5how that thu olloofng pofs taken fn
0ndes om the vertites. a parallelograne
A3D, al-6),c(a,-4)p(6,-1
AB- N(a-i)+ (Ua-8
-8:1=li og= -b; ta--7
=Y-6t3)+ -1-1)

V -9 +-9
=9t64
AB -V73 axeoslarA
|BC VCta -t)+(a-U)*
6 - 7 ;a - 3 : - - 9

=V846)+(-941)

81 +4
BC = V85

CD =VCaa-)+ (t-8) 0

-3; 8-9; 6 ida

C6-9+ (-I+9)*
- V8)t (8

= Y9 tib4
CD 73
DA V( -+ (h-4) s-f38-86
D E h

6 - I ;Ca-3; n=]
V(-3-6+ (1+1)

DA -V85
AB=CD=V73
BC-DA-85
The opposite side ne egual

. ABCD i8 0 panallelogram
( A-1-3) B610), c(15,8) and D(3-5
AB ( - ) +(a) sto sT
-1iH-3; a5 a =10 o

-5+7)+ (10+3) t
= (12)2+ (18) et RO
IA +169 (c30 618 (8NO
=V313
BC C a - +(0a
:-
58=10 l2=15; -8
- C15-5+(8-10
:+0-T
V (to)+ (-a
= lo0+4
Bc =To4

CD VC-)+ (Ha-8
= 15;8=87a=3h - 3
-C3-15+-5-8) Ree
-V(-12)+ (-13)2 -)-HY
- 4 4 +169
= 813

DAV( -+(U2-4)
=

=8 7 Bh-5; a -1;8a=-3

y (-7-3)+E3+5
-V-1ot(y
=Y100t4
A-NTOA
 ABCD and BC DA
7he opposthe 8des ane equal
ABCD s a
pmatlelogm.am.
)Vely 1hu follouofng ofhts akon th
Potei fooM th ventiro a phorhbus
A(8-2) B(6) CCh0) DC5i-6)
AB (ta-z)°+ (Ua-U)

s3 h-2; a =1:ta=6
-7-3+(6+4J

l6t 64
=y80
V t6x5
AB 4 5
BC =(ta-01+(ta- ep
-7:Uh=b, 2ta=-1;da=2a14)
V--7)+(2-8)

6h tlb
- -
V8o
-VI6X5
Bc 4N65
 CD- Coa-1)+ (¥-t) A3 38

-1ih=2) Ca =-5; Ga=-6 .

=-5+1)*+ (-6-2) -
=V-A)+(-8)*
=V
Tb+64
1- 38

CD fV5
DA V(t- +(8-U)3 e
5i=-6 a=3; H2=-2
s+-
V 3+5)+ (246)
-VC8)4 C4
= V6h tl

=V16 X5
|DA = 4V6
ABCP
guadllatenal
All fowt sides o
ne eaUal
ABCD Ps a hombus

A l1) B ) , C(2,2) and Dl,2)

ABVCto-)+(-81)
=

T1i8=l;Ta=2 ;4,=
:Y

=V (2-1+(1-1*

V 3
AB
 BC - VCta-a+ (h-61)
2 = l ,Xg-2; U =2
V(2-a)+ (2-1)

=
BC=
CD= (t-a)+ lda-4h)*
I -26 =2; Io=l;ta=2

-4-2+(o-9)
CAYC)
CD =1

DA=Ca-a +(%-8)
zbla=3zta-2

-l1=2; 2cl;a=

-(-1%(1-2 A
-Vo4
=VP
DA 1
All the o des eGuadaitlatend
ABCD ane equal.
ABCDs a ahpmbus
1 3 A(I), B(13) and clya) ane

Poihts and AB PGthun hd a

el: Aß BC

ABNCta-y+Wo-4)o
A=-1; =1;Xg=l;Uo 3

VC+1) (3-1)

V4-+4
BC Va-a* (Ua4
11=3/ 23; da=a
C3-1+ (a-9)
V(ay +(a+9-6a) uu
4tapq-6a
BC=V a-ba +13 9132-
AB BC

V8-a-ba +13
aba H3 = 8
a-6a+13-8 0
a-6a+5- 0
( (
(a-1) (a-50 (
a ,5
i a
to
8The abscissa of a point A s eual the
is ondhale and t dikance rom
Ppiut Dl13) Ps 1ounit, cohat au th
| cocIdinates A ?
 Aek #he
coOrdlinales A be a d
3)
the pofut Bll,
BA- Yla-a)+(-61)lo
= l ; =3: a=28a=62

Caa-1)+ ( t a - 3 =/0

V-2tgt)+(83+-64+4) =10

G:T7 abscissa o polnt eA e u a l

to Phs oNdinate

Tg-2gt1 +-6agt4 =10

2-8tg t10 = 10-8)

s4uaning prn both sBdeS
2t-82 tH0 l00+t
212-80g +10 -100 =0 A
9-82-90 = D
2 8
Ig-4t2-45 =0

(OGt5) (-0) = 0

Cvondinakes A ane (-5,-5) 0 (149

9) The poivne (xy) Rs egufdistant rot
the pofnts l8,4) and G56) Ffnd a
91elatien bebuween X and y.
el:
POxx) fs equldlstant otom
tuu pofints A(3.4) and B(-5,6)
 PA PB 1 0 6 3

5Y: b
, Va
(a-3+ (y-AJ t6+(8-6s st
i-6t+16-8y +25H102+ sb-126
0+25-12y+3bt6+8Y -916 = 0
+36 O
Iba-4y =

4
4 - +9 =0

- 4+4 )
0ek Aa,3 aud B2,-4) be hoo points 1 P
|Aes ovn Me aats suth that AP-AB
ind the coondlinates P
(o
A.1, A213) ,B(24), Play) e s on the t a

AP= AB
4 13) Pz.0) A (23) B(2-4
4-21 Hi= 3; 2=X 1t=0 = 2 7 = 37322H2=-4

Cta-4't (Ua-H)2
C-2+ (o-9
Ca-b 4p-b
3 2-2)t4-3
Va4tH +9
aA+13
-4Ct 13
40t 19
 t I 3 -9
4 13-9=0

- 4 t 4 =0

-2 C - s ) =0

2,2
The oodinates e Plt,o) =Pl2,0)
pofnt
that the tu, 2 Psthe
1)Shco
centote e the cencte pasin9 tuoh
the

Posnts tl,2) (-A) and (5-

0f: ek, S(u, 2) Al,2) B(3,-4) and e[5)
S:T SA 8B- SC
SA-N (t-a+ (ta-8)
=l:=2;,=1; Ha*2a b
y1-11+ (2-2 c(orrb

=100
VtOxtO
SA-= 10Unfts
AL
SB-N C-q t(t)
l ; H=2 a=8:8a=-*
- (8-1+ (-4-2)*
--8+(-6)
=V6f+ 36

=VtoxIO
SB 10 unfES
 -/1G9, a=5)&a -
Yb00

(5-u)*+ +(-b-2)-)0V
= -6)+-8) o)(o-0)

=V 36 t64
= VI0O

-Vloxlo
SC =10Unfes
S is the cente o the c81cle, pasing
tMAOugh A, B and c.
The aadius e hdi wm centne at
a
toondënales
O9utgfn S 80untt6: Uite the at
p o f r t ceneas the cncle ntense ct
thu axes. Fivd the dlstance betuveon any
FwD &uth pofnt (008)
:
Fquation the cncte =Vt 80units
Radius= SA =30unit S
(0,0) (0
=0; =0; o=*; h =0)-0)i0-9)
(o-)+(-81= 30sE
V-0+(0-o 30 (oj0)
30
2
- (30
900
=900
= 3ox 30
-t30
 (o, 0) (o, 8

V (Ta-)+ (ya-81 - 30

VCo-D)+ (8-0) = 30

30

(80
8 900
-900
r v30x3D
H-t30imube
The dltance betw ee thL poYnts
s
C30,0) and (o,30) bs
=NCta-1 (e-4)st
3 0 ; U0 , # 0 a - 3 0
V (o-30)+ (30-0) 300-
=V(-30) (30 )o-
y900t Q0o o-6)4(o-3
V1800
V2x900 o 8
302