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Atomic Theory Timeline Project

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nikkibeckykitty
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4 views

Atomic Theory Timeline Project

Uploaded by

nikkibeckykitty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Atomic Theory Timeline Project

MAKE AN ATOMIC THEORY TIMELINE!


Directions:
1) Read the information about the scientists and theories that have developed over time about
matter and the atom in the Atomic Theory Timeline information packet.
2) Cut out all of the scientists’ names, information boxes, scientist pictures, atomic models, and
analogies and organize them by date/theory.
3) On a separate sheet of paper, design a timeline that includes these dates:

400 B.C., 300 B.C. to Early 1800s, 1803, 1897, 1908, 1913, 2000
Your timeline may be straight like this:

Or it may be more like a “journey” (you can be creative with this):


1803 1908

1897
4) For each of the seven dates, arrange and glue the correct scientist name and picture, atomic
model, analogy and additional information (there are two or three information boxes per theory).
5) Make your timeline look great! Give it a title, use crayons or colored pencils to decorate the
dates and/or names, and maybe add boxes or bubbles around the information for each date.
6) Answer the 8 included questions and look over the rubric to see how this project will be
graded. Tape the Questions/Rubric page to the back of your timeline before submitting it.
Atomic Theory Timeline Questions and Rubric
Please choose the correct answer to the following questions. Use the Google form to answer the
questions. Answer in complete sentences.
1) Who discovered the electron?
a) Dalton b) Thomson c) Rutherford d) Bohr
2) What did Rutherford discover in his experiment?
a) nucleus b) electrons c) neutrons
3) n which model are atoms are imagined as tiny balls?
a) Dalton b) Thomson c) Rutherford d) Bohr
4) Who proposed a model with electrons moving in specific layers?
a) Dalton b) Thomson c) Rutherford d) Bohr
5) What does atom mean? a) small b) visible c) indivisible d) particle
6) Who is “responsible” for the 2000-year “Death of Chemistry”?
a) Aristotle b) Democritus c) Thomsen d) Dalton
7) Rutherford’s “gold-foil” experiment using alpha particle scattering concluded that
a) the center of the atom is empty b) atomic mass is spread over the whole atom
c) the center of the atom has a negative charge d) most of the atom is empty
8) In which model are atoms are imagined as the solar system?
a) Dalton b) Thomson c) Rutherford ​ ​ d) Bohr e) Cloud Model

Rubric:
Timeline has a title 4 pts ______
Organization of events is neat, clear and chronological 12 pts ______
All pictures, atomic models and analogies of the atom are included and accurate 12 pts ______
Correct matching of information boxes with the responsible scientist(s) 12pts ______
Poster looks aesthetically pleasing
(color, outlining, easy to read and interpret, creative) 8 pts ______
Class time is used wisely 4 pts ______
Questions #1-8 (1/2 point each) 8pts ______
Total Points Earned: ________/ 60
Everything You Need to Make an Atomic Theory Timeline!

Democritus Bohr Aristotle Thomson


Rutherford Dalton Schrodinger
Heisenberg Einstein & other scientists
Most of an atom’s mass is in Electrons move around the There are small, negatively
the nucleus. nucleus billions of times in charged particles inside an
one second. atom called electrons.

“Atomos” means “not to be All matter is made up of four Atoms contain mostly empty
cut,” which refers to the elements: fire, air, water and space.
smallest piece of matter. earth.

Electrons’ locations depend Electrons travel in paths Atoms are “ uncuttable”


upon how much energy they called energy levels.
have.

Atoms are made of a single Atoms of the same element Electrons are found in
material that is formed into are exactly alike. electron clouds, not in paths.
different shapes and sizes.

Electrons are scattered around This theory led to the “plum Matter has four properties:
nucleus at a distance pudding” model, in which hot, cold, dry and wet.
negative particles are stuck in
a positively charged
substance.

Atoms of different elements Energy levels are located There is a small, dense,
are different certain distance from the positively charged nucleus.
nucleus.
(-SCIENTIST- ATOMIC MODELS-MODEL ANALOGIES-)

Scientist Pictures
Atomic Models:

Model Analogies:
Atomic Theory Notes
Democritus : 400 B.C.

Democritus, a philosopher in ancient Greece,


began the search for a description of matter.
he questioned whether matter could be divided
into smaller and smaller pieces forever until
eventually the smallest possible piece would
be obtained. he believed that the smallest
possible piece of matter was indivisible and
he named the smallest piece of matter
“atomos,” meaning “not to be cut.”
to democritus, atoms were small, hard
particles that were all made of the same
material, but were formed into different
shapes and sizes.

Aristotle: 300 B.C. to Early 1800’s


In ancient Greece, the popular
philosopher aristotle declared
that all matter was made of only
four elements: fire, air, water
and earth. he also believed that
matter had just four properties:
hot, cold, dry and wet. Aristotle
had a lot of influence over the
public at this time, so his ideas
were generally accepted for
centuries.

Dalton: 1803

In the early 1800s, the english chemist john


dalton performed a number of experiments
that eventually led to the acceptance of the
idea of atoms. he formulated the first atomic
theory since the “death of chemistry” that
occurred during the prior 2000 years.
dalton theorized that all matter is made of
atoms and that atoms are too small to see,
“uncuttable,” and indestructible. He also
theorized that all atoms of a given element
are exactly alike and atoms of different
elements are different.

Thomson: 1897

In 1897, the english scientist named j.j.


thomson provided the first hint that an atom
is made of even smaller particles.
he discovered the presence of a negative
particle in the atom – the electron.
he proposed a model of the atom that is
sometimes called the “plum pudding” model.
his theory was that atoms are made from a
positively-charged substance with
negatively-charged electrons scattered
about, like raisins in a pudding or chocolate
chips in a cookie.
Rutherford: 1908

In 1908, the new Zealand-born physicist,


ernest Rutherford, performed an experiment
using positively-charged particles fired at
gold foil. through his experiment, he proved
that atoms are not a “pudding” filled with a
positively charged material. he theorized that
atoms have a small, dense, positively-charged
center, which he called the “nucleus”. he said
that the nucleus is tiny compared to the atom
as a whole, because the atom is mostly open
space! he concluded that the negatively-charged
particles are scattered outside the nucleus at
a distance.

Bohr: 1913
In 1913, the danish scientist niels bohr
proposed an improvement to the atomic
model. he built on the concept that the mass
of an atom is contained mostly in the
nucleus. he also theorized that electrons
move in definite orbits around the nucleus,
much like planets circle the sun. in his model,
these orbits, or energy levels, are located at
certain distances from the nucleus.

Modern Cloud Theory 20​th​ :Century Theory

Schrodinger, Heisenberg, Einstein & many other


scientists:
According to today’s atomic
theory, electrons do not orbit the
nucleus in neat planet-like orbits
but move at high speeds in an
electron cloud around the nucleus.
in the electron cloud, electrons
whirl around the nucleus billions
of times in one second. but they are
not moving around in random
patterns--an electron’s location
within the ‘cloud’ depends upon
how much energy the electron has.

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