Android Programming(Unit-IV)

1. SQLite in Android

SQLite is a lightweight, relational database embedded in Android. It is used for local data storage in
mobile applications.

Creating an SQLite Database

• Extend the SQLiteOpenHelper class.

• Override the onCreate() and onUpgrade() methods.

• Example:

public class MyDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

private static final String DATABASE_NAME = "MyDatabase.db";

private static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;

public MyDatabaseHelper(Context context) {

super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);

@Override

public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {

String CREATE_TABLE = "CREATE TABLE MyTable (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, age
INTEGER)";

db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE);

@Override

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS MyTable");

onCreate(db);

2. ContentValues

ContentValues is used to store a set of key-value pairs to insert or update data in the SQLite
database.
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Example: Adding a Row

SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

values.put("name", "John");

values.put("age", 25);

db.insert("MyTable", null, values);

Example: Updating a Row

ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

values.put("age", 30);

db.update("MyTable", values, "name=?", new String[]{"John"});

3. Cursors

A Cursor provides access to the results of a database query. It allows you to navigate and retrieve
data.

Querying a Database

SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();

Cursor cursor = db.query("MyTable", null, "age>?", new String[]{"20"}, null, null, "name ASC");

while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

int id = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("id"));

String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));

int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));

Log.d("Data", "ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name + ", Age: " + age);

cursor.close();

4. Adding, Updating, and Removing Rows

• Adding Rows: Use db.insert().

• Updating Rows: Use db.update().

• Removing Rows: Use db.delete().

Example: Deleting a Row

 Android Programming(Unit-IV)

db.delete("MyTable", "name=?", new String[]{"John"});

5. Content Providers

Content Providers enable applications to share data with other apps securely. They act as an
abstraction layer over the database.

Creating a Content Provider

• Extend the ContentProvider class.

• Implement the required methods (onCreate, query, insert, update, delete, getType).

Example: ContentProvider Implementation

public class MyContentProvider extends ContentProvider {

private MyDatabaseHelper dbHelper;

@Override

public boolean onCreate() {

dbHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext());

return true;

@Nullable

@Override

public Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] projection, @Nullable String selection,
@Nullable String[] selectionArgs, @Nullable String sortOrder) {

SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();

return db.query("MyTable", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);

@Nullable

@Override

public Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values) {

SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

long id = db.insert("MyTable", null, values);

return ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, id);

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@Override

public int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values, @Nullable String selection,
@Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {

SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

return db.update("MyTable", values, selection, selectionArgs);

@Override

public int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs) {

SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

return db.delete("MyTable", selection, selectionArgs);

@Nullable

@Override

public String getType(@NonNull Uri uri) {

return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.mytable";

6. Using a Content Provider

Querying Data

Cursor cursor =
getContentResolver().query(Uri.parse("content://com.example.myprovider/MyTable"), null, null,
null, null);

if (cursor != null) {

while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));

Log.d("Data", "Name: " + name);

}
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cursor.close();

Inserting Data

ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

values.put("name", "Jane");

values.put("age", 28);

getContentResolver().insert(Uri.parse("content://com.example.myprovider/MyTable"), values);

SQLite in Android

SQLite is a built-in database in Android that helps you store data directly on the device. It's like
having a mini-database that you can use to save things like user details, app settings, or offline
content. For example, if you're building a notes app, you can use SQLite to store the notes locally on
the phone.

To create and manage an SQLite database, you use a helper class called SQLiteOpenHelper. It
simplifies the process of creating the database and managing updates when you need to make
changes to the structure (like adding a new column).

Creating an SQLite Database

You first create a class that extends SQLiteOpenHelper. Inside this class, you define what the
database should look like (e.g., tables and columns) and how it should behave when it's created or
updated.

Here’s a simple example:

public class MyDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

public MyDatabaseHelper(Context context) {

super(context, "MyDatabase.db", null, 1);

@Override

public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {

db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE Users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, age INTEGER)");

@Override
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public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS Users");

onCreate(db);

• The onCreate() method runs when the database is created for the first time.

• The onUpgrade() method runs if the database version changes, letting you handle updates.

ContentValues

ContentValues is like a container for data. It stores information you want to insert or update in the
database in a key-value format (like a dictionary).

• Adding a Row:
If you want to save a user’s name and age, you use ContentValues like this:

• ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

• values.put("name", "Alice");

• values.put("age", 25);

• db.insert("Users", null, values);

• Updating a Row:
If you want to change Alice's age:

• ContentValues values = new ContentValues();

• values.put("age", 30);

• db.update("Users", values, "name=?", new String[]{"Alice"});

Cursors

A Cursor is how you read data from the database. Think of it as a pointer that moves through rows of
data retrieved from the database. You can use it to get the values from each row.

• Querying the Database:

Let’s say you want to get all users older than 20:

• Cursor cursor = db.query("Users", null, "age>?", new String[]{"20"}, null, null, "name ASC");

• while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

• String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name"));

• int age = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age"));

• Log.d("User", "Name: " + name + ", Age: " + age);

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• }

• cursor.close();

Adding, Updating, and Removing Rows

• Adding Data: Use insert() with ContentValues to save new rows in the database.

• db.insert("Users", null, values);

• Updating Data: Use update() to modify existing rows.

• db.update("Users", values, "id=?", new String[]{"1"});

• Deleting Data: Use delete() to remove rows from the table.

• db.delete("Users", "name=?", new String[]{"Alice"});