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Kenny Amin
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In September of the same year, the provisional central political bureau was established by
Bo Gu, Zhang Wentian, Lu Futan, Li Zhusheng, Kang Sheng, Chen Yun, Huang Ping, Liu
Shaoqi, Wang Yun Cheng and other nine; Bo Gu, Zhang Wentian, Lu Futan as the Standing
Committee.After the outbreak of January 28 Incident in 1932, Zhang Wentian was disturbed
by the class struggle mode of thinking, which denounced the Nineteenth Route Army
generals as reactionary and counter-revolutionary "anti-Japanese warlords".He pointed out
that the Party's strategy is "supporting the soldiers to struggle against Japan automatically
and to oppose their superiors, using every opportunity to expose the deceptions of these
officials" and making them to think that "they must kill their reactionary superiors in order
to win the war."In December 1932, the Shanghai underground party was once again
destroyed.Lu Futan and others in Politburo Standing Committee were arrested, resulting in
Zhang Wentian, Chen Yun and others to almost get arrested.In January 1933, Zhang
Wentian moved to the Central Soviet Area with the temporary central government, and
served as the Minister of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Union, and as the chairman of
Ruijin Workers and Peasants Democratic Government.At that time, the Nationalist
Government was preparing for the Fourth Encirclement Campaign against the Jiangxi
Soviet.Chiang Kai-shek personally commanded the attack.Bo Gu held a meeting of the
Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, arguing that they should stick to their
positions.This proposal has been opposed by the Chinese Communist Party Fujian
Provincial Party Secretary Luo Ming, who said that they should continue the guerrilla
warfare since people do not have the strength to resist long-term warfare.Luo Ming pointed
out straightforwardly that the resolution of the Central Bureau was an "empty
preaching".Bo Gu was enraged and wrote "The Central Bureau's position about Decisions
from Fujian Provincial Committee," in which he accused Luo Ming of "opportunism" (Luo
Ming doctrine), followed by the launching of anti-Luo Ming campaign.Many grassroots and
front-line cadres involved were dismissed from their posts.On 18 February 1933, Zhang
Wentian published an article entitled "What is the opportunist line of Comrade Luo Ming"
published in the Struggle, a bulletin for the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist
Party.Since then, Bo Gu criticised "Jiangxi Luoming line," and Zhang Wentian also published
"Luo Ming line in Jiangxi," "Fire toward the Opportunism of the Right-wing" and other
articles to support Bo Gu's action.Communist cadre including Zhang Dingcheng, Liu Xiao,
Deng Xiaoping, Mao Zedong, Xie Weijun, and He Shushing were involved in this
movement.In January 1934, Zhang Wentian was elected member of the Central Political
Bureau and secretary of the Central Committee of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Sixth CCP
Central Committee.In February, he was elected as the Chairman of Central Government
People's Committee.After the fall of Guangchang, Zhang Wentian criticized the military
command of Bo Gu, Li De (Otto Braun) and others at the first meeting of the Central Military
Commission, and began to be estranged from them.In August 1934, the authorities of the
Central Soviet area stationed at Shazhou Dam was bombed by the Kuomintang, and they
were forced to relocate to Ruijin.Since then, Zhang Wentian began to communicate with
Mao Zedong and became close to him.In October 1934, Zhang Wentian participated in the
Long March with Mao Zedong and Wang Jiaxiang.Three people communicated many times
during the march on the way and formed an alliance against Bo Gu and Li De.On 15 January
1935, the First Red Army occupied Zunyi, Guizhou during the Long March, and held a
meeting.At the meeting, Bo Gu took the lead in making a report to discuss the errors of
military command during the fifth anti-encirclement campaign, but mainly asserted that the
difficulties were unavoidable due to circumstances.Zhou Enlai then made a deputy report,
saying that it was the tactical errors made by the military command, and admitted
responsibility.It was followed by Zhang Wentian's report opposing the Central Committee's
military strategy that solely focused on defense.Then, Mao Zedong made a long speech,
pointing out that the cause of serious loss and defeat in the fifth anti-encirclement campaign
was due to the military's simple defense line, and this was manifest in the adventurism
during the attack, the conservatism during the defense, and conservatism during the
sortie.Mao Zedong had planned this outline in advance with Wang Jiaxiang and Zhang
Wentian.Immediately, Wang Jiaxiang, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi expressed agreement.The meeting
was held for three days, and the final decision was to dismiss the leadership of Bo Gu, Li De,
and Zhou Enlai.Mao Zedong was co-opted onto the standing committee of the CCP Central
Committee Political Bureau by military commanders Zhu De and Zhou Enlai, and was also
restored to the position as the military commander of the Red Army.On 5 February, the Red
Army arrived in Bijie, and held a Politburo meeting here.Zhang Wentian replaced Bo Gu as
the CCP Central Committee General Secretary.On 12 May, Zhang Wentian presided over the
Huili Meeting.After the First and Fourth Red Army joined forces in June 1935, Zhang
Wentian supported Mao Zedong's decision to go up north and opposed Zhang Guotao's plan
to go south.In 1936, the Red Army carried out the failed eastern and western expedition
(western route army).

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Kenny Amin

generals as reactionary and counter-revolutionary "anti-Japanese warlords".He pointed out

Soviet.Chiang Kai-shek personally commanded the attack.Bo Gu held a meeting of the

Central Committee.In February, he was elected as the Chairman of Central Government

(western route army).

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