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Explanation (200 words): Thomas Edison's invention of the practical incandescent light
bulb in 1879 marked a pivotal moment in human history, revolutionizing indoor lighting
and sparking the age of electricity. The incandescent bulb provided a reliable and long-
lasting source of light, replacing less efficient and hazardous methods such as candles
and gas lamps.
Edison's light bulb worked on the principle of incandescence, where a filament, usually
made of carbonized bamboo or later tungsten, is heated to a high temperature by an
electric current. This glowing filament produces light when heated to incandescence,
creating a reliable and controllable source of illumination.
The widespread adoption of the electric light bulb transformed cities, allowing for
extended work hours, safer living conditions, and improved quality of life. It also laid the
foundation for the development of electrical grids, power distribution systems, and
countless other inventions that rely on electricity.
Edison's contributions to the field of electricity extended beyond the light bulb. He was
a prolific inventor with over 1,000 patents to his name, including the phonograph and
early motion picture cameras. His inventions and entrepreneurial spirit helped shape the
modern world and ushered in an era of rapid technological advancement.
Today, while newer, more energy-efficient lighting technologies have emerged, Edison's
incandescent light bulb remains a symbol of innovation and progress, illuminating the
way for future generations of inventors and engineers.