Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 3 views

    energetics

    Uploaded by

    Valli Kamu

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    energetics

    Uploaded by

    Valli Kamu
    3 views3 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views3 pages

    energetics

    Uploaded by

    Valli Kamu

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    1

    A student carried out a series of experiments to determine the enthalpy change of combustion of
    ethanol, C2H5OH.

    A diagram of the apparatus is shown below.

    thermometer

    metal can
    clamp

    water
    draught shield

    spirit burner
    ethanol

    The ethanol in the spirit burner was burned to heat a measured mass of water in the metal can.
    The student recorded the initial and final mass of ethanol and the initial and final temperature of the
    water for each experiment.

    (a) Process the results in the table to calculate the amount of ethanol burned and the energy
    transferred to the water in each experiment.

    Record all answers to three significant figures.


    [Specific heat capacity of water, c = 4.18 J g–1 K–1]
    [Ar: C, 12.0; H, 1.0; O, 16.0]

    mass mass amount energy


    experiment temperature
    of ethanol of water of ethanol transferred to
    number change / °C
    burned / g heated / g burned / mol the water / kJ

    1 0.391 19.5 40.0

    2 0.488 23.6 40.0

    3 0.506 24.5 40.0

    4 0.559 26.9 40.0

    5 0.727 33.6 40.0

    6 0.597 31.1 40.0

    7 0.410 20.3 40.0

    8 0.681 31.7 40.0

    [2]
    (b) Plot a graph on the grid below to show how the energy transferred to the water varies with the
    amount of ethanol burned. Draw the line of best fit.

    6.0

    5.5

    5.0

    4.5
    energy / kJ

    4.0

    3.5

    3.0

    2.5

    2.0
    0.008 0.009 0.010 0.011 0.012 0.013 0.014 0.015 0.016
    amount of ethanol burned / mol
    [2]

    (c) Write the number of the experiment which gave the result which was most anomalous.

    .............................................................................................................................................. [1]
    (d) The gradient of the graph gives the magnitude of the enthalpy change of combustion of ethanol.

    Determine the gradient of your graph. State the co-ordinates of the two points you used for
    your calculation. Record the value of the gradient to three significant figures.

    co-ordinates of two points used ............................................... ...............................................

    gradient = ............................ kJ mol–1


    [2]

    (e) Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure as these experiments, the accepted
    value for the enthalpy change of combustion of ethanol is –1370 kJ mol–1.

    Explain why this value is a negative number.

    .............................................................................................................................................. [1]

    (f) (i) Calculate the maximum percentage error in the measurement of each mass used in
    experiment 1.

    maximum error in
    mass measured maximum percentage error / %
    a single reading

    0.391 g of
    0.0005 g
    ethanol burned

    40.0 g of water 0.05 g

    [1]

    (ii) Another student repeated the experiments using the method described under the same
    conditions. The value obtained for the enthalpy change of combustion of ethanol was
    –612 kJ mol–1.

    Suggest a reason why the errors calculated in (i) do not fully account for the difference
    between the student’s value and the accepted value for enthalpy change of combustion,
    –1370 kJ mol–1.

    . ............................................................................................................................................

    . ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

    [Total: 10]

    You might also like