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SE4

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siddhinimbalkar078
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12 views

SE4

Uploaded by

siddhinimbalkar078
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answer Template for the Questions

Q1. Attempt any EIGHT of the following (8x1=8):

a) What is Software Patterns?


Software patterns are reusable solutions to common software design problems, providing best
practices for structuring code and systems (e.g., Singleton, Factory, Observer).

b) Define: Software Engineering.


Software engineering is the application of a systematic, disciplined, and quantifiable approach to the
design, development, and maintenance of software.

c) Explain the purpose of the sequence model.


The sequence model shows the sequence of interactions between objects or components in a
system, helping to understand the flow of messages and events over time.

d) Define: Dependency.
Dependency represents a relationship between two elements in software, where one element relies
on or uses the functionality of another.

e) What is Agility?
Agility is the ability to adapt to changing requirements and deliver functional software incrementally
and iteratively.

f) What is the importance of the design model?


The design model helps developers visualize the system’s architecture, ensuring the software is
efficient, maintainable, and aligned with user requirements.

g) State in brief for separation of concerns.


Separation of concerns involves dividing a software system into distinct sections, each addressing a
specific aspect, to improve maintainability and reduce complexity.

h) Explain requirement validation.


Requirement validation ensures that all documented requirements are correct, complete, and meet
stakeholder needs through reviews, inspections, and prototypes.

i) What is meant by XP?


XP (Extreme Programming) is an agile software development methodology focusing on continuous
feedback, collaboration, and iterative development.

j) Define: Prototyping.
Prototyping is the process of creating a simplified version of a system to validate requirements,
explore ideas, and gather feedback before full development.

Q2. Attempt any FOUR of the following (4x2=8):

a) Explain in brief about the Waterfall Model.


The Waterfall Model is a sequential software development process with the following phases:

1. Requirements gathering.
2. System design.
3. Implementation.
4. Testing.
5. Deployment and maintenance.
It works best for projects with well-defined requirements.
b) State any two symbols with an example for developing use cases.

1. Actor: Represented by a stick figure, e.g., a user interacting with a system.


2. Use case: Represented by an oval, e.g., "Login" in a banking system.

c) State the disadvantages of the Incremental Model.

1. Requires careful planning to integrate modules.


2. Not ideal for large, complex systems.
3. May increase initial development time and cost.

d) What is the difference between system and application software?

● System Software: Manages hardware resources (e.g., Operating Systems).


● Application Software: Performs specific tasks for users (e.g., MS Word, web browsers).

e) Explain the purpose of a class diagram.


A class diagram represents the structure of a system by showing its classes, attributes, methods, and
relationships, providing a blueprint for system design.

Q3. Attempt any TWO of the following (2x4=8):

a) List the activities of the spiral model in detail.

1. Planning: Identifying objectives, alternatives, and constraints.


2. Risk Analysis: Assessing risks and developing mitigation strategies.
3. Engineering: Building and testing prototypes or deliverables.
4. Evaluation: Reviewing results and refining the process.
5. Repeat: Iterating through these steps until the project is complete.

b) Explain any four symbols of a class diagram.

1. Class: Represented by a rectangle with three sections (name, attributes, methods).


2. Association: A solid line showing a relationship between classes.
3. Inheritance: A solid line with a triangle, indicating a subclass inherits from a superclass.
4. Multiplicity: Indicates the number of instances in a relationship (e.g., 1..*).

c) Draw an activity diagram for the Airline Reservation System.


The activity diagram includes:

● Start node (booking request).


● Actions like Search Flights, Select Flight, Enter Passenger Details, Make Payment.
● Decision node for payment success or failure.
● End node (confirmation or error).

Q4. Attempt any TWO of the following (2x4=8):

a) Explain the purposes served by Software Requirements Specification (SRS).

1. Acts as a reference for developers and stakeholders.


2. Helps in estimating project cost and timelines.
3. Defines functional and non-functional requirements.
4. Serves as a basis for validation and testing.
b) Write in detail about the Dynamic System Development Model (DSDM).
DSDM is an iterative and incremental development model focusing on:

1. User involvement and feedback.


2. Time-boxing to deliver products quickly.
3. Prioritizing requirements using the MoSCoW technique (Must Have, Should Have, Could
Have, Won't Have).
4. Encouraging collaboration between developers and users.

c) Explain a software process framework in detail.


A software process framework provides guidelines and activities for developing software. It includes:

1. Communication: Understanding requirements.


2. Planning: Scheduling tasks and resources.
3. Modeling: Designing the system.
4. Construction: Developing and testing.
5. Deployment: Delivering and maintaining the product.

Q5. Attempt any ONE of the following (1x3=3):

a) Draw a sequence diagram for the Student Registration System.


Actors: Student, Registration System, Admin.
Processes:

1. Student submits details to the system.


2. System verifies and processes the details.
3. Admin approves registration.
4. System confirms the registration to the student.

b) State any six attributes of good software.

1. Functionality: Meets user requirements.


2. Reliability: Performs consistently without failure.
3. Usability: Easy to use and understand.
4. Efficiency: Optimized for performance and resource usage.
5. Maintainability: Easy to update and fix.
6. **Port

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