Thewayweseethingsstudysheet2

PREMIER EDUCATION SOCIETY’S
TRINIT Y I N T E R N A T I O N A L SCH OOL ( IGCSE-A LEVEL)
STD. V SCIENCE 2021-2022
STUDY SHEET – 2 (Pages – 6)
Name: ____________________________ Roll No. _______ Date: ___________
THE WAY WE SEE THINGS

We see things because of light. Light is a form of energy. We see light in many
different forms all around us. Sun is the main source of light. Light travels from
the source in bands. A band of light is called a beam of light.
LIGHT
Light is a kind of ray, which travels in a straight line called rays. It’s path is
represented by a straight line with an arrow, which indicates the direction in
which the light travels.
It is the fastest thing in the universe, which travels at the speed of 300,000 km
per second.
Light helps us to see things. Without light our eyes cannot see anything.
For example – In a dark room the objects are not visible to us even though we
keep our eyes open. We can say that light causes the sensation of sight.
Sources of light –
An object which emits light is called a light source.
There are two types of sources.
a) Natural source of light – E.g. sun, stars, glow worm etc.
b) Artificial source of light – candles, oil lamps, electric lights etc.
Luminous object: Objects which emits light of their own are called luminous
object.
Luminous objects
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Strictly For Private Internal Circulation only

-2- Std. V - Science
Non luminous object:
Objects which do not emit light of their own are called non-luminous object.
Example: Chair, plants, desk etc.
Non-luminous object
Transparent object: Objects which allow light to pass through it are called
transparent object. Example : Glass, clear plastic are transparent.
Transparent object
(glass)
Translucent Object: Objects which

allow only a part of the light falling on
them to pass through it are called
Translucent
translucent object. Example- Dark
object
glasses, thin paper, coloured plastics
(Colored plastic)
are translucent.
Opaque object: Object, which do not

allow the light to pass through them are
called opaque object. E.g. wood, brick,
Opaque
table etc.
object
REFLECTION
When light strikes any surface it bounces back, this is called reflection of light.
Light bounces at an angle just like the ball here

How do our eyes see things?
Humans have always been curious about light. The ancient Greeks thought that
light travelled out from our eyes to let us see objects. In about A.D. 1000,
thinker named Ibn al-Haitham became the first to explain that we see objects
when light falls on that object and gets reflected to our eyes.
All objects reflect light. We are able to see an object only because it reflects
the light from the source that illuminates it. When the reflected light reaches
our eyes, we can see the object. The following example will help you understand
this better.
When light from sun falls on a

tree the light bounces or
reflects off the tree into our
eyes. This is how we see the
object.
The Moon does not give off its

own light. We can see it because
it reflects light from the Sun.
MIRRORS
Mirrors are usually made out of ordinary glass or coated plastic. The back of the
mirror is covered in a shiny metal foil that is designed to reflect light very well.
Mirrors are really good reflectors.
Reflection in Mirrors
A mirror is a smooth and polished surface,
hence it reflects all the light that hits it.
When you see your face in a mirror, you are
seeing light from your face reflecting off the
mirror. The reflection that is seen in the
mirror is called as an image.
We can show how light reflects off a mirror in
a diagram. We draw straight lines for the
beam of light. We show the direction in which
the light is traveling with arrows.
USE OF MIRRORS
Mirrors help us to see behind us, round objects and over objects.
a) Periscope: A periscope is an instrument that
uses mirrors. It allows you to see over the top of
something. This is how a periscope works.
Submariners use a periscope to see what is on the
surface of the sea.
b) A security mirror in a shop.
c) A rear view mirror in a car.
d) Mirrors also help us to see
around corners for e.g. A safety
mirror on a bend in the road.
e) Dentists and doctors use them to
see into difficult places. For example,
a dentist uses ‘Dentist’s mirror’ to be

to see behind you teeth.

--5- Std. V - Science
f) Kaleidoscope: A toy consisting of a
tube containing mirrors and pieces of
coloured glass or paper, whose
reflections produce changing patterns
when the tube is rotated.
LIGHT CHANGES DIRECTION

How does light travel when it reflects?
The way light reflects off mirrors is very much like the way a ball bounces
against a hard surface. If An throws a ball down, it bounces straight back at
him. In the second picture, An bounces a ball at an angle and it bounces off the
floor at the same angle away from him.
An throws the ball straight down. An throws the ball at an angle.

Light travels off a mirror in a
similar way. In other words,
light reflects from a mirror
at the same angle as it
arrives and in the opposite
direction from the incident
ray. The picture shows how
light travels when it reflects
with lines and arrows.
Reflection of light from even surface:
A smooth and polished surface reflects light at an angle in one direction.
objects having smooth surface Reflection of light from even surface

E.g. When you look in a mirror the mirror

reflects the light back at the same angle and
you see a clear image of yourself. This makes
the smooth surface shiny.
Reflection in the mirror
E.g. White or bright surfaces also reflect light well.

Reflection of light from uneven surface:
If light rays fall on any uneven surface or irregular surface it reflects light in all
direction.
log stone
objects having uneven surface Reflection of light from uneven surface
A piece of paper seems smooth but we cannot see our reflections in it. This is
because the surface of a piece of paper is not as smooth as it seems to be.
Light that falls on the paper is
reflected in many different
directions. That is why we cannot
see our reflections in a piece of
paper.
Dull matt surface is the worst
reflector of light.
***********

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PREMIER EDUCATION SOCIETY’S

TRINIT Y I N T E R N A T I O N A L SCH OOL ( IGCSE-A LEVEL)

STD. V SCIENCE 2021-2022

STUDY SHEET – 2 (Pages – 6)

Name: ____________________________ Roll No. _______ Date: ___________

THE WAY WE SEE THINGS

Strictly For Private Internal Circulation only

Translucent Object: Objects which

Opaque object: Object, which do not

Light bounces at an angle just like the ball here

When light from sun falls on a

The Moon does not give off its

uses mirrors. It allows you to see over the top of

something. This is how a periscope works.

Submariners use a periscope to see what is on the

surface of the sea.

b) A security mirror in a shop.

c) A rear view mirror in a car.

d) Mirrors also help us to see

around corners for e.g. A safety

mirror on a bend in the road.

e) Dentists and doctors use them to

see into difficult places. For example,

a dentist uses ‘Dentist’s mirror’ to be

Strictly For Private Internal Circulation only

LIGHT CHANGES DIRECTION

An throws the ball straight down. An throws the ball at an angle.

objects having smooth surface Reflection of light from even surface

Strictly For Private Internal Circulation only

E.g. When you look in a mirror the mirror

Reflection in the mirror

E.g. White or bright surfaces also reflect light well.

Strictly For Private Internal Circulation only

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Name: ________________________ Roll No. _ Date: _________