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Introduction to
Computing and
Programming
TM
in Python
A MULTIMEDIA APPROACH
Fourth Edition
Global Edition
MICROSOFT AND/OR ITS RESPECTIVE SUPPLIERS MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS ABOUT THE SUITABILITY OF THE INFORMATION
CONTAINED IN THE DOCUMENTS AND RELATED GRAPHICS PUBLISHED AS PART OF THE SERVICES FOR ANY PURPOSE. ALL SUCH
DOCUMENTS AND RELATED GRAPHICS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. MICROSOFT AND/OR ITS
RESPECTIVE SUPPLIERS HEREBY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS WITH REGARD TO THIS INFORMATION,
INCLUDING ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL MICROSOFT AND/OR ITS RESPECTIVE
SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING
FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION,
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM THE SERVICES. THE
DOCUMENTS AND RELATED GRAPHICS CONTAINED HEREIN COULD INCLUDE TECHNICAL INACCURACIES OR TYPOGRAPHICAL
ERRORS. CHANGES ARE PERIODICALLY ADDED TO THE INFORMATION HEREIN. MICROSOFT AND/OR ITS RESPECTIVE SUPPLIERS
MAY MAKE IMPROVEMENTS AND/OR CHANGES IN THE PRODUCT(S) AND/OR THE PROGRAM(S) DESCRIBED HEREIN AT ANY TIME.
PARTIAL SCREEN SHOTS MAY BE VIEWED IN FULL WITHIN THE SOFTWARE VERSION SPECIFIED.
The rights of Mark J. Guzdial and Barbara Ericson to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Authorized adaptation from the United States edition, entitled Introduction to Computing and Programming in Python™ : A Multimedia Approach, Fourth
Edition, ISBN 9780134025544, by Mark J. Guzdial and Barbara Ericson published by Pearson Education © 2016.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior written permission of the publisher or a license permitting restricted copying in
the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6−10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS.
All trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. The use of any trademark in this text does not vest in the author or publisher any
trademark ownership rights in such trademarks, nor does the use of such trademarks imply any affiliation with or endorsement of this book by such owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 INTRODUCTION 25
1 Introduction to Computer Science and Media
Computation 27
1.1 What Is Computer Science About? 27
1.2 Programming Languages 30
1.3 What Computers Understand 33
1.4 Media Computation: Why Digitize Media? 35
1.5 Computer Science for Everyone 37
1.5.1 It’s About Communication 37
1.5.2 It’s About Process 37
1.5.3 You Will Probably Need It 38
2 Introduction to Programming 42
2.1 Programming Is About Naming 42
2.1.1 Files and Their Names 44
2.2 Programming in Python 45
2.3 Programming in JES 46
2.4 Media Computation in JES 47
2.4.1 Showing a Picture 51
2.4.2 Playing a Sound 54
2.4.3 Naming Values 54
2.5 Making a Program 57
2.5.1 Functions: Real Math-Like Functions That Take
Input 61
6 Contents
2 SOUND 225
7 Modifying Sounds Using Loops 227
7.1 How Sound Is Encoded 227
7.1.1 The Physics of Sound 227
7.1.2 Investigating Different Sounds 230
7.1.3 Encoding the Sound 235
7.1.4 Binary Numbers and Two’s Complement 236
7.1.5 Storing Digitized Sounds 237
7.2 Manipulating Sounds 239
7.2.1 Open Sounds and Manipulating Samples 239
7.2.2 Using the JES MediaTools 242
7.2.3 Looping 243
7.3 Changing the Volume of Sounds 244
8 Contents
4 MOVIES 407
14 Creating and Modifying Movies 409
14.1 Generating Animations 410
14.2 Working with Video Source 419
14.2.1 Video Manipulating Examples 419
14.3 Building a Video Effect Bottom-Up 423
15 Speed 430
15.1 Focusing on Computer Science 430
15.2 What Makes Programs Fast? 430
15.2.1 What Computers Really Understand 431
15.2.2 Compilers and Interpreters 432
15.2.3 What Limits Computer Speed? 436
15.2.4 Does It Really Make a Difference? 438
15.2.5 Making Searching Faster 441
15.2.6 Algorithms That Never Finish or Can’t Be Written 443
15.2.7 Why Is Photoshop Faster than JES? 444
15.3 What Makes a Computer Fast? 444
15.3.1 Clock Rates and Actual Computation 445
15.3.2 Storage: What Makes a Computer Slow? 446
15.3.3 Display 447
Contents 11
APPENDIX 506
A Quick Reference to Python 506
A.1 Variables 506
A.2 Function Creation 507
A.3 Loops and Conditionals 507
A.4 Operators and Representation Functions 508
A.5 Numeric Functions 509
A.6 Sequence Operations 509
A.7 String Escapes 509
12 Contents
Bibliography 512
Index 515
Preface for the
Fourth Edition
We started Media Computation in the of Summer 2002, and taught it for the first time
in Spring 2003. It’s now over ten years later, which is a good time to summarize the
changes across the second, third, and fourth editions.
Media Computation has been used successfully in an undergraduate course at Geor-
gia Tech for the last dozen years. The course continues to have high retention rates (over
85% of students complete the class with a passing grade), and is majority female. Both
students and teachers report enjoying the course, which is an important recommendation
for it.
Researchers have found that Media Computation works in a variety of contexts.
The University of Illinois-Chicago had the first Media Computation paper outside of
Georgia, and they showed how switching to MediaComp improved their retention
rates in classes that were much more diverse than those at Georgia Tech [41]. The
University of California-San Diego adopted Media Computation as part of a big change
in their introductory course, where they also started using pair-programming and peer
instruction. Their paper at the 2013 SIGCSE Symposium showed how these changes
led to dramatic improvements in student retention, even measured a year later in the
Sophomore year. The paper also won the Best Paper award at the conference [27].
It’s been particularly delightful to see Media Computation adopted and adapted for
new settings, like Cynthia Bailey Lee’s creation of a MATLAB Media Computation
curriculum [12].
Mark wrote a paper in 2013, summarizing ten years of Media Computation research.
Media Computation does often improve retention. Our detailed interview studies with
female students supports the claim that they find the approach to be creative and engag-
ing, and that’s what keeps the students in the class. That paper won the Best Paper award
at the 2013 International Computing Education Research (ICER) Conference [33].
• Let the students be creative. The most successful Media Computation classes
use open-ended assignments that let the students choose what media they use.
For example, a collage assignment might specify the use of particular filters and
compositions, but allow for the student to choose exactly what pictures are used.
These assignments often lead to the students putting in a lot more time to get just
the look that they wanted, and that extra time can lead to improved learning.
14 Preface for the Fourth Edition
• Let the students share what they produce. Students can produce some beautiful
pictures, sounds, and movies using Media Computation. Those products are more
motivating for the students when they get to share them with others. Some schools
provide online spaces where students can post and share their products. Other
schools have even printed student work and held an art gallery.
• Code live in front of the class. The best part of the teacher actually typing in code
in front of the class is that nobody can code for long in front of an audience and
not make a mistake. When the teacher makes a mistake and fixes it, the students
see (a) that errors are expected and (b) there is a process for fixing them. Coding
live when you are producing images and sounds is fun, and can lead to unexpected
results and the opportunity to explore, “How did that happen?”
• Pair programming leads to better learning and retention. The research results on
pair programming are tremendous. Classes that use pair programming have better
retention results, and the students learn more.
• Peer instruction is great. Not only does peer instruction lead to better learning
and retention outcomes, but it also gives the teacher better feedback on what the
students are learning and what they are struggling with. We strongly encourage
the use of peer instruction in computing classes.
• Worked examples help with creativity learning. Most computer science classes
do not provide anywhere nearly enough worked-out examples for students to
learn from. Students like to learn from examples. One of the benefits of Media
Computation is that we provide a lot of examples (we’ve never tried to count the
number of for and if statements in the book!), and it’s easy to produce more
of them. In class, we do an activity where we hand out example programs, then
show a particular effect. We ask pairs or groups of students to figure out which
program generated that effect. The students talk about code, and study a bunch of
examples.
AP CS PRINCIPLES
The Advanced Placement exam in CS Principles1 has now been defined. We have
explicitly written the fourth edition with CS Principles in mind. For example, we show
how to measure the speed of a program empirically in order to contrast two algorithms
(Learning Objective 4.2.4), and we explore multiple ways of analyzing CSV data from
the Internet (Learning Objectives 3.1.1, 3.2.1, and 3.2.2).
Overall, we address the CS Principles learning objectives explicitly in this book as
shown below:
• In Big Idea I: Creativity:
• LO 1.1.1: . . . use computing tools and techniques to create artifacts.
• LO 1.2.1: . . . use computing tools and techniques for creative expression.
1
http://apcsprinciples.org
Preface for the Fourth Edition 15
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Our sincere thanks go out to all our reviewers and bug-finders:
• At the top of the list is Susan Schwarz of the US Military Academy at West Point.
Susan runs a large course with many instructors, and pays careful attention to
what’s going in all of the sections of the course. She turned that attention on
the third edition of this book. She caught many bugs, and gave us lots of useful
feedback. Thanks, Susan!
2
http://home.cc.gatech.edu/mediaComp and http://www.mediacomputation.org
Preface for the Fourth Edition 17
• Our other bug finders for the book were John Rutkiewicz, U. Massachusetts–
Dartmouth; Brian Dorn, U. Nebraska–Omaha; Dave Largent, Ball State Univer-
sity; Simon, University of Newcastle; Eva Heinrich, Massey University; Peter
J. DePasquale, The College of New Jersey, and Bill Leahy, Georgia Institute of
Technology.
• Matthew Frazier, North Carolina State University, worked with us in the summer
of 2014 to create a new version of JES – fixing many bugs, and improving JES
considerably.
• We are grateful for the feedback from our book reviewers for the 4th edition:
Andrew Cencini, Bennington College; Susan Fox, Macalester College; Kristin
Lamberty, University of Minnesota-Morris; Jean Smith, Technical College of the
Lowcountry; and William T. Verts, University of Massachusetts-Amherst.
• We are grateful for the input from our book reviewers for the 3rd edition, too:
Joseph Oldham, Centre College; Lukasz Ziarek, Purdue University;Joseph
O’Rourke, Smith College; Atul Prakash, University of Michigan; Noah D. Bar-
nette, Virginia Tech; Adelaida A. Medlock, Drexel University; Susan E. Fox,
Macalester College; Daniel G. Brown, University of Waterloo; Brian A. Malloy,
Clemson University; Renee Renner, California State University, Chico.
(as they tell us in surveys and interviews [6, 18]). The relevant context is part of the
explanation for the success we have had with retention in the Georgia Tech course for
which this book was written.
The late entrance of abstraction isn’t the only unusual ordering in this approach. We
start using arrays and matrices in Chapter 3, in our first significant programs. Typically,
introductory computing courses push arrays off until later, because they are obviously
more complicated than variables with simple values. A relevant and concrete context
is very powerful [19]. We find that students have no problem manipulating matrices of
pixels in a picture.
The rate of students withdrawing from introductory computing courses or receiving
a D or F grade (commonly called the WDF rate) is reported in the 30–50% range or
even higher. A recent international survey of failure rates in introductory computing
courses reported that the average failure rate among 54 U.S. institutions was 33% and
among 17 international institutions was 17% [24]. At Georgia Tech, from 2000 to 2002,
we had an average WDF rate of 28% in the introductory course required for all majors.
We used the first edition of this text in our course Introduction to Media Computation.
Our first pilot offering of the course had 121 students, no computing or engineering
majors, and two-thirds of the students were female. Our WDF rate was 11.5%.
Over the next two years (Spring 2003 to Fall 2005), the average WDF rate at Georgia
Tech (across multiple instructors, and literally thousands of students) was 15% [29].
Actually, the 28% prior WDF rate and 15% current WDF rate are incomparable, since
all majors took the first course and only liberal arts, architecture, and management
majors took the new course. Individual majors have much more dramatic changes.
Management majors, for example, had a 51.5% WDF rate from 1999 to 2003 with the
earlier course, and had a 11.2% failure rate in the first two years of the new course [29].
Since the first edition of this book was published, several other schools have adopted
and adapted this approach and evaluated their result. All of them have reported similar,
dramatic improvements in success rates [4, 42].
Further, it gives us the opportunity to point out that the same algorithm can have
similar effects in different media (e.g., scaling a picture up or down and shifting a
sound higher or lower in pitch are the same algorithm). But it could certainly be
skipped to save time.
• Chapter 12 (on movies) introduces no new programming or computing concepts.
While motivational, movie processing could be skipped to save time.
• We recommend getting to at least some of the chapters in the last unit, in order to
lead students into thinking about computing and programming in a more abstract
manner, but clearly not all of the chapters have to be covered.
TYPOGRAPHICAL NOTATIONS
Examples of Python code look like this: x = x + 1. Longer examples look like this:
def helloWorld():
print "Hello, world!"
When showing something that the user types in with Python’s response, it will have
a similar font and style, but the user’s typing will appear after a Python prompt (>>>):
>>> print 3 + 4
7
User interface components of JES (Jython Environment for Students) will be spec-
ified using a small caps font, like Save menu item and the Load button.
There are several special kinds of sidebars that you’ll find in the book.
INSTRUCTOR RESOURCES
The instructor resources are available on the Pearson Education’s Instructor Resource
Center at www.pearsonglobaleditions.com/guzdial:
• PowerPoint Presentation slides
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Our sincere thanks go out to the following:
• Jason Ergle, Claire Bailey, David Raines, and Joshua Sklare, who made the initial
version of JES with surprising quality in an amazingly short amount of time. Over
the years, Adam Wilson, Larry Olson, Yu Cheung (Toby) Ho, Eric Mickley, Keith
McDermott, Ellie Harmon, Timmy Douglas, Alex Rudnick, Brian O’Neill, and
William Fredrick (Buck) Scharfnorth III have made JES into the useful and still
understandable tool that it is today.
• Adam Wilson built the MediaTools that are so useful for exploring sounds and
images and processing video.
• Andrea Forte, Mark Richman, Matt Wallace, Alisa Bandlow, Derek Chambless,
Larry Olson, and David Rennie helped build course materials. Derek, Mark, and
Matt created many example programs.
• There were several people who really made the effort come together at Georgia
Tech. Bob McMath, Vice-Provost at Georgia Tech, and Jim Foley, Associate Dean
for Education in the College of Computing, invested in this effort early on. Kurt
Eiselt worked hard to make this effort real, convincing others to take it seriously.
Janet Kolodner and Aaron Bobick were excited and encouraging about the idea
of media computation for students new to computer science. Jeff Pierce reviewed
Preface to the First Edition 23
and advised us on the design of the media functions used in the book. Aaron
Lanterman gave me lots of advice on how to convey the digital material content
accurately. Joan Morton, Chrissy Hendricks, David White, and all the staff of the
GVU Center made sure that we had what we needed and that the details were
handled to make this effort come together. Amy Bruckman and Eugene Guzdial
bought Mark time to get the final version completed.
• We are grateful to Colin Potts and Monica Sweat who have taught this class at
Georgia Tech and given us many insights about the course.
• Charles Fowler was the first person outside of Georgia Tech willing to take the
gamble and trial the course in his own institution (Gainesville College), for which
we’re very grateful.
• The pilot course offered in Spring 2003 at Georgia Tech was very important in
helping us improve the course. Andrea Forte, Rachel Fithian, and Lauren Rich did
the assessment of the pilot offering of the course, which was incredibly valuable in
helping us understand what worked and what didn’t. The first teaching assistants
(Jim Gruen, Angela Liang, Larry Olson, Matt Wallace, Adam Wilson, and Jose
Zagal) did a lot to help create this approach. Blair MacIntyre, Colin Potts, and
Monica Sweat helped make the materials easier for others to adopt. Jochen Rick
made the CoWeb/Swiki a great place for CS1315 students to hang out.
• Many students pointed out errors and made suggestions to improve the book.
Thanks to Catherine Billiris, Jennifer Blake, Karin Bowman, Maryam Doroudi,
Suzannah Gill, Baillie Homire, Jonathan Laing, Mireille Murad, Michael Shaw,
Summar Shoaib, and especially Jonathan Longhitano, who has a real flair for
copyediting.
• Thanks to former Media Computation students Constantino Kombosch, Joseph
Clark, and Shannon Joiner for permission to use their snapshots from class in
examples.
• The research work that led to this text was supported by grants from the National
Science Foundation—from the Division of Undergraduate Education, CCLI pro-
gram, and from the CISE Educational Innovations program. Thank you for the
support.
• Thanks to computing students Anthony Thomas, Celines Rivera, and Carolina
Gomez for allowing us to use their pictures.
• Finally but most important, thanks to our children Matthew, Katherine, and Jennifer
Guzdial, who allowed themselves to be photographed and recorded for Mommy
and Daddy’s media project and who were supportive and excited about the class.
3
http://www.ecepalliance.org
PART
1 INTRODUCTION
1 to Computer Science
and Media Computation
1.1 WHAT IS COMPUTER SCIENCE ABOUT?
To use our metaphor a bit more—think of an algorithm as the step-by-step way that
your grandmother made her secret recipe. She always did it the same way, and had a
28 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Science and Media Computation
reliably great result. Writing it down so that you can read it and do it later is like turning
her algorithm into a program for you. You execute the recipe by doing it—following
the recipe step-by-step in order to create something the way that your grandmother did.
If you give the recipe to someone else who can read the language of the recipe (maybe
English or French), then you have communicated that process to that other person, and
the other person can similarly execute the recipe to make something the way that your
grandmother did.
If you’re a biologist who wants to describe how migration works or how DNA
replicates, then being able to write a recipe that specifies exactly what happens, in
terms that can be completely defined and understood, is very useful. The same is true
if you’re a chemist who wants to explain how equilibrium is reached in a reaction.
A factory manager can define a machine-and-belt layout and even test how it works—
before physically moving heavy things into position—using computer programs. Being
able to exactly define tasks and/or simulate events is a major reason why computers
have radically changed so much of how science is done and understood.
In fact, if you can’t write a recipe for some process, maybe you don’t really under-
stand the process, or maybe the process can’t actually work the way that you are thinking
about it. Sometimes, trying to write the recipe is a test in itself. Now, sometimes you
can’t write the recipe because the process is one of the few that cannot be executed by
a computer. We will talk more about those in Chapter 14.
It may sound funny to call programs a recipe, but the analogy goes a long way. Much
of what computer scientists study can be defined in terms of recipes.
• Some computer scientists study how recipes are written: Are there better or worse
ways of doing something? If you’ve ever had to separate egg whites from yolks, you
realize that knowing the right way to do it makes a world of difference. Computer
science theoreticians think about the fastest and shortest recipes, and the ones that
take up the least amount of space (you can think about it as counter space—the
analogy works), or even use the least amount of energy (which is important when
running on low-power devices like cell phones). How a recipe works, completely
apart from how it’s written (e.g., in a program), is called the study of algorithms.
Software engineers think about how large groups can put together recipes that still
work. (Some programs, like the ones that keep track of credit card transactions,
have literally millions of steps!) The term software means a collection of computer
programs (recipes) that accomplish a task.
• Other computer scientists study the units used in recipes. Does it matter whether
a recipe uses metric or English measurements? The recipe may work in either
case, but if you don’t know what a pound or a cup is, the recipe is a lot less
understandable to you. There are also units that make sense for some tasks and
not others, but if you can fit the units to the tasks, you can explain yourself more
easily and get things done faster—and avoid errors. Ever wonder why ships at
sea measure their speed in knots? Why not use something like meters per second?
Sometimes, in certain special situations—on a ship at sea, for instance—the more
common terms aren’t appropriate or don’t work as well. Or we may invent new
kinds of units, like a unit that represents a whole other program or a computer, or
Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
The Project Gutenberg eBook of Ronda tanár ur
(regény)
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States
and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where
you are located before using this eBook.
Language: Hungarian
RONDA TANÁR UR
(REGÉNY)
FORDITOTTA:
KOSZTOLÁNYI DEZSŐ
1914
TEVAN-KIADÁS BÉKÉSCSABA
TEVAN ADOLF KÖNYVNYOMDÁJA BÉKÉSCSABA
I.
Mivel a neve Gonda volt, az egész iskola csak ugy hivta, hogy
Ronda. A többi professzor időnként változtatta a csufnevét. Uj
diákcsapat került egy-egy osztályba, vérszomjas tekintettel
felfedezte valamelyik tanárnak az elmult esztendőben még nem
eléggé méltányolt kómikus tulajdonságát és kiméletlenül csufnevet
adott neki. Ronda azonban már sok generáción keresztül viselte a
magáét, az egész város igy nevezte, a kollégái is igy hivták, a
gimnáziumban és a gimnáziumon kivül a háta mögött. Azok a
tanárok, akik kosztos-diákokat vagy privátosokat tartottak, naponta
beszéltek növendékeik előtt Ronda tanár urról. De az a megfigyelő,
aki a hetedik osztály osztályfőnökén valami ujat akart volna
észrevenni és egy uj nevet akart volna adni neki, sohase érte el a
célját; már csak azért sem, mert az öreg tanár rég megszokott
csufneve olyan brilliánsul hatott, mint huszonhat esztendővel ezelőtt.
Mikor az iskola udvarán keresztül ment, az egyik diák átkiabált a
másiknak:
– Nem érzed, milyen ronda szag van itt?
Vagy:
– Phü, micsoda ronda bogár!
És azonnal hevesen rángani kezdett az öreg válla, mindig a jobb
válla és ferde-zöld tekintetet vetett pápaszeme mögül, amely tele
volt sanda félelemmel és boszuvággyal: egy rossz lelkiismeretü
zsarnok pillantása volt ez, aki köpenyek redőiben elrejtett tőrök után
szaglász. Gyér sárgásszürke szőrökkel fedett merev álla fel és
lebillent. Semmit sem tudott »bizonyitani« a kiabáló fiura és szó
nélkül kellett elódalognia, cingár és mégis trotyakos lábszáraival,
zsiros karimáju kőmüves kalapjával.
Tavaly, amikor jubileumát ülte, a gimnázium fáklyásmenetet
rendezett a tiszteletére. Ronda kiment a lakása erkélyére és
beszédet mondott. Mig minden fej meredt nyakkal bámult a
magasba, hogy hallja, hirtelen valami kellemetlen, nyivákoló hang
szólalt meg:
– Phü, de ronda szag van itt!
Mások ismételték:
– Phü, de ronda szag van itt!
– Phü, de ronda szag!
A professzor odafent elkezdett dadogni – bár előre sejtette az
incidenset – és valamennyi orditónak jól belelátott a tátott szájába. A
többi tanár ur a közelben állott; ő pedig érezte, hogy ujra nem tud
semmit »bizonyitani«; de az összes neveket beirta a fekete könyvbe.
És másnap a nyivákoló hang tulajdonosát – mert szegény nem
tudta, hol született az orleánsi szüz – jóindulatuan biztositotta, hogy
még sok kellemetlenséget szerez neki ebben az életben.
És csakugyan, Kieselackot nem engedte át a vizsgán. Vele
együtt hasaltak el mindazok, akik azon az emlékezetes jubileumi
estén orditoztak. Igy Ertzum is. Lohmann azonban nem orditott,
mégis megbukott. Az egyik a hanyagságával, a másik a
tehetségtelenségével segitette Ronda boszuját.
Félévvel később, egy őszi délelőtt 11 órakor, tiz perc alatt –
mielőtt iskolai dolgozatot irtunk volna az orleánsi szüzről – történt,
hogy Ertzum, aki még mindig nem tudott közelebb férkőzni a
szüzhöz és egy előrelátott katasztrófától félt, kétségbeesésében
felrántotta az ablakot és nyivákoló hangon – csak ugy találomra –
kiorditotta a ködbe:
– Ronda!
Nem tudta, hogy a tanár ur a közelben van-e és nem is törődött
vele. A szegény vállas vidéki kamaszt elragadta a szenvedélye,
hogy még egyszer utóljára egy pillanatra recsegtesse hangját,
mielőtt két óra hosszat kuporog egy üres fehér lap előtt, amelyet neki
kell majd – ugyancsak üres koponyája segitségével – szavakkal tele
szántani.
Véletlenül Ronda csakugyan akkor ment keresztül az udvaron.
Mikor meghallotta a kiáltást, félreugrott. Fent a ködben felismerte
Ertzum tömzsi körvonalait. Egyetlen diák se volt lent az udvaron,
senkinek sem szólhatott Ertzum kiáltása.
– Most az egyszer – gondolta magában kárörömmel Ronda –
engem értett. Most az egyszer tetten értem.
Öt ugrással felrohant a lépcsőn, kitárta az osztály ajtaját,
keresztül rontott a padok között és rápattant a katedrára. Itt
reszketve megállott, fuldokolt, lélekzetet kellett vennie. A diákok
felállottak, hogy üdvözöljék, a fülsiketitő lárma egy pillanat alatt
bénult némasággá változott. Ugy tekintették az osztályfőnöküket,
mint egy közveszélyes állatot, akit sajnos, lebunkózni nem lehet, sőt,
aki rövid ideig veszedelmes fölényt nyert rajtuk. Ronda melle
hevesen zihált; végül vésztjósló hangon kibökte:
– Az imént ujból hallottam egy bizonyos szót, valaki felém
kiáltotta, egy jelzőt – egy nevet, amelyet egyáltalán nem türök. Nem
türöm, hogy olyan valaki, mint ön, akinek jellemét és tudását sajnos,
nagyon is van szerencsém ismerni, engem gyalázatos csufnévvel
illessen. Nem türöm, érti, nem türöm. Az ön elvetemültsége Ertzum
határtalan, de biztositom, hogy megtanitom keztyübe dudálni. Még
ma jelentést teszek az igazgató urnak és ami engem illet, minden
befolyásomat latba vetem, – jól jegyezzük meg – hogy az intézet
legalább az emberiség ilyen söpredékétől megtisztittassék.
Utána ledobta válláról a köpenyét és igy hörgött:
– Leülni!
Az osztály leült, csupán Ertzum maradt állva. Vastag, szeplős
feje most oly tüzvörös volt, mint sörtéi, a feje bubján. Valamit akart
mondani, többször pedzette, de benne rekedt a szó. Végre kinyögte:
– Nem én voltam, tanár ur kérem.
Több hang támogatta őt, áldozatkészen és barátian:
– Nem ő volt, tanár ur kérem.
Ronda felhördült:
– Csend legyen!… És ön, Ertzum, jegyezze meg, hogy már volt
egy éppen ilyen nevü ember – nemde, ugyebár – akinek a pályáját
hátráltattam és azt is jegyezze meg, hogy az ön további
előmenetelét ha nem is lehetetlenné, de mint annak idején a
nagybátyjáét, kinos-keservessé fogom tenni. Maga tiszt akar lenni,
ugy-e Ertzum? A nagybátyja is az akart lenni. Mivel azonban az
előirt tananyagot sohasem tudta sikeresen befejezni és az egy évi
önkéntesi szolgálathoz szükséges érettségi bizonyitványt – ennek
következéseképpen és folytán – sokáig nem kapta meg, afféle
svindli-gimnáziumba ment, ahol szintén megbukhatott és később
csak őfelsége legmagasabb kegyelme folytán lehetett tiszt, bár – ugy
látszik – ezt a pályát is hamar abba kellett hagynia. Nos tehát!
Ugyanez a sors, legalább is hasonló sors vár önre is, Ertzum. Sok
szerencsét hozzá! Egyébként a véleményem az ön egész
familiájáról Ertzum, már tizenöt esztendeje megvan és nem
változott… Mivel pedig –
Itt Ronda hangja siri karaktert öltött.
– Ön szellemtelen fajankó, meg se érdemli, hogy foglalkozzék
annak a magasztos szüznek az alakjával, akire most áttérünk:
takarodjék innen, ki a dutyiba!
Von Ertzum, aki kissé nehézfejü volt, még mindig figyelt, ámult-
bámult, hogy mit akar. Észre se vette, hogy a megfeszitett figyeléstől
állkapcsával öntudatlanul utánozta a professzor állának a
mozdulatait. Ronda álla, amelynek felső részéből több sárgás tüske
meredezett kifelé, ugy forgott a két feszes szájszöglet között, mintha
tengelyen keringene, a nyála pedig egész az első padig fröccsent.
Orditani kezdett:
– Még merészkedik, szemtelen kölyök!… Takarodjék ki –
mondtam már – ki a dutyiba!
Ertzum riadtan szédült ki a padból. Kieselsack odasugott neki:
– Vigyázz.
Lohmann fojtott hangon bátoritotta:
– Ne félj, majd elbánunk vele.
Az elitélt a katedra előtt ódalgott a kis helyiségbe, amely az
osztály ruhatárául szolgált és vak sötétség uralkodott benne. Ronda
megkönnyebbülten sóhajtott fel, amikor az ajtó a vállas legény
mögött becsukódott.
– Most pedig igyekezzünk pótolni, a mulasztott időt, mondta,
amelyet ez a lurkó ellopott tőlünk. Angst, itt van a feladat, fogja, irja a
táblára.
Az eminens fogta a cédulát, közellátó szemeihez emelte és
lassan nekifogott az irásnak. Valamennyien izgalmas várakozással
lesték, hogy milyen betük támadnak a kréta nyomán. Minden ettől
függött. Ha olyan jelenetről lesz szó, amelyet véletlenül sohasem
»vettek át«, akkor egyiknek sincs »dunsztja« a dologról és akkor
»benne vannak a pácban«, Babonából már előre mondogatták, még
mielőtt a betük a táblán kialakultak volna:
– Boldog Isten, dacit kapok.
Végre felirta:
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