Microbial-Diversity-Eukarya-Microbes

MICROBIAL DIVERSITY
PART 2: EUKARYOTIC MICROBES

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
Prepared by: Ms. Lhea Mae B. Edang

EUKARYOTIC
MICROBES
Characteristics and Classifications
Eukaryotic microbes include some species of :
• algae
• fungi
• protozoa
• lichens
• slime molds.
Algae Fungi
Protozoa Lichens
Slime Molds
ALGAE
 are photosynthetic, eukaryotic  In addition, some algal cells have pellicle (a thickened
organism that, together with cell membrane), stigma (a lightsensing organelle, also
protozoa, are classified in the second known as an eyespot), and flagella.
kingdom (Protista) of the five
kingdom of classification.  Although they are not plants, algae are more plantlike
 Phycology (algology) – study of algae than protozoa.
 Phycologist (algologist) – a person  Algae range in size from tiny, unicellular, microscopic
who studies algae organisms (e.g., diatoms, dinoflagellates and desmids)
 All algal cells consist of a cytoplasm, a to large, multicellular, plantlike seaweeds.
cell wall, a cell membrane, a nucleus,  Not all algae are microorganisms
plastids, ribosomes, mitochondria and
golgi bodies.  Algae produce their energy by photosynthesis
 Most algal cell wall contain cellulose
EXAMPLE OF ALGAE
1. Diatoms – tiny, usually unicellular
algae that live in both freshwater and
seawater. Important members of
phytoplankton
EXAMPLE OF ALGAE
1. Dinoflagellates
– are microscopic,
unicellular,
flagellated often
photosynthetic
algae. Responsible
for what is known
as “red tides”
PROTOZOA
 Protozoa – are eukaryotic  Most protozoa are unicellular
organisms that, together with  Most of them are free-living
algae, are classified in the second organisms found in soil and water.
kingdom of the five kingdom  Animal-like
system of classification.  Have no chlorophyll and cannot
 Protozoology – study of protozoa make their own food by
photosynthesis
 Protozoologist – a person who
 Do not have cell wall, but some
studies protozoa - possess pellicles
EXAMPLES
OF
PROTOZOA
AMOEBIASIS
DISEASE
 EntamoebaCAUSING
histolytica = onePROTOZOA
medically important ameba which
causes amebic dysentery and
extraintestinal amebic abscesses.
PRIMARY AMEBIC
MENINGOENCEPHALITIS
(PAM)
 Naegleria fowleri = causative agent
of primary amebic
meningoencephalitis
AFRICAN
SLEEPING
SICKNESS
 Trypanosoma brucei
= transmitted by
tsetse fly, causes
African sleeping
sickness
TRICHOMONIASIS
CHAGAS DIESEASE
Trichomonas vaginalis = causes
 Trypanosoma cruzi = causes persistent sexually transmitted
American trypanosomiasis infections of the male and female
genital tracts
FUNGI
 Fungi – are a diverse group that are now classified across
three-kingdoms. Those that are pathogenic to humans and
animals are placed in the Kingdom Fungi (also called
eumycota)
 Mycology – study of fungi
 Mycologists – person who studies fungi
 Saprophytic fungi – living on organic matter in water and soil
 Parasitic fungi – living on and within animals and plants
 Beneficial fungi – important in the production of cheeses,

beer, wine and other foods a swell as certain drugs (the
immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine), antibiotics (penicillin).
1. YEASTS – are eukaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack mycelia.
DISEASE CAUSING PROTOZOA
▪ C. albicans and C. neoformans are examples of yeast that cause human
infection.
 Candidiasis is a fungal infection  Cryptococcosis is a pulmonary or

caused by an overgrowth of a type disseminated infection acquired by inhalation
of yeast that lives on your of soil contaminated with the encapsulated
body (Candida albicans) yeasts Cryptococcus neoformans or C. gattii.
I. MOULDS – fungi often seen in water and soil and on food.
DISEASE
▪ P. infestans =CAUSING PROTOZOA
potato blight mold that caused a famine in Ireland
 Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most

devastating disease of potatoes and one of the most devastating plant
diseases of any crop.
LICHENS
 Lichens – appear as colored often  Symbionts – partners in the
circular patches on tree trunks and relationship A lichen represents a
rocks. particular type of relationship
 Is a combination of two or three known as mutualism.
organisms: an alga (or  Lichens are classified as protists.
cyanobacterium), a fungus and a yeast.  foliose lichens: leaflike, crustose
 Symbiotic relationship – close lichens: crusty, fructicose lichens:
relationship shrubby
SLIME MOLDS
 Slime molds – found in soil and on rotting logs, have both fungal
and protozoal characteristics and have recently been transferred
out of the Kingdom Fungi and placed in the Kingdom Protozoa.
 Have a very complex life cycle, initially starting as an ameba, but
progressing into a multicellular organism.
 They are not known to cause human disease.

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MICROBIAL DIVERSITY

PART 2: EUKARYOTIC MICROBES

Prepared by: Ms. Lhea Mae B. Edang

 Mycology – study of fungi

 Mycologists – person who studies fungi

 Saprophytic fungi – living on organic matter in water and soil

 Parasitic fungi – living on and within animals and plants

 Beneficial fungi – important in the production of cheeses,

 Candidiasis is a fungal infection  Cryptococcosis is a pulmonary or

 Potato late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans is the most

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