Class 11. Bioremediation

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES & LIFE SCIENCES
Jyoti Kumari
Department of Biotechnology
Bioremediation
Jyoti Kumari
Bioremediation
• The use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced

microorganisms to consume and break down environmental
pollutants, in order to clean a polluted site
• Employs the microorganisms, to degrade the pollutants and
convert them into less toxic or non-toxic form
• The suitable organisms can be bacteria, fungi, or plants, which
have the physiological abilities to degrade, detoxify, or render the
contaminants harmless.
• Biological method of remediation is an extremely attractive,
important, and productive alternative for cleaning, debugging,
managing, and rehabilitating and consequently ameliorating
contaminated environments via judicious utilization of microbial
activities
Bioremediation
• Bioremediation technologies can be classified into two general

categories: ex situ and in situ
• The ex situ techniques require the physical removal of the
contaminated material and its transportation to another area
for further treatment by bioreactors, land farming, or
composting, whereas in situ technologies involve treatment of
contaminated material in place
Bioremediation
https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/937186/fsoil-02-937186-HTML/image_m/fsoil-02-937186-g003.jpg
Bioremediation
https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/937186/fsoil-02-937186-HTML/image_m/fsoil-02-937186-g003.jpg
Bioremediation
Bioaugmentation Addition of bacterial cultures to a contaminated

medium; frequently used in bioreactors and ex
situ systems
Biostimulation Stimulation of indigenous microbial populations in

soils or groundwater by adding nutrients to the
existing bacteria; which can be performed either in
situ or ex situ
Bioreactors Biodegradation in a container or reactor; may be
used to treat several liquid wastes or slurries but
relatively high capital and operational cost
Bioremediation
Bioventing Method of treating contaminated soils by drawing

oxygen through the soil to stimulate microbial growth
and activity
Composting Aerobic, thermophilic treatment process; can be

performed by using static piles, aerated piles, or
continuously fed reactors; extended treatment time
Land farming Solid-phase treatment system for contaminated soils;

may be performed in situ or in a constructed soil
treatment cell; cost-efficient
Bioremediation
• Most bioremediation systems operate under aerobic

conditions; however, anaerobic conditions are also
applicable, thus enabling the degradation of recalcitrant
molecules by using specific microorganisms
• Mainly microorganisms, microbial or plants or its enzymes
are used to detoxify contaminants in the soil and other
environments
Bioremediation
• Bioremediation, as a technique, can offer several advantages over

other more conventional treatment methods
• Firstly, bioremediation, as a natural process for the treatment of
wastes, is usually acceptable
• Suitable microbial populations can degrade a wide range of
contaminants, rendering a hazardous compound to a harmless one
Bioremediation
• Eventually, the residues of the treatment may include

simpler compounds, such as carbon dioxide or water, but
also cell biomass
• The potential threats to human health and to the
environment are minimal
Bioremediation
• Bioremediation, like any other technology, has certain

disadvantages
• In particular, it is limited only to those compounds that are
biodegradable
• The effectiveness of bioremediation is highly susceptible to the
microbial growth and other environmental parameters of the site
• Bioremediation often requires more time than other treatment
options
Bioremediation
• Examples of bioremediation:
• Exxon Valdez spill, Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1989
• Deepwater Horizon oil spill, Gulf of Mexico, 2010
Bioremediation
Exxon Valdez spill
Image source: RGB Ventures

Bioremediation
Exxon Valdez spill

Prof. Chakrabarty genetically
engineered a new species
of Pseudomonas bacteria
("the oil-eating bacteria") in 1971
while working for the Research &
Development Center at General
Electric Company in Schenectady,
New York.

Bioremediation

PHYTOREMEDIATION
Phytoremediation is a bioremediation process that uses

various types of plants to remove, transfer, stabilize, and/or
destroy contaminants in the soil and groundwater. There are
several different types of phytoremediation mechanisms.
PHYTOREMEDIATION
PHYTOREMEDIATION
THANK YOU
Jyoti Kumari
pes1ps22bt005@pesu.pes.edu
+91 6203364966

Class 11. Bioremediation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Class 11. Bioremediation

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Class 11. Bioremediation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES & LIFE SCIENCES

• The use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced

• Bioremediation technologies can be classified into two general

Bioaugmentation Addition of bacterial cultures to a contaminated

Biostimulation Stimulation of indigenous microbial populations in

Bioventing Method of treating contaminated soils by drawing

Composting Aerobic, thermophilic treatment process; can be

Land farming Solid-phase treatment system for contaminated soils;

• Most bioremediation systems operate under aerobic

• Bioremediation, as a technique, can offer several advantages over

• Eventually, the residues of the treatment may include

• Bioremediation, like any other technology, has certain

Exxon Valdez spill

Image source: RGB Ventures

Exxon Valdez spill

Image source: RGB Ventures

Image source: RGB Ventures

Phytoremediation is a bioremediation process that uses

You might also like