1. DECLARATION 1
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2
3. INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE 3
4. INTRODUCTION 4-5
7. CONCLUSION 50
DECLARATION
This is to certify that the internship diary which is submitted by me is for the
Internship undertaken from October 10,2024 to November 10,2024 under the
able guidance of Mr. G.K. Chauhan, Senior Advocate at Tis Hazari Courts,
Delhi. During my Internship ,I completed 192 hours, thereby fulfilling the
requirement of the Moot Court, Mock Trial and Internship Course for the
degree of LL.B from Campus Law Centre, Faculty of Law, University of Delhi.
The Internship diary comprises only my general work & due acknowledgement
has been made in the text to all materials used. Neither the same work, nor any
part thereof, has been made submitted to any university for any degree. The
names of the cases I had the opportunity to work on have been changed in
compliance with the Non-disclosure agreement I was made to sign in the
beginning of the internship period.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The internship diary gives an account of all the legal work that I undertook
during my internship period. It is divided in two parts
DAY 1
I entered into the Chamber of Mr G.K. Chauhan , where I was made familiar
with their working style and how I would have to go about the work in future
for a month. I was being told about FIR and its 3 types, i.e. (a) When accused is
not found and hence case gets closed (b) When accused is found guilty and
therefore charge-sheeted or (c) When there is a false report, it is send for
cancellation by the Magistrate/Judge as the case may be. Then, Sir had asked
his assistant to take all interns to a Metropolitan Magistrate’s court no. 150, so
that we can see the proceedings of the court, as Sir was late. There I observed
the judge was dealing with a theft case “State v Untrance”. A woman had
lodged an FIR against an unknown who took her chain from main bazaar
Kashmere Gate. Police was not able to find the accused and hence Mr. Abhilash
Malhotra, MM closed the case after informing the lady and getting her consent.
It was the day when I realized the burden on Judges; they deal with more than
40 cases in a day. If every Judge starts dealing with cases speediously, then
there won’t be left anyone away from justice.
Thereafter, Sir came and he gave a brief about all the cases he was dealing with,
which were pending in the court. Because it was my first day of Internship, he
didn’t want to exhaust me with much work. So he normally explained me my
work which I was to start with from the next day and then I left for home.
Day 2
Firstly, I was asked to read Section 57 and Section 163-175 of Code of Criminal
Procedure and make an analytical report on it, which later on I had presented to
Sir. Thereafter, I was given a bail application so that I can go through it and see
how to draft it. It was in the matter of State v Imran where Imran was caught
red handed while he was trespassing. His bail application got rejected. Sir asked
me to read bail Sections of CrPC to have a better understanding about the
grounds when a bail can be granted and when not. After this I was given a case
file to read, in the matter of:
• Manoj Kumar, a bus driver was arrested for negligently driving a bus under
section 279 read with section 304A of IPC.
• He was arrested after the due procedure of law was followed and an FIR was
registered against it.
• Basing on all the evidences and facts the court convicted the accused.
Day 3
I was asked to read Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Regulation of
livestock market) Rules 2017. There was a recent case of State v Manikram
with which Sir was dealing. Attended hearing in the matter of:
State v. Manikram
• After the due procedure of law, Manikram was arrested and his truck got
sealed.
• Therefore, Sir with Manikram planned to make an appeal against the order.
State v. Akash
This case pertains to the section 307,IPC (attempt to murder) and section
506 ,IPC (Criminal intimidation) alongwith the section 6 of POCSO act
I read the chargesheet ,bail application and its denial by sessions
judge,statement of prosecution under section section 161 and 164 ,CrPC.
After the hearing, I discussed the ‘Sources of Law’ of Anticipatory bail with
Sir. Sir mentioned a few case laws for reading.
Case Laws
Day 4
To have a bit more, better understanding about procedural law and when, what
sections to be used, another case file was given to have a thorough reading, in
the matter of:
• It was a case of appeal to the High court against an order passed by the trial
court which convicted the appellant for the offence of kidnapping undersection
363 and 364 of the Indian Penal Code.
• The prosecution alleges that Sita, the main accused came to the victim’s house
claiming to be a worker. Anita (the victim’s mother) went inside for a minute or
two, when Sita left 10 taking Anita’s one and a half month old son with her in a
vehicle being driven by the appellant.
• Anita filed an FIR in the police station and a sketch of Sita was prepared and
circulated.
• During investigation, the main accused and the appellant were caught. Sita
revealed that she took away the child with an intention to raise him as her own
child. However, the child fell sick and his condition deteriorated every day.
When she realised that his situation was critical she left him and that was the
last time she saw him.
An appeal has been filed by the appellant on the ground that he was not
involved in the kidnapping and had no knowledge of the main accused’s
intention. His job was to take her from one place to another and thus pleads
innocence.
Day 5
Attended hearing in the case of:
Three accused persons namely, Mohan Kumar, Nitin Rana and Jagminder
@Jagga Bhai intentionally collided with the vehicle (i.e. Four Wheeler Honda
City) of complainant Ankit Soni at Gulabi Bagh. The accused persons started
scuffling with the complainant in furtherance to commit robbery with the
complainant but the local public present there came in between and made hold
of accused persons. Complainant dialled 100 and Police was called at the spot
and the complainant was taken to Hospital for medical. After obtaining the
medical report and recording the statement of the complainant an FIR was
registered at P.S. Gulabi Bagh, Delhi. In this matter robbery was attempted but
not done. No article was evolved as the robbed one, and so sections of robbery
were not included in FIR. Now the matter is in court at the stage of prosecution
evidence.
OBSERVATION: All the accused persons were on bail and they were present
before the court with counsel and the matter was fixed for prosecution evidence.
As the complainant was not present, so a next date of hearing was given and
court issued a notice for the appearance of the complainant.
ORDER/JUDGMENT: PENDING
Day 6
Hearing in the matter of:
• The cheques bearing the specific dates & covering the said entire amount
were issued on complainant’s name.
• The accused kept convincing through e-mails and messages not to encash the
cheques on the pretext of giving him monies through cash payment until the
date of encashment lapsed.
• The complainant filed police complaint to the concerned ACP, DCP and the
SHO, but no action was taken by the police. Thus, a complaint u/s 156(3) was
filed. (U/s 405, 406, 415, 416, 420).
The case was listed for arguments and the following was submitted by the Ld.
Counsel of complainant:
1. Investigation was defective. The Investigating officer (IO) merely for the
sake of completing the investigation, called out the complainant one day before
the date of submission of the police report, wrote his statement and submitted
his report without recording, investigating and interrogating the accused.
2. The complainant has reasonable suspicion that the investigation carried out
by the concerned IO has been or is being influenced by the other accused. For
the purpose of fair investigation, a request was made to change the concerned
IO.
3. In the Police Report, The IO submitted that this is purely a civil suit & no
criminal case lies against it. The Ld. Counsel submitted that the accused has
absconded and the complainant is not the only victim whom accused has duped,
others are also cheated by him. The court, therefore, ordered for another
investigation and also reprimanded the concerned Investigation officer. The
Investigating officer has been asked to submit another report in the next hearing.
Day 7
The matter was up in High Court in the case of:
• The Petitioner- Mr. Ahmed Jamal Siddiqui, already a final year student at
Respondent 1 University, applied for various post graduate courses i.e. M.A
public, M.A (HRM), M.Sc. (Chemistry), M.Sc. (Maths with CS) & MCA, by
filling up online application form believing that he has entered all the details
correctly.
• When the result of M.Sc (Mathematics with Computer Science) was declared,
he came to know of his category which was marked Kashmiri Migrant. The
bona fide mistake could be attributed to some technical glitch of scrolling up
and down at the time of filling of online form.
• It was completely an inadvertent and bona fide mistake as he also marked his
category a general category for admission purposes.
• The Petitioner had also filed an RTI to know the status of the application, but
no reply was tendered.
The whole day went in High Court, presenting the writ petition. I didn’t get
chance to draft the petition of course as I am not a professional advocate right
now but I read the petition.
Day 8
Hearing in the matter of:
• Wife of accused namely Roshni committed suicide and she left behind a
suicide note in which she has written the name of his husband Deepak
Chaudhary.
• On the basis of the suicide note, sister of the deceased registered an FIR.
OBSERVATION:
• Matter was fixed for arguments on charge under section 498A, Section 304B,
Section 306 of IPC.
• The charges were altered as the suicide note did not have any allegations of
dowry demand.
CROSS EXAMINATION
• The case of cheating and dishonestly inducing the delivery of property against
the accused person was tried under section 406/420 of IPC 1860.
• The accused was alleged to flew away with amount of Rs. 6,00,000 of the
complainant.
• The complainant was asked to produce the salary slips and other documents on
the next date. The cross examination was further deferred.
OBSERVATION
The judge actively participated and was listened to the complainant closely. The
counsel for complainant was scolded by judge for intervening and leading the
complainant. At various points the counsel for complainant tried to give hint to
complainant. But the counsel appearing for the accused was very sharp in
pointing out certain things that could turn out to be in his favor. It was good to
see both the Counsels arguing. The visit to this hearing was paid off
successfully. Later on after attending cases in the court, I was asked to research
on the liability of the defendant party in case of dishonour of cheque u/s 138 of
the Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 and u/s 420 of IPC. I was required to read
case file of the running case.
Day 10
A written submission had to be filed for an appeal in the High Court in a case of
medical negligence and I was asked to assist in the drafting process in the case
of:
• The deceased/victim i.e. Mukesh Patra went with his father (respondent no. 2
namely Vasant Patra) to the appellant claiming slight pain in his knee.
• The appellant started the ATT of the victim stating that he was suffering from
TB of bone. Biopsy was also suggested, however, the same was not carried out.
• When the respondent’s condition worsened, the appellant assured his parents
that he’ll soon be okay.
• Later, he was diagnosed with osteosarcoma and had to get his leg amputated.
However, this was not where his sufferings ended and he lost his life.
• A case was filed against the appellant with an FIR being recorded under
section 304A of the IPC.
• The case went to the trial court and the trial court found him guilty.
• The appellant has filed an appeal in the High Court against the decision of the
trial court seeking the quashing of FIR under section 482 Cr.P.C.
I was asked to look into cases, journals or reports that felicitate the research
with respect to the said case and establish the following points:
3. Giving the wrong treatment aggravated the victim’s condition: Side effects of
the wrong treatment led to the victim’s leg being amputated and finally his
death.
RESEARCH
DAY 11
Bail application in the matter of:
• A police informer informs the police that some boys make a plan of robbery in
a petrol pump.
• The informer tells the police that in ST block, Rohini, the road which is
connected to gate no. 4, there is a silent house.
• In the house there are 5 boys which have a plan to rob a petrol pump.
Sections under which the persons were arrested: 399, 402, 186, 353, 332,
307 of IPC and section 25 of arms act.
Sir asked me to draft a bail application for the arrested four boys.
Day 12
Attended the proceedings in the matter:
• The appellant filed the initial complaint due to the atrocities and harassment
she has faced from the very beginning of her marriage.
• On the other hand, an appeal was filed by the respondent to abate the amount
of maintenance awarded by the court alleging that his wife was self-sufficient
and had the resources to maintain her.
• The appellant asserts that she has no source of income and is unemployed
while the respondent earns around Rs. 5 lakh per month and has a lavish
lifestyle which was not taken into consideration while providing maintenance
by the court.
• Inversely, the respondent contends that his wife leads a better life than him,
while he dealing in a business of electric wires manages to earn only Rs.
13,000-14,000 per month. Income Tax returns were attached as to substantiate
such claims.
• Evidence was produced by the appellant showing that the respondent is the
owner of a factory, owns a number of expensive cars and led an affluent life.
• The main complaint had been filed by the appellant under section 12 of the
Protection of Women from the Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
• Criminal appeal has been filed under section 29 of the Protection of Women
from the Domestic Violence Act against the order passed by the metropolitan
magistrate providing maintenance of Rs. 20,000 only.
DAY 13
Attended a matter at cross examination stage
• In the court of Ms. Manu Vedwan, Metropolitan Magistrate Mahila Court, Tis
Hazari application made under section 12 of the Protection of Women from
Domestic Violence Act, 2005.
• The complainant alleges that the respondent is a drunkard and has had
multiple affairs post their marriage also and she lost one of her children due to
the physical atrocities she was subjected to.
• Even post the birth of her female child, her sufferings did not come to an end.
She was pressurised to have a male child even though she was not physically fit.
• The abuse in the matrimonial home has mounted to a point where the
complainant and her children were in danger of their life and it was important
for their safety to remove them from their matrimonial home and thus seeks
relief from the honourable court.
PRESENT HEARING
It was submitted by the proxy counsel for the complainant that the main counsel
for the complainant was not available and the Ld. Counsel for the respondent
submitted that she had to rush to the Hon’ble Delhi High Court as she is having
urgent matter pending there. Thus, in the interest of justice the matter was
adjourned and the next date for conducting the cross examination was given.
Day 14
In the matter of:
Anjali Dhawan v. Delhi Public School and Others
FACTS: Here, the Complainant was a teacher in the Defendant School and she
was removed from her job arbitrarily after extending her contract from time to
time many a times; stating that she is not qualified for the post. She had earlier
abandoned her job n the Architectural firm when she was convinced to accept
this job and pursuant to this she did B.Ed from CCS University, result of which
is awaited.
OBSERVATIONS: I observed that the Tribunal was quite strict in its course of
action which is appreciable as the conduct the Defendant party was causing
delay in serving justice and was also abusing the process of law. Think that such
stands and conduct of any party should be dealt strictly by the Court in order to
dissuade such malpractices.
Day 15
During the course of my internship, today was the day when I dealt with a
matter of high class people. I was really happy when Mr. G.K. Chauhan
informed me that we were to deal with a Home Ministry case today.
In the matter of:
PROCEEDINGS:
The Hon’ble court heard both the parties, it was the final arguments by the
counsel of the petitioner, he pressed upon the needs of the petitioner which
called for cancellation of this transfer order. It was urged by the counsel of the
petitioner that in order to meet the ends of justice, it was required to invalidate
the transfer order and stay all the further actions taken in furtherance of the
transfer order. The Court was convinced to grant the relief prayed by the
petitioner.
OBSERVATIONS: I noticed that court took into consideration the factors like
the responsibility of the petitioner towards her family, her mental and physical
condition and compared the pros and cons of the transfer while granting the
relief. The relief was granted after balancing the concerns of both the parties.
Day 16
Went to see a property matter at Karkardooma Court in the matter of:
Here, the Plaintiff was alleging that the area of stairs which was the common
passage for both the parties was his property and denied all the rights to the
Defendant. Basically, the dispute was a property dispute which was going on
from last 7 years or more.
PROCEEDINGS:
The court had asked the Defendant to submit an affidavit on record along with
the map of the property. The defendant submitted the affidavit but with a
blunder that he inadvertently missed to put his signature on the affidavit. The
Court severely censured the Defendant but took the affidavit on record and gave
next date of hearing.
OBSERVATION:
I think that Court could have been soft with the Defendant as he was a man of
80 years old and it was prima facie visible that he did not have any malafide
intention to cheat upon the Court. He was in hurry to reach the court as the
matter was already called in the court and I as a counsel for plaintiff was
arguing, he could not check the affidavit and affix his signature. I think that if
court had any doubt about the credibility of the Defendant, it could have asked
for a fresh affidavit then and there only for which even the defendant was ready,
rather he suggested this to the Hon’ble court.
Day 17
Sir was absent today so I attended normal Court proceedings.
• The Hon’ble Court heard the arguments of both the parties and decided the
case on merit in favor of the petitioner granting her the anticipatory bail as it
was prima facie evident that the FIR lodged was a frivolous one.
OBSERVATION
The Court perused the FIR and the other documents produced by the Petitioner
while granting anticipatory bail. I think that the Hon’ble Court was very
cautious while granting anticipatory bail and laid down the conditions to ensure
the compliance with those conditions by the petitioner. Another case was
Mamta Chamoli v. Dr Chamoli on matrimonial dispute. The parties had
sought for divorce. The first motion petition was filed by both the parties. Next
date of hearing was fixed after 6 months. Meanwhile, it was suggested to the
parties to try to reconcile and they have the liberty to withdraw the case within 6
months. I learnt about the procedure followed in 21 the case of divorce by
mutual consent and how a Judge plays role in such cases. As in Hindu Dharma
marriage is considered to be a sacrament, so it becomes really tough for a Judge
to decide a case of divorce as the decision could offend the religious followers.
Day 18
We went to the Family Court of Tis Hazari Court,
In a Civil case I attended a date with my guide who was representing the
petitioner. The counsel of respondent was to do the cross-examination of our
witness. The Respondent’s counsel sought next date for doing cross
examination at which Magistrate got irked and warned him that cost will be
imposed for delaying the case. At this respondent’s counsel started
crossexamination. It was surprising to note that the cross-examination was
carried out by lawyers and typist was noting down the observations, as guided
by lawyers of both sides, whereas the Magistrate was busy with other case. This
was may be due to excessive pendency in courts but the purpose of carrying out
cross examination gets defeated as Magistrate could not have observed the
demeanour and conduct of witness for effective delivery of justice. obligation,
in the capacity of an advocate, increases when, the litigant belongs to needy and
lower strata of the society and further, is sometimes even illiterate
Day 19
In the matter of:
• The petitioner filed many complaints to the concerned officers and appellate
forums of the BSES Yamuna Power Ltd. regarding the procurement of the
electric connections at the illegally constructed property adjacent to her house,
but no action was taken by the authority. Further, the RTI application was also
filed but the authorities restored to nonaction and complete silence. Left with no
other option, the petitioner filed a complaint u/s 142 of Delhi Electricity Act,
2003 against the BSES Yamuna Power Ltd. praying for the removal of the
installed electricity connections.
- The petitioner also showed to the court the demolition orders passed by the
MCD in respect of the same property.
- On the next day of hearing, BSES argued that the petitioner by filing such
complaint was trying to blackmail the occupier of the concerned property to
provide him with monies to withdraw the present petition.
- BSES for more time to file the report before the court. The next hearing was
after my period of internship got over and so I couldn’t see the result of the
complaint.
Day 20
Attended proceedings in the matter of:
• The petitioner was married to a man who died few years after the marriage.
The man had a share in the property constructed by him along with his brother.
The same was devolved upon her after his death.
• Before she could claim her share, she was abused, harassed and thrown out of
her matrimonial house by her in-laws.
• She tried to get entry to her in-laws house, but all her efforts went futile.
• She filed a police complaint, but the police did not take any action on the
grounds of jurisdictional issue.
• Thus, the petitioner filed a complaint U/S 12 of the Domestic Violence Act,
2005.
OBSERVATION
- The petitioner was asked to submit the affidavit as per the rules for the
expenditure incurred by the petitioner for her maintenance, her shares in the
property of her husband, details regarding her employment and others allied
details related thereto.
- On the next date of hearing the affidavit asked for was submitted. - The
matter was listed up for arguments when I had joined in.
- The Ld. Counsel briefly stated the facts and read out the prayer of making her
shares available in the concerned property.
- It was also prayed for the dower and stridhan given to her at the time of her
wedding, was to be given back to her or any amount equivalent to it.
Day 21
Proceedings in the matter of:
• The III floor of the property was purchased by the plaintiff from the defendant
on 15 May, through an agreement of sale deed dated 15 May, 2019
• To the dismay of plaintiff, the defendant has recently expressed his desire in
July, 2021 to construct another floor on the roof of the III floor of the plaintiff’s
property that he got from the defendant.
• The petitioner made his best efforts to convince and make him realise that he
is unauthorised to do so with prejudice to the plaintiff’s right, but the defendant
is adamant and headstrong in his stand to construct another floor. Therefore, suit
for permanent injunction was filed along with an application under order 37,
Rule 1-4 asking for the temporary injunction.
OBSERVATION
- The copies of the plaint and documents along with coloured photographs and
site plan was ordered to be sent with the summons.
- Status report on behalf of the concerned MCD was also filed and the same
was taken on record.
- From the defendant side, it was argued that the plaintiff is a blackmailer and
trying to take some monetary advantage by filing this case and using it as a tool.
- From the plaintiff side, the counsel showed picture of the labour employed and
material left at the site.
- Court granted temporary injunction on the day of hearing when I was present
in the matter.
- Later on the case was even withdrawn by the plaintiff.
Day 22
Proceedings in the matter of:
• In this matter dispute is that Shivam Sharma has filed a complaint before
National Stock Exchange with the allegations that the respondent has done
unauthorized trade in his account due to which he has suffered losses for
amount of Rs 2 lakhs around.
OBSERVATION
- The matter was fixed for arguments, but arguments were not heard as the
presiding officer was on leave.
State v. Faisal
• Accused namely Faisal with his friends entered into altercation with the police
officials at Ashok Vihar, near Water Tank, where the accused persons gave
beatings to the police officials.
• Police Officials were admitted in Deep Chand Bandhu Hospital, Bharat Nagar
and their statements were recorded.
• Resulting thereof, FIR was registered at P.S. Bharat Nagar U/S 186/353 read
with Section 34 of IPC.
• He was apprehending his arrest in this case, due to which he filed for
anticipatory bail.
Also learned to fill Vakalatnama and process fee form alongwith the process of
e-filing of the case.
Day 24
Because it was the last day of Internship, not much of work was given. Sir
interacted with every intern and asked about our experience. We also had a
discussion about what one should pursue or do after completing law degree. Sir
suggested me to apply abroad for LLM as there is good scope. We had a
discussion over section 498A of IPC as there was a recent judgment of Rajesh
Sharma v. State of UP. We even got chance to meet Sir’s senior whom
consider as his Guru. Presently he is a senior advocate of Supreme Court and
High Court.
PART –B
The internship experience has been an eye opener for me and has helped me
develop a better understanding of the practical aspects of legal profession. It has
provided me with the necessary exposure to the application of law to realworld
issues. It was also fascinating to observe how the simplest of laws were
applicable in the most difficult of situations and how loopholes leave so much
scope for evaluation and improvisation in the field of law. My respect for the
profession has grown manifold looking at how much hard work and time is
invested by an advocate in the preparation of each case. I would like to
conclude with the vote of thanks and express my gratefulness for this
experience as well as for the patience shown to go through this internship diary.