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lab 2

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8 views

lab 2

Uploaded by

Queen Live
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab. No.2 Patient's setting ‫احالم طه‬.

‫د‬
Before examination of the patient the dentist should apply personal barrier techniques for
infection control which include:
a) Hand washing.
b) Gloves.
c) Masks.
d) Protective clothing.
e) Eyewear.

Patient and Operator positions in Dentistry:


The practice of dentistry is demanding and stressful. Dental procedures can be carried out both in
sitting and standing positions. Physical problems may arise if appropriate working position is
neglected.
Three important things should be taken care of before starting a dental procedure are :-

a) Dental chair position.

b) Patient position.

c) Operator (Dentist) position.

Dental chair position:

1- Modern dental chairs are designed to provide total body support and comfort to the patient.

2- Chair design and adjustment permit maximal operator access to the work area.

3-The adjustment control switches should be conveniently located and to improve infection control,

chairs with foot switch for patient positioning are recommended.

4-The patient should have direct access to the chair.

5-The chair should be low, the back rest upright and the arm rest adjusted to allow the patient to get

into the chair.

6-After the patient is seated, the arm rest is returned to its normal position.The headrest cushion is

positioned to support the head and elevate the chin slightly away from chest so that neck muscle

strain is minimal and swallowing is facilitated. The chair is then adjusted to place the patient in a

reclining position.
7- The operating light is situated above the patient’s head and its direction is varied with the arch
being examined and it should be easily adjustable with handles on both sides of th e light.

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8 -T h e operating stool m u st h a ve a broad base for stability a n d m u st be padded and offer
good back support. It m u st also adjust to a variety of patient
sizes a n d restorative procedures

*The patient in a comfortable position is more relaxed and more capable of co -operating with the

dentist.

Patient position:

The common patient positions in dentistry are:

1) Upright position.

2) Reclined position: The chair is reclined at 450.

3) Supine position: The patient's head knees and feet should be approximately at the same level.

4) Emergency position: Patient's head should be positioned lower than the feet.

Following points should be considered in relation to patient position:


The choice of the patient position varies with the operator, type of procedure, area of mouth
involved.
In general, head should not be lower than feet. But only in emergency conditions like Syncope,
patient's head should be positioned lower than the feet.
After completing the procedure, chair should be placed in upright position. So that patient can
leave the chair easily and preventing undue stress or loss of balance.

Upright position. Reclined position

Supine position Emergency position

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Operating position:
 Proper operating positions and good posture reduce fatigue and physical strain and possibility
of developing musculo- skeletal disorders.
 Most dental procedures can be accomplished while seated. Unnecessary curvature of the
spine or slumping of should be avoided. Back and chest are held in upright position with the
shoulders squared which promotes proper breathing and circulation.
 Proper balance and weight distribution on both feet is essential when operating in a standing
position.
 Operating positions may be described by the location of the operator or by the location of the
operators arm in relation to patient position.
 For a right handed operator there are essentially 4 positions. They are RIGHT FRONT, RIGHT
,RIGHT REAR and DIRECT REAR positions. These are sometimes referred as 7-,9-, 11- and
12- o'clock positions, respectively.
 For a left handed operator LEFT FRONT ,LEFT ,LEFT REAR and DIRECT REAR positions,
these are referred as 5-,3-, 1-and 12-o'clock positions, respectively.

Operating positions: 7,9,11,12 indicate dentist position.

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Right Front Position (7 o'clock)
1. It helps in examination of the patient
2. Working areas include:
a. Mandibular anterior
b. Mandibular posterior teeth (Right side)
c. Maxillary anterior teeth

Right Position (9 o'clock)


Working areas include:
a. Facial surfaces of maxillary right posterior teeth
b. Facial surfaces of mandibular right posterior teeth

c. Occlusal surfaces of mandibular right posterior teeth.

Right Rear Position (11 o'clock)

1. In this position, dentist sits behind and slightly to the right of the patient and the left arm is
positioned around patient's head

2. This is preferred position for most of dental procedures

3. Most areas of mouth are accessible from this position either using direct or indirect vision

4. Working areas include:

a. Palatal and incisal (occlusal) surfaces of maxillary teeth

b. Mandibular teeth (direct vision).

Direct Rear Position (12 o'clock)

1. Dentist sits directly behind the patient and looks down over the patient's head during
procedure.

2. Working areas are lingual surfaces of mandibular teeth.

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