13

Time and Work

NTRODUCTION
i)
Suppose A can finish a piece of work in 8
Then, uwork done by A in 1 1 days.
das (by unitary method].
(1i) Suppose that the
work done by A in 1day is 1

Then, time taken by Ato 6

finish the whole
GENERAL RULES work=6 dayS.
(i) Suppose A can finish a work in n days.
Then, work done by Ainl day = 1
(iü) Suppose that the work done byAin 1day is :
n
Then, time taken by A to finish the
whole work = n days.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 1. A alone can finish a piece of work in 12 daus andBalone can do it in
l5 days. f
both of them work at it together, how much time uwill they take to finish it?
Solution Time taken by A to finish the work = 12 days.
Time taken by B to finish the work = 15 days.

Work done by A in l day =

12
1
Work done by B in 1 day 15
3
Work done by (A +B) in 1day= 12
+ =

60 20
20 2
Time taken by (A + B) to finish the work = 3 days, i.e. 6 days.
2
Hence, both can finish the work in 6 days.

169
170 Mathematics for Class 8

EXAMPLE 2. Aand Btogether can do a piece of work in 12 days, while Balone can
30 days. In how manydays can A alone finish the work? finish it in
Solution Time taken by (A + B) to finish the work = 12 days.
Timetalken by B alone to finish the work = 30 days.
(A + B)s 1day's work =
12
1
and B's 1day's work
30
A's 1day's work = {(A + B)'s Iday's work} - (B's 1day's work}
3
30 60 20

A alone can finish the work in 20 days.

EXAMPLE3. Acan do a piece of work in 25 days and Bcan finish it in 20 days. They wop.
together for 5 days and then Aleaves. In how many days will Bfinish the
remaining work?
Solution Time taken by Ato finish the work = 25 days.
Time taken by B to finish the work = 20 days.
1
A's 1 day's work= and B's lday's work =
25 20
1)
(A + B)s 1 day's work = +
25 20, 100

(A + B)s 5 day's work 5x

100 20
11
Remaining work 20 20
1
Now, work is done by B in 1 day
20
11 11
20
work willbe done by B in 20 x20 days =11 days.
Hence, the remaining work is done by B in 11 days.
EXAMPLE 4. A and B can do apiece of work in 12 days; B and C can do it in 15 days while C
and Acan finish it in 20 days. In how many days will A. B, Cfinish it, working
together? In how many days will each one of them finish it, working alone?
Solution Time taken by (A+ B) to finish the work = 12 days.
Time taken by (B +C) to finish the work = 15 days.
Time taken by(C + A) to finish the work = 20 days.
(A + B)'s l day's work =
12

(B+C)'s l day's work = 15

(C+ A)'s l day's work =

20
Adding, we get:
1 12
2(A + B +C)'s Iday's work 12 15 20
+
60 5
 Time and Work 171

+EB+C's 1 day's work = 1 1

(A
X
2 5 10
A. B. C
together can
Now. As 1 day's work finish the work in 10 days.
={(A +B+C)'s l day's
1 work} -{{(B +C's 1 day's work}
10 15 30
Hence. A alone can fìnish the work in
30 days.
B's 1 day's work
={(A + B+C)'s 1 day's
1 1 work}-{(C+ A's 1day's worKj
10 20 20
Hence. B alone can finish the work in 20
days.
C's 1 day's work
={(A +B+C)'s 1 day's work} -{(A + BJ's 1 day's work}
(1 1)
12 60
Hence.Calone can finish the work in 60 days.

PROBLEMS ON PIPES AND CISTERN

Acistern or a water tank is connected with two types of pipes.
(i) Inlet: The pipe which fills the tank is called an inlet.
(ii) Outlet: The pipe which empties the tank is called an outlet.
Rule 1. Suppose a pipe fills a tank in n hours.
1
Then, part of the tank filled in 1 hour = ,Le., work done by the inlet in l hour =n

Rule 2. Supposean outlet empties a full tank in m hours.

1
Then, part of the tank emptied in 1 hour = m ,Le., work done by the outlet in l hour = m

EXAMPLE 5. Atap A Can fill a cistern in 8 hours while tap B can fll it in 4
hours, In how much
together?
time will the cistern be filled if both A and B are opened
cistern =8 hours,
Solution Time taken by tap Ato fill the
cistern = 4 hours,
Time taken by tap B to fill the
1
=
Work done by tap A in 1hour
1
hour =
Work done by tap B in 1 4
3
hour =+
Work done by (A + B) in 1

to fill the cistern hours =2 hours 40 min.

Time taken by (A + B) 3
172 Mathenmatics for Class 8

EXAMPLE 6. Atap Acan fill a cistern in 4 hours and the tap B can empty the full
6 hours. If both the taps are opened together in the empty cistern, in cistern
how
in
time will the cistern be filled up? mnuch
Solution Time taken by tap A to fill the cistern = 4 hours.
Time taken by tap B to empty the full cistern = 6 hours.
1
Work done by tap A in 1 hour = 4
-1
Work done by tap B in 1hour (: tap B empties the cistern).
6
1 1
Work done by (A+ B) in 1 hour 12

Timetaken by (A + B) to fill the cistern = 12 hours.

EXAMPLE 7. A cistern can be flled by two tapsA and B in 12 hours and 16 hours respectivelu
The fullcistern can be emptied bå a third tap Cin 8hours. If all the taps aro
turned on at the same time, in how much time will the empty cistern be flled un
completely?
Solution Time taken by tap A to fill the cistern = 12 hours.
Time taken by tap B to fill the cistern= 16 hours.
Time taken by tap C to empty the full cistern = 8hours.
1
As 1hour's work
12

B's 1 hour's work =

16

C's 1hour's work =cistern being emptied by C).

8
1 1
(A +B+c's 1 hour's net work - 12
+16 48

Time taken by(A+B+C) to fillthe cistern = 48 hours.

EXERCISE 13A
1. Rajan can do a piece of work in 24 days while Amit can do it in 30 days. In how many days
can they complete it,if they work together?
2. Ravi can do a piece of work in 15 hours while Raman can doit in 12 hours. How long wll
both take to do it, working together?
3. A and B, working together can finish a piece of work in 6 days, while A alone can do it in
9days. How much time will B alone take to finish it?
4. Two motor mechanics, Raju and Siraj, working together can overhaul a scooter in 6 hours.
Raju alone can do the job in 15 hours. In how many hours can Siraj alone do it?
5. A, Band C can do a piece of work in 10days, 12 days and 15 days respectively. How long
will they take to finish it if they work together?
6. A can do a piece of work in 24 hours while B alone can do it in 16 hours, If A, B and C
working together can finish it in 8 hours, in how many hours can C alone finish the work?
7. A, B and C working together can finish a piece of work in 8 hours. A alone can do it
20 hors and B alone can do it in 24 hours. In how many hours will alone do the sant
Work?
 B
Time and Work 173
Aand can fnish apiece of work in 16
and worked at it for 2 days. He davs and 12 days respectively. Astarted the work
was then taken to finish the
Work. joined by B. Find the total time
can do a piece of work in 14 days
days. Then, Afell illwhile
worked at;it for 6 Bcan do it in 21 days. They began together and
how many days was the work and Bhad to completethe remaining work alone. In
2 completed?
ho) Acan do of a certain work in 16 days and Bcan do-of the same work in 3 days. In how
many days can both finish the work, 4

working together?
A.Band C can doa piece of work in 15. 12 and 20 davs
respectively. They started the wo
together, but C leit after 2 days. In how many davs will the remainhg work be
A and B? completeda by
19 A
and B can do a piece of work in 18 davs: R andCcan doit in 24 days
while Cand A Can
finish it in 36 days. In how many days can A, B, Cfâinish it, if they all work together?
13. Aand B can do a piece of workin 12 davs. B and C in 15 days, and C and A in 20 days. i0w
much time will A alone take to finish the iob?
14. Pipes A and B can fil an empty tank in 10hours and 15 hours respectively. If both are
opened together in the empty tank, how much time will they take to fill it completely?
15. Pipe A can fill an empty tank in 5 hours while pipe B can empty the full tank in 6 hours. If
both are opened at the same time in the empty tank, how much time will they take to fillit
up completely?
16. Three taps A, B and C can fill an overhead tank in 6 hours, 8 hours and 12 hours
respectively. How long would the three taps take to fill the empty tank, if all of them are
opened together?
17. Acistern has twoinlets A and B which can fill it in 12 minutes and 15 minutes respectively.
An outlet C can empty the full cistern in 10 mintes. If all the three pipes are opened
together in the empty tank, how much time will they take to fill the tank compBetely?
up in
8 A pipe can fill a cistern in9 hours. Due to a leak in its bottom, the cistern fills
emptied by the leak?
10 hours. If the cistern is full, in how much time will it be
1
Hint. Work done bu the leak in l hour l9 10) 90

Both the pipes are opened

19. Pipe Acan flla cistern in 6 hours and pipe Bcan Iill it in 8 hours.
to fill the remaining part of
and after fwohours, pipe A is closed, How much tme will B take
the tank? 7
= 6 8,
int. Work done bu (A +B) in 1 hour 24

hoùrs =
Work done by both in 2
5
Remaining part
5
in 1 hour.
Find ho much time B will take to fll 12 part.
Now. g Part is filled bå B
174
Mathematics for Class 8

EXERCISE 13B
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Tick (/) the correct answer in each of the following:
1. A alone can do a piece of work in 10 days and Balone can do it in 15 days. In
days will A and B together do, the same work?
how many
(a) 5 days (by6 days (c) 8 days (d) 9 days
2. Aman can do a piece of work in 5 days. He and his son working together can finish it i
3days. In how many days can the son do it alone?
(a) 6 days (b) 7 days (c) 7 days (d) 8 days
3. A can do a job in 16 days and Bcan do the same job in 12 days. With the help of C, thev can
finish the job in 6 days only. Then, C alone can finish it in
(a) 34 days (b) 22 days (c) 36 days (d) 48 days
4. To complete a work, Atakes 50% more time than B. If together they take 18 days to
complete the work, how much time shall B take to do it?
(a) 30 days (b) 35 days (c) 40 days (d) 45 days
150x 3x
Hint. Suppose B takes x days. Then, Atakes -days.
100 2
12 1 5 1
x =30.
X 3x 18 3x 18
5. A works twice as fast as B. If both of them can together finish a piece of
work in 12 days.
then B alone can do it in
(a) 24 days (b) 27 days (c) 36 days (d) 48 days
Hint. Let B's 1day's work =x. Then, A's lday's work =2x.
1 1
.:. x+2 x = X=
12 12 36
6. A alone can finish a piece of work in 10 days which B alone can do in 15
days. If they work
together and finish it, then out of total wages of 3000, A will get
(a) 1200 (b) 1500 (c) 1800 (d) 2000
Hint. Ratio of the wages of Aand B = : =3:2.
10 15
7. The rates of working of Aand B are in the ratio 3:4.The nunber of days taken by
them to
finish the work are in the ratio
(a) 3: 4 (b) 9: 16 (c) 4: 3 (d) 16:9
Hint. Ratio of times taken by Aand B=:÷=4:3.
3 4
8. A and Btogether can do a piece of work in 12 days: B and C can do it in 20 days while
Cand A can do it in 15 days. A, B andCall working together can do it in

(a) 6 days (b) 9 days (d) 10days

(c) 10 days
2
9. 3 men or 5 women can do a work in 12 days. How long will 6 men and 5 women take to
do it?
(a) 6 days (b) 5 days (c) 4 days (d) 3 days
10. A can do a piece of work in 15 days. B is 50% more efficient than A. B can finish it in
(a) 10days (b) 7days (c) 12 days (d) 10 days
1
Hint. As l das's work = .B's 1 day's work = 150% of-l50 1 1
15 15 100 15 10
 Time and Work 175
11. Aoes 20% less work than B.
If A can
finish itin finish a piece of work in 7 hours, then B can
(a) 5 hours
(b) 52 hours (d) 6 hours
(c) 6 hours
Hint. Ratio of work done by A and B =
4 2 1
X =6 hrs.
inverse ratio of time taken bs Aand B.
15 x
12. Acan do a piece of Work in 20 days which B alone can do in l2 days. B worked at it for
9days. A can the finish
(a) 3 days remaiming
Work in
(b) 5 days 7 dayscan do in 20 (d)
13. Acan do a piece of work in 25 days, which (c)B alone days.11 days
Astarted the work
and was joined by B after 10 days.
1
The work lasted for
(a) 12 days (b) 15 days 2
days (c) 16
(d) 14 days
4. Two pipes can u atank in 20 minutes and 30 minutes respectively. If both the pipes are
onened simultaneously, then the tank will be filled in
(a) 10 minutes (b) 12 minutes (d) 25 minutes
(c) 15 minutes
15. Atap can iill a Cistern in 8 hours and another tan can emptythe full cistern in 16 hourS.
both the taps are open, the time taken to fill the cistern is
(a) 5 hours (b) 10 hours (c) 16 hours (d) 20 hours

16. Apump can till a tank in 2 hours. Due to a leak in the tank it takes 2 3 hours to fill the tank.
The leak can empty the full tank in
(a) 2 hours (b) 7 hours (c) 8 hours (d) 14 hours
3
Hint. Work done by the leak in 1 hour=2 -7=14
17. Two pipes can fill a tank in 10 hours and 12 hours respectively, while a third pipe empties
the full tank in 20 hours. If all the three pipes operate simultaneously, in how much time
will the tank be full?
(a) 7 hrs 15 min (b) 7 hrs 30 min (c) 7 hrs 45 min (d) 8 hrs

(Things to Remember
1. Suppose A can finish a piece of uDork in n days.
Then, work done byA in l dau =n
day
2. Suppose that the work done byA in 1 n

work = n days.
Then, time taken bå A to finish the
called an inlet.
3. (i) A pipe that flls a tank is
that empties a tank is called an outlet.
(1) Apipe
tank in n hours.
* Suppose a tap fills a
the tap in 1 hour =
Then, part of the tank filledby
full tank in n hours.
Suppose an outlet empties a -1
Then, uwork done bu it in 1hour = n
176 Mathematics for Class 8

CCE TEST PAPER-13

in 15 days. In how many
A. 1. Acan do a piece of work in 10 days while Balone can do it days
can both finish the same work?
2. Aand Bcan do a piece of work in 15 days: BandCin 12 days; C and Ain 20 days. How
together to finish the work?
many days will be taken by A, B and C working
empty it in 12 hours. How ong..
3. Tap A can fll acistern in 8 hours and tap B can together?
take to fill the cistern if both of them are opened
4. 2 men or 3 women can do apiece of work in T6 days. In how many days can 4 men and o
WOmen do the same work?
.
5. A pipe can fll a cistern in 9 hours. Due to a leak in its bottom, the cistern fills
10 hours. If the cistern is full, in how much time will it be emptied by the leak?

B. Mark (/) against the correct answer tn each of the following:

6. The rates of working oftwo taps Aand B are in the ratio 2 :3.The ratio of the time taken
by A and B respectively to fill a given cistern is
(a) 2:3 (b) 3: 2 (c) 4:9 (d) 9: 4
7. A can finish a piece of work in l2 hours while B can finish it in 15 hours. How long will
both take to finish it, working together?
(a) 9 hours (b) 6hours (c) 68 hours 1
(d) 8hours
3 4 3
8. A can do a piece of work in 14 days and B is 40% more efficient than A. In how many
days can Bfinish it?
3
(a) 10 days (b) 7- days
2
(c) 5 days
4
(d) 55 days
Hint. A's l day's work = 1
14
140
B's 1 day's work
100

9. Apump can filla cistern in 2 hours. Due to a leak in the tank it takes 2-3 hours to fll it.
The leak can empty the full tank in
(a) 7 hours (b) 14 hours (c) 8 hours (d) 3 hours
10. A works twice as fast as B. Ifboth of them can together finish a piece of work in 12 hours.
then B alone can do it in
(a) 24 hours (b) 27 hours (c) 36 hours (d) 18 hours

C. 11. Fill in the blanks.

(1) Atap can filla tank in 6hours. The part of the tank filled in 1 hour is
(ii) Aand Bworking together can finish a piece of work in 6 hours while Aalone can do
it in 9 hours. Balone can do it in ..... hours.
(iiüi) A can do a work in 16hours and B alone can do it in 24 hours. If A, B and C
working together can finish it in 8 hours,then C alone can finish it in ..... hours.
3
(iv) If A's one day's work is then A can finish the whole work in .. days.
20