P.

6 MATHEMATICS LESSON NOTES

TERM TWO

THEME: NUMERACY

TOPIC: FRACTIONS

OPERATIONS OF FRACTIONS

Week 3 lesson 1 and 2

Addition and subtraction of fractions

Add

Method 1.
= (2+1) + +

3+

Method 2
LCD = 12

SW

Subtract

1
1

Understanding MTC Bk6 pg 85

MK primary MTC 6 Pg 106
Supplementary MTC 34
Functional primary MTC Bk pg 90

MULTIPLICATION OF FRACTIONS
Week 3 Lesson 2
Multiplication of simple fractions by whole numbers.
Of 12

4
ii. 20

20

=12
Multiplication of simple fractions by simple fraction.

ii.
2
Multiplication of mixed fractions

ii.

MK Primary MTC bk6 pg 107

Functional Primary MTC BK6 PG 79
Learning MTC bk6 pg 20
Fountain math bk 6 page 76-81

DIVISION OF FRACTIONS
Week 3 lesson 4
Division of fractions by whole number.

3
 i. Divide by 4

Method 2 using LCM

Division of a whole number by a fraction.

How many half kilogram packets are 6kgs?

=12

OR

(6×2)

12

4
= 12 Half Kg Packets.

Division of fractions by fractions.

Divide

Or using LCM

2×5÷4×3

10÷12

ii) 3

5
OR using LCM

MK primary MTC bk6 pg 113

Understanding MTC bk6 pg 89

Primary MTC for Uganda bk6 pg 71

Supplementary MTC pg 37-39

Primary MTC for upper primary pg.

Functional primary MTC bk6 pg 85

Learning MTC bk6 pg 22

Mixed operation on fractions (Application of BODMAS)

Week 3 lesson 5 and 6

BODMAS – Brackets of Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.

Simplify

6
BODMAS

Supplementary MTC pg

MK primary MTC bk6 pg 114

Understanding MTC bk6 pg 91

Word problems (application of fractions)

Week 4 lesson 1

Soln:

7
let the number be

2. In a class of the pupils are girls. If there are 60 boys in a class. How many girls

pupils are in the class?

Let the total No of pupils be

Fraction for boys

3. ¼ of my salary is sh.15, 000. What is my salary?

Let my salary be

8
b).What is of my salary?

= Shs 40,000

5. A pupil spent of the pocket money on soda and of the remainder on transport

and was left with shs 36,000. How much money did the pupil have at first?

DECIMALS

Converting fractions to decimals

Week 4 lesson 2

i).Express as a decimal.

(ii) express as a decimal

9
 =

= 0.75

iii) Express as a decimal

=- 0.33……. or 0.3

Converting decimals into mixed fractions.

i)Change 0.4 into a common fraction.

0.4 =

ii)Change 0.025 into a common fraction

0.025 =

OPERATION OF DECIMALS

Week 4lesson 3

Addition and subtraction of decimals.

i)Add 8.6 +0.9

10
ii)Subtract 0.46 from 2

iii)Work out: 5.8 – 2.44+1.6

(5.8+1.6)-2.44

7.4 – 2.44

MK primary MTC bk6 pg

Understanding MTC bk6 92

Functional primary MTC Bk pg 94

MULTIPLICATION OF DECIMALS

Week 4 lesson 4

a. Multiplying a decimal by 10, 100 and 1000

Example:

i. 0.23×10

ii. 0.761×100

11
 = 76.1

iii. 0.467×1000

= 467
a. Multiply a decimal by a whole number

i. Example:

0.32×4 or 0.32×4

0.32

× 4

1.28 1.28

ii. 3.75×18 or 3.75×18

18

Multiplying a decimal by a decimal

1. Simplify 0.7×0.5

Method

0.7×0.5

12
 = 0.35

Method 2

0.7×0.5

7×5

.35

0.35

Learning MTC Bk 6 pg 26

MK primary MTC bk6 pg 116

Understanding MTC bk6 pg 96

MTC for upper primary pg functional primary MTC bk6 97

DIVISION OF DECIMALS

Week 4 lesson 5

Division of whole numbers by decimals.

Example

a. 8÷0.2

8×

4×10

40

b. Divide 24÷0.03
24

13
 8×100
800

Division of decimals by a whole number.

a)Divide 1.2÷0.6

=2

b)Divide 0.036÷0.4

0.09

Multiplication and division of decimals

a) Simplify

b) Work out:

14
 2.1

Understanding MTC bk6 pg 87

Functional primary MTC bk6

Changing recurring decimals into common fractions. (Week 5 lesson 1and

2)

i)Change 0.33….. to a common fraction

Solution:

Let the fraction be

Multiply each side by 10 since one digit is recurring

Subtract (i) from (ii)

Understanding MTC bk7 pg 98

15
MK Primary MTC bk 7 pg

Primary MTC for upper primary pg

RATIOS AND PROPORTIONS (Week 5 lesson 3)

Ratio is the comparison between two or more quantities of the same units.

EXPRESSING RATIONS AS FRACTIONS.

i) Express 1:2 as a fraction

1:2 =

ii) Express 5:3 as a fraction

5:3 =

EXPRESSING FRACTIONS AS A RATIO

Express as a fraction

= 1:2

Express as a ratio

= 6:5

Week 5 lesson 4

EXPRESSING QUANTITIES AS RATIOS (Note: Ratios are expressed without

units)

(i) Henry has 12 books and John has 20 books. What is the ratio of Henry’s
books to John’s books?

12: 20

16
 =

3:5

(ii) Express 20 minutes as a ratio of 1 hour.

1 hour = 60 minutes NB Ratios that are to compare two
quantities
20 min: 60 min must be expressed to the lowest
term and
= 2/6 must be of the same units.

1:3

Primary MTC MK Bk 6 pg 127

Understanding MTC Bk 6 pg

Functional MTC Bk 6 pg 100

SHARING IN RATIOS. Week 5 lesson 5

1. Divide sh 120 in a ration of 1:4

Total share 1 + 4 = 5 parts.

1st share: x 120 2nd share x sh 120

= sh. 24 4 x 24 = 96

Method 2

Total share 1 +4 = 5 parts 4 parts

5 parts rep shs 120 4 parts rep

1 part rep sh. 24×4

17
Sh. 24 sh.96

2.John and Diana shared sh. 3000 in a ratio of 2:3 respectively. How much did each
get?

John : Diana or john : Diana

2 : 3 2 : 3

Total ratio 2+3 total ratio. 2+3 = 5

=5 5 parts rep sh. 3000

John’s share 1 part rep sh.

1 part rep. sh.600

Shs 1200 John’s share Diana’s share

Diana’s share 2 parts 3 parts

2×600 3×shs600

Shs 1800 shs 1200 shs 1800

INCREASE AND DECREASE IN RATIOS ( week 5 lesson 6)

Example

1. Increase 200/= in the ratio of 5:4

New: Old or New: old

5: 4 5:4

? 200

4 parts rep 200/=

18
1 part reps 5×shs 50

50/= sh. 250

5 parts rep 5×50/=

Sh. 250

Decrease 400 in a ratio of 3:4

New: old or new: old

3: 4 3:4

? 400

4 parts rep 400

1 part rep 3×100

100 300

3 parts rep

100×3

300

MK primary MTC bk6 pg 129

Understanding MTC bk6 pg

Functional primary MTC bk6 pg

SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING RATIOS (week 6 lesson 1 and 2)

1.Dan and Mike shared some money in the ratio of 3:5 respectively. If Mike got
sh.3000,
19
 a) How much did Dan get?
Dan : Mike Dan : Mike
3 : 5 3 : 5
? 3000/= Total ratio 3+5 = 8
5 parts rep. 3000/= let total share by

1 part reps

3 parts rep 8 =

Shs 600×3

Shs 1800

Dan got shs 1800 Dan’s share =

3×600/=

1800/=

2. A and B shares a sum of money in a ratio of 3:4. If A gets shs 12000, how much
money is shared?

A : B or A : B

3 : 4 3 : 4

12000/= Total ratio 3+4 = 7

Total No of parts (total ratio) let the total amount be

3+4 = 7

3 parts rep shs 12000 7

1 part rep shs 3y = shs 12000×7

7 parts rep 4000×7

20
 = 28000/= y = 28,000/=

3. A, B and C shared a certain sum of money in the ratio of 2:3:5 respectively. If C

got sh.1500 more than A. how much money is shared?

A: B: C

2:3:5

Total ratio

2+3+5 = 10

Difference in ratio

5-2 = 3

3 parts rep 1500/=

1 part reps

10 parts rep

500×10

5000/=

MK primary MTC bk pg 133

Understanding MTC bk6 pg 11

PROPORTIONS (week 6 lesson 3 and 4)

NB: In proportions, the required quantity is always on the right hand side.

Example:

1. 2 books cost sh. 200, what is the cost of 6 books

21
Books cost

2 books cost 200/=

1 book costs

6 books costs sh.100×6

Sh.600

2. 6 books cost sh.1200. How many books can 1 buy with sh. 600?

Cost books

Shs 200 buys 6 books

1 shs buys

Shs 600 buys

3 books

MK bk6 pg 136

Understanding MTC bk6 pg

Functional primary MTC bk6 pg 102

INDIRECT (INVERSE PROPORTIONS)

Example:

1. 4 girls take 9 days to do a job. How long will 12 girls take to do the job at the
same rate?

Girls Days

4 girls take 9 days

1 girl takes 9×4

22
12 girls take = 3×1

2. 12 men can build a classroom in 5 days. How many men are needed to do the
whole job in 2 days?

Day’s men

5 days need 12 men

1 day needs 12×5 men

2 days need

6×5

30 men

MK primary MTC bk6 pg 138

Understanding MTC bk6 pg

Primary MTC for Uganda bk6 pg

PERCENTAGES (week 6 lesson 5)

Percent means out of 100.

Percent means every 100

Percent means per 100

Symbol for percentage %

EXPRESSING PERCENTAGES FRACTIONS

i. Express 60% as a fraction

60% =

23
 ii. Express 13% as a fraction
13% =

iii. Change 12½% as a percentage

= 12 =

EXPRESSING PERCENTAGE TO DECIMALS

1. Change 40% into a decimal

40% =

0.4

2. Convert 35% into a decimal

35% =

0.35

3. Convert 12 into a decimal

12 =

24
 0.125

EXPRESSING PERCENTAGES AS A DECIMALS RATIOS

i) Convert 40% as a ratio

40%=

2:5
ii) Convert 29% as a ratio
29%=

= 29:100
iii) Change 12 % as a ratio

12 % =

= 1:8

EXPRESSING FRACTIONS AS A PERCENTAGES ( week 6 lesson 6)

i. Convert as a percentage

ii. Convert into a percentage

33
25
Convert into a percentage.

× 100% =

EXPRESSING DECIMALS AS PERCENTAGES

i) Convert 0.04 as a percentage

0.04 = × 100%
= 4%

ii)Change 1.2 into a percentage

1.2 = × 100%
= 120%

EXPRESSING RATIOS AS PERCENTAGES

1. Change 2:5 into a percentage

2:5 = × 100%

= 2× 20%

= 40%

2. Change 2:7 into a percentage

2:7 = × 100%

= 28 4

MK primary MTC Bk 6 pg 142

Understanding MTC Bk 6 pg 116

26
Functional MTC Bk 6 105

Primary MTC for Uganda Bk 6 pg 56

PARTS OF PERCENTAGE. (Week 7 lesson 1)

N.B total percentage is 100%

Examples

1. In a class 40% are boys and the rest are girls. Find the percentage for girls.

Total percentage = 100%

% for = 40%

% for girls = 100% - 40%

= 60%

2. In the school library 40% 0f the books are science text books, 20% are math, 5
% are SST and the rest are English text books.

Find the percentage of English text books

Total percentage = 100%

Total percentage of math, science, SST text books =

40% + 20%+ 5%

= 65%

Percentage of English text books = 100% - 65%

=35%

3. Musisi Covered 30% of his journey by car and 50% by bus.

What percentage of the journey was left?

Entire journey = 100%

Musisi traveled = 30%+50%)

= 80%

Percentage left= 100% - 80%

= 20%

27
MK primary MTC Bk 6 pg 146

COMPARING QUANTITIES USING PERCENTAGES

1. There are 20% more boys than girls in the class. What is the percentage of

a) Boys b) girls

Total percentage = 100%

Let the girls’ percentage be x%

Girls boys total

% +20% = 100%

X% + % + 20% = 100%

2x% + 20% = 100%

2x% + 20%-20% = 100%- 20%

X% = 40%

Percentage of girls = 40%

Percentage for boys = x% + 20%

= 40% + 20%

= 60%

2. A family spent 40% more on school fees than clothing. What percentage is spent
on clothing?

MK primary MTC Bk 6 pg

EXPRESSING QUANTITIES AS PERCENTAGES (week 7 lesson 2 and 3)

Express 20 as a percentage of 80

×100%

1×25%

= 25%

28
2. A bag contains 18 blue pens and 32 red pens.

What is the percentage of the blue pens and the red pens?

Total no. of pens = 18+ 32

= 50

% of red pens = ×100%

= 32 ×2%

= 64%

3. Express 200grams as a percentage of 2kg

1kg = 1000gm

2kg = 2 ×1000gm

= 2000gm

×100%

= 10%

MK primary MTC Bk 6 pg

Understanding MTC Bk 6 pg functional primary MTC bk 6 pg

FINDING PERCENTAGE PARTS OF QUANTITIES (week 7 lesson 4)

Example

1. Find 40% of 150 20% of 1kg

× 150 1kg = 1000kg

4×15 = × 1000gm

60 = 200gm

2. A piece of land is 200 hectares. A farmer used 60% of it to cultivate. How much
land is used for cultivation?

29
60% of 200 hectares

× 200hectares

120 hectares

3. What is 12 % of 800kg

× 800kg

12 ×8kg

×8 = 25×4

100Kg

MK primary MTC bk 6 pg 146

Understanding MTC bk 6 pg 118

Functioning primary MTC bk 6 pg 107

MORE ABOUT PERCENTAGE PART OF QUANTITIES.

1. A school has 800 pupils 45% are girls and the rest are boys.

a) How many girls are in the school?

% for girls = 45%

No. of girls = × 800

= 45 ×8

= 360 pupils

b) How many boys are in the class?

Method 1 method 2

Total no. of pupils = 800 total percentage = 100%

No. of girls = 360 % for girls = 45%

30
No. of boys = 800 - 360 % for boys = 100% -
45%

440boys = 55%

= ×800

No. of boys = 440

2. In a class, 10% of the pupils are absent. How many pupils are present if there are
60 pupils?

No. of pupils absent = ×60 pupils

= 6 pupils

No. of pupils present = 60-6

= 54 pupils

MK primary mathematics Bk 6 pg

MORE PROBLEMS INVOLVING PERCENTAGES. (WEEK 7 LESSON 5 and 6)

1. If 10% 0f a number is 40. What is the number?

Let the no. be x

10% of x = 40 10% rep 40

×x = 40 1% rep

100× = 40× 100 100% rep × 100

= 400

X = 400

2. 20% of the pupils in a school are girls. There are 35 girls in the school. How many
pupils are there in the school?

Let the no. of pupils be y

31
20% of y = 35 20% rep 35pupils

×y = 35 1% rep

100× = 35× 100 100% rep × 100

= 35 ×5

y = 175pupils 175 pupils

PERCENTAGE INCREASE (week 8 lesson 1)

Increase means to add on.

1. Increase sh 800 by 20%

Original + increment new percentage

Sh 800 + (20% of sh 800) 100% +20% =

120%

Sh 800 + ×800 120 % of the original

Sh 800 + 160 × 800

Sh 960 120 ×8 sh

Sh 960

2. Increase 400 by 15%

Sh 400 + (15% of sh400) (100% +15%)

of 4000

Sh400 + ×400 115 % of 400

Sh400 + 60 × 400

Sh 460 115 ×4 sh

Sh 460

32
3. A shirt used to cost 10,000 shilling. This price increased by 5%. Calculate the new
price of the shirt

MK primary MTC BK 6 pg 153

Understanding MTC Bk 6 pg 121

Functioning primary MTC Bk 6 pg 110

Primary MTC for Uganda Bk 6 pg 58

PERCENTAGE DECREASE (Week 8 lesson2)

Decrease means to reduce, subtract, deduct

1. Decrease 300 by 10 %

300 - (10% of 300) 100% - 10% of 300

300 - ×300 × 300

300 - 30 90 ×3

270 270

2. Decrease sh 1500 by 20%

100% - 20% of sh 1500

× sh1500

80 ×15

Sh 1200

3. The number of pupils decreased by 15%. How many pupils are in the school if
they were 1600 pupils?

4. Reduce 1800kg by 40%

MK primary MTC Bk pg 155, Understanding MTC bk 6 pg 121

PERCENTAGE PROFIT / GAIN (week 8 lesson3)

Profit = selling price – buying price (Cost price)

33
Percentage = × 100%

Example.

1. An article was bought at sh 100,000 and sold at sh 120,000. Calculate the

percentage profit

Profit = S.P – B.P

= sh 120,000 -100,000

= sh 20.000

Percentage profit = ×100%

= 20%

2. The gain from the sales of certain items is sh 6000. The items were bought at sh
48,000

Calculate the percentage gain

Percentage gain = ×100%

= ×100%

3. A book was bought at sh 800 and was sold at sh 900. Calculate the percentage
profit.

Profit = selling price – buying price

Sh 900 – sh 800

Sh100

Find the percentage profit made

34
% percentage = ×100%

= × 100%

= 12

PERCENTAGE LOSS (week 8 lesson 4)

The following words can also be used to mean decrease or loss. They are discount
and reduction.
Loss = buying price – selling price.
Percentage loss = × 100%

1. Juman bought a book at shs 400 and sold it at shs 300

a) Calculate the loss he made.
Loss = buying price - selling price
= Shs 400 - shs 300
= Shs 100

b) Find the percentage loss he made.

% loss = ×100%

= ×100%

=
= 25%

2. A trader bought an item at sh 5000, on selling it he made a loss of sh 2000.

Calculate the percentage loss he made

Percentage loss = ×100%

= ×100%

=
= 40%

35
MORE ABOUT PERCENTAGE PROFIT AND LOSS

1. A trader bought a radio at shs 20000 and on selling it he made a profit of 30%.
How much did he sell the radio?

Method 1 OR = 100% + 30%

Profit made = 130%

%profit = 30% = 130% of B.P

Profit = 30% of B.P = × 20000

= × 20000
= sh200 × 130

= shs 6000 = sh 26000

Selling price = B.P + profit

= sh 2000+sh 6000

= sh 26000

2. On selling an article a trader made a loss of 10%. If he bought the article at sh

20000

a) How much was the loss?

% loss = 10%
Loss = 10% of B.P
= × 20000

= sh 2000
b) Calculate the selling price of the article OR S.P = B.P - loss
S.P = B.P – loss = 100%-
10%
= sh 20000 – 2000 = 90%
= sh 18000 = ×
20000

= sh 18000
Understanding MTC book 6 page 124
Primary MTC for Uganda book 6 page 75

36
SIMPLE INTEREST (week 8 lesson 5)
N.B the money banked, borrowed or lent is the principal (p)
The percentage used to calculate interest is the rate (R)
The period in a year that the principal is invested is the time (T)
Simple interest = principal × Rate × Time
S.I = P×R×T
N.B always the rate is in percentages
Amount = principal + interest.
Example:
1. A farmer deposited sh 120,000 in a bank that offers an interest rate of 10% per
year. How much interest will the farmer get in 2 years?
Interest = P×R×T
= sh 120,000 × 10%× 2
= sh 120,000× ×2

= sh 24,000
2. A trader borrowed sh 400,000 from a bank at an interest rate of 5% per annum.
a) How much interest must he pay after 6 months?
I = P×R×T
= sh 400,000× 5% × yrs

= sh 400,000× × yrs

= sh 2000× 5
= sh 10,000

B) What amount will the trader pay altogether?

Amount = principal + interest

= sh 400,000 + sh 10,000

= sh 410,000

MK primary MTC book 6 page 158

Understanding MTC book 6 page 128

Functional primary MTC book 6 page 112

37
FINDING THE RATE, TIME, AND PRINCIPAL (week 8 lesson 6)

1. Sarah deposited sh 50,000 on her savings account. At the end of 3 years the
simple interest earned was sh 15,000. Calculate the rate of interest.

P × R ×T = I

Sh 50000× × 3 = 15,000

= 15,000

R = 10%

2. What sum of money will yield an interest of 6000 at 5% for 3 years?

P × R ×T = I

P × 5% × 3 = sh 6000

P× ×3 = sh 6000

P× = sh6000

100 × = sh 6000 × 100

P = sh 40,000

3. In what time will sh 12000 yield an interest of sh 1800 at 5% per year

P × R ×T = I

Sh 12000 × 5% × T = sh 1800

Sh 12000 × ×T = sh 1800

Sh 120 × 5 × T = sh 1800

38
 T = 3 years

Mk primary MTC book 7 pages 138/142

Understanding MTC book 6 page 130

Functional primary MTC book 6 page 114

Primary MTC for Uganda book 6 page 75

THEME: INTERPRETATION OF GRAPHS AND DATA.

TOPIC: DATA HANDLING. (week 9 lesson 1 and 2)

MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE, AND RANGE.

Mean =

Median is the middle number after arranging the data in ascending or descending
order.

Example

Find the median of 4,2,6,7,8,9,3

= 2,3,4,6,7,8,9

Median =6

Mode is the number/ figure/ score that appears more than the rest.

Or the number/ score with the highest frequency.

Example

Find the mode of 8,2,6,4,2,1,2

Number tallies frequency

8 I 1
2 III 3
6 I 1

39
4 I 1
1 I 1

Mode is 2

Modal frequency is the number of times the mode has appeared.

Range is the difference between the highest and the lowest score.

Example.

Given the following 2.4,6,7,8,3

Find the range.

Range = H–L

8–2

Mean is the result you get after dividing the sum of items by the number of items. It
is also referred to as average or arithmetic mean.

Mean =

1. Find the mean of 2, 4,7,2,8 and 1

Mean =

= 4

2. Find the mean of 6, 4, 2a, 3a, and 5

Mean =

40
 = 3 +a or a +3

3. Find the average of 4x +1, 5x and 14

Average =

= 3x +5

Understanding MTC bk 6 pg 154

PROBLEMS ON AVERAGE.

1. The average of 3 numbers is 12. What is the sum of the three numbers.

Average =

12 × 3 = sum of items

36 = sum of items.

2. The average of 3, 0, 7 and x is 4 what is the value of x.

Average =

10 +x = 16
41
 10-10 +x = 16 – 10

X = 6

3. The average age of 3 people is 18 years. The average age of 2 of them is 15

years, how old is the third person?

MORE ABOUT AVERAGE, MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE, MODAL FREQUENCY AND

RANGE. (week 9 lesson 3 and 4)

The table below shows the age of children

Age in years 9 11 12 13 8
Number of children 2 1 4 1 1

a)How many children were recorded in the table?

2+1+4+1+1

9 children.

b)Find the modal age

Modal age is 12

c) Find the range

Range = H–L

= 18 – 9

d) Find the mean

Mean =

= 12

e) Median 9,9,11,12,12,12,12,13,18

42
Median = 12

PIE- CHARTS (week 9 lesson 5 and 6)

A Pie- chart is also known as a circle graph.

It represents one complete whole in terms of fractions, 360 in terms of angles and
100 in terms of percentages.

The pie- chart shows how a man spends sh. 24000.

Food

Rent

Fees

43
a)What fraction of his money is spent on food?

b) How much does he spend on;

i)Food = 24000 i)fees = × 24000

Fees
= 15000 = 6000

c) Find the angle sector for rent.

Rent = 360°
= 45°

Learning MTC Bk 6 pg 107

PIECHARTS INVOLVING DEGREES

The pie chart below shows Mugisha’s monthly expenditure if he earns sh. 72000

Transport

150°

Fees
xx

Food
Food

a)Find the value of x

X +90° + 150° = 360°

44
X + 240° = 360°

X + 240° - 240° = 360° - 240°

X = 120°

b) How much does he spend on transport?

× 72000 or 360° ............... 72000

90 × 200 1° rep...........

Sh. 18000 sh 200

90° .........90 × sh. 200

Sh. 18000

c) How much is spent on fees than food?

150° – 120° = 30°

= 30 x sh 200

= sh 6000

MK Primary MTC Bk 6 Pg

Understanding MTC bk6 pg 137

Functional primary MTC Bk 6 pg 134

PIE CHART INVOLVING PERCENTAGE.

1.The pie chart below shows how John spends sh 12000 in a day

Food 40%

Transport
Water x%
50%
45
a) Find the value of x

x+ 40% + 50% = 100%

x + 90% = 100%

x + 90% - 90% = 100%-90%

x = 10%

b) Find how much spent food is:

Food; 40% of 1200

× 1200

= sh. 480.

c) Find the angle sector transport.

50% = × 360°
x
= 180°

APPLICATION OF PIE CHART. (week 10 lesson 1 and 2)

1.The pie chart below shows how a family spends its income .

Food
40°
150°
Transport
60° X° Rent
Fees
46
a) Find the value of x

X + 60° + 40° + 150° = 360°

X + 100° + 150° = 360°

X + 250° = 360°

X + 250° - 250° = 360°- 250°

X = 110°

b)If the family spends 24000 on fees, find the family’s total income

Method 1

Let the total of income be y

×y = 24000

36 × = 24000 ×
36

Y = 24000×6

Y = sh 144000

Method 2

Angle sector for fees = 60°

60° rep sh 24000

1° rep

360° rep ×360

24000× 6

Sh. 144000

47
 CONSTRUCTION OF PIE CHART (week 10 lesson 3 and 4)

1. On a farm of the animals are cows are goats and of them are
sheep.

Construct a pie chart to show the above information

Cows × 360° goats ×360° sheep ×360°

= 240° = 90° = 30°

2. The table below shows the number of books in the school library.

Subject Math English Science SST

No of books 50 35 20 15

Represent the above information on the pie chart

Total no. of books 50 + 35 + 20 + 15

= 120

Maths English science

SST

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 = 150° =105° = 60° =45°

2. The table below represents how Mr. Mirundi spends his salary.

Items Car expensesFood School fesss Others Savings

Percentages 15% 20% x 10% 15%

a) Find the value of x

X +15%+ 20%+ 10% +15% = 100%

X +60% = 100%

X+ 60% - 60% = 100% - 60%

X = 40%

b) Draw a pie chart to represent the information above.

Car expense food school fees others savings

= 54° = 72° = 144° = 36° = 54°

49
CO-ORDINATES (week 10 lesson 5,6and 1 week 11)

Co-ordinates are ordered pairs of numbers used to mark or plot a point on a grid.

Co-ordinates are in order of? (x, y)

Examples of coordinators (2,4) (-2,5) (0,6) (-4,0)

A co-ordinate graph has two axes i.e. y axis and x axis

y axis runs from north to south (vertical axis)

x axis runs from west to east (horizontal axis)

A Co-ordinate graph has very many lines.

N.B All lines that are parallel to y axis and cross the x axis are called x lines.

All lines that are parallel to x axis and cross the y axis are called y lines

x and y lines are named according to the point through which they pass or cross the
x or y axis.

Example

A line crossing the x axis at point 2 is called x=2

A line crossing the y axis at point 2 is called y=2

50
 y axis

3
2
1
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 x axis
-1
-2
-3
-4

NAMING THE GIVEN POINT

(Giving the coordinate of the given point)

Coordinates are written in the order (x, y) when the x line and the y line meet they
form a point. We can name the points formed by using the two lines that have
crossed each other starting with the x line and then the y line.

y axis

4 i
A 3
iv 2
1C B
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 x axis
F -1
E -2 ii
iii -3 D
-4
-5

Region I all coordinates are positive (+x, +y)

Ii all x coordinates are positive and y negative (+x, -y)

Iii all coordinates are negative (-x, -y)

Iv all x coordinates are negative ane y coordinates are positive (-x, +y)

Name the given coordinates of point

A (-1,3) E(-3,-1)

B (2,1) F(-4,0)

C (0,1)

51
D (1,-3)

MK Primary MTC book 7 page 177

Functional primary MTC book 7 page 163

Primary mathematics for Uganda Bk 6 page 83

Primary School Mathematics book 6

PLOTING POINTS ON A GRID

Plot the following points on the grid A(4,0) B(5,-1) C(-3,-2) D(0,3)

y axis

4
3D
2
1
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x axis
-1 A B
C -2
-3
-4
-5

FORMATION OF FIGURES BY PLOTTING

Plot P(-2,4), Q (1,1), R(-5,1) join P to Q, Q to R, and R to P name the figure formed.

52
 y axis

4
3
2
1
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x axis
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5

Triangle

Area = bh

= ×6units ×3units

= 9 sq units

MONEY (week 11 lesson 2)

Money is a measure of value and a medium of exchange for goods and services.

There are coins and notes (paper money).The notes have serial numbers.

FINDING THE NUMBER OF BANK NOTES

Examples

1. A trader went to New Creation bank and withdrew five thousand shilling bank
notes numbered from AP234500 to AP234599.

a) How many bank notes did he withdraw from the bank?

No. of bank notes=(Last note – First note) + 1

= AP234599

-AP234500

99 +1

No. of bank notes= 100 notes

53
b) How much money did he withdraw altogether?

1 note ----------------- 5000/=

100 notes-------------- 5000/= x 100

500000/=

He withdrew 500000/=

MK primary Mtcs book 6 pages 217 to 218

Supplementary Mtcs book 5, 6, and 7

CURRENCY CONVERSION (week 11 lesson 3)

A currency is the money used in a particular country.Different countries

use different currencies as shown by the table below.

COUNTRY CURRENCY SYMBOL

Uganda Shilling Ush

Kenya Shilling Ksh

Tanzania Shilling Tzsh

France Franc Ff

Zambia Kwacha Zk

Rwanda Franc Rf

Australia Dollar $

India Rupee Rs

Italy Lira Lit

Denmark Kronme (Nkr)

Libya Binar (Id)

COUNTRY CURRENCY SYMBOL

Spain Peseta (pta)

54
Greece Drachima (Dr)

Japan Yen Y

China Yuan

Nigeria Naira (n)

S. Africa Rand S.A Rand

Sudan Pound $sd

U.S.A US dollar $

Currency conversion

Example

1. Wandera has 20 US dollars. How much money in Ugandan shillings does he have
if 1 US dollar is equivalent to Ush.2600?

1 US dollar----------------Ush.2600

20 US dollars--------------Ush.2600 x20

Ush.52000

Wandera had Ush.52000

2. Anthony has Ush.960000, How many British Pounds will he get if Ush.3200 is
equivalent to 1 British Pound?

Ush.3200-------------------------1 pound

Ush.960000----------------------- 960000

3200

Anthony will get 300 British Pounds.

MK mtcs book 6 page Fountain Primary mtcs book 6 pages 189 to

195

55
TIME SPAN DURATION (week 11 lesson 4 and 5)

How many hours are there between 2:30am and 9:00 am?

Duration 9:00am

- 2:30am

6:30 = 6 hours 30 minutes

1
6 Hrs
2

The lesson started at 9:40am and ended at 1:20pm. How long did it take?

Duration = Ending time – Starting time

Ending time = 1:20pm = 1320Hrs

Starting time = 9:40am – 0940Hrs

= 1320Hrs 60 + 20 = 80

- 0940Hrs - 40

340 40

3 Hours 40 minutes

MK Primary MTC Bk 6 pg 224

Understanding MTC bk 6 pg 186

MORE ABOUT TIME

A forty minutes lesson started at 9:40am when did it end.?

Ending time = Starting time + Time taken

9:40am 40+40 = 80

+ 40 -60

1020 20

It ended at 10:20am
56
An examination took 2 hours and 15 minutes. If the examination ended at 1:30pm when did it
start?

Starting time = Ending time – Duration

1:30pm – 2Hrs Min

1:30pm – 1330Hrs

Hrs Min

13 30

-2 15

11 15

It started at 11:15am.

TIME TABLES

The timetable shows the departure and arrival time of a taxi at the given stations.

STATION ARRIVAL DEPARTURE

Kayabwe 8:15am

Buwama 8:35am 8:45am

Kamengo 9:10am 9:17am

Mpigi 9:47am 10:02am

Katende 10:15am 10:25am

Nsangi 10:40am 11:00am

Kyengera 11:30am 11:40am

Kampala 11:55am

NB: Time spent at a station = Departure – arrival

Time taken to travel from one station to another

= Arrival time at last station – Departure time at 1st station

At what time did the taxi arrive at Nsangi?

57
At 10:40am

At what time did the taxi leave Katende?

At 10:25am.

SPEED

Dis tan ce cov ered

Speed / average speed =
Timetaken

A car travels for 3 hours to cover a distance of 210KM. at what speed does the car travel?

Dis tan ce
Speed =
Time

210km
=
3Hrs

= 70 km / hr

A train travelled for 40 minutes and covered 280km. what was its average speed?

Dis tan ce cov ered

Average speed =
Timetaken

40
280 km ÷ hrs
60

60
280km x hrs
40

70 km x 6

420km / hr

Mk Primary MTC bk 6 pg 235.

Understanding MTC bk 6 pg 190.

Functional Primary MTC bk 6 pg 184

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DISTANCE SPEED AND TIME revision( week 11 lesson6)

Distance = Speed x Time

Find the distance travelled by a car in 3 hours at 60km / hr.

S = 60km/hr T= 3hrs

D=SxT

60km / hr x 3hrs

60km
x 3hrs
1hr

= 180km

A bus travelled at 120km / hr for 45 minutes.

Find the distance covered.

D=SxT

45
120km / hr x hrs
60

120km 45
x hrs
1hr 60

2km x 45

90km

A bus travelled at 50km / hr leaves Wanseko at 7:30am and arrives at Kampala at 1:30pm.
What is the distance between Kampala and Wanseko?

D=SxT D = 50km / hr x 6hrs

50
T = 1:30pm – 7:30am x 6hrs
1km

1330hrs 300km

- 730hrs

6hrs
59
FINDING TIME TAKEN

Dis tan ce
Time =
Speed

How long will a car take to cover a distance of 120km at a speed of 4okm /hr

Dis tan ce
Time =
Speed

120km
40km / hr

3hours

A car covered a distance of 120km at an average speed of 60km/hr. how much longer does it
take if it moves at 40km/hr.

Dis tan ce
Time = Time taken when using a speed of 40km/h
Speed

120km 120km
60km / hr 40km / hr

2hrs 3hrs

3hrs – 2hrs = 1 hours longer.

At 30km/hr a car covers a distance of 180km. How many hours does it take to cover the same
distance at 90km/hr.

MORE ABOUT SPEED (week 12 lesson1)

EXPRESSING KILOMETRES PER HOUR AS METRES PER SECOND

Express 72km/hr as metres per second.

Km = 1000m

72km = 72 x 1000m

72000m

1hr = 3600 sec

60
 72000m
Speed = = 20m/sec
3600 sec

Express 360km/hr as metres per second

1km = 1000m

360km = 360 x 1000m

360000m

1hr = 3600sec

360000m
3600 sec

100m/sec

Week 12 lesson 2

EXPRESSING METRES PER SECOND TO KILOMETRES PER HOUR

Express 20m/sec to km/hr

1000m = 1km

20
20m = km
1000

3600sec = 1hr

1
1sec = hr
3600

20 1
S = km ÷ hr
1000 3600

20 3600
km x hr
1000 1

= 72km/hr

Change 100m/sec to km/hr

1000m = 1km

61
 100
100m = km
1000

3600sec = 1hr

1
1sec = hrs
3600

100 1
S= km ÷ hrs
1000 3600

100 1
km x hr
1000 3600

360km / hr

FINDING AVERAGE SPEED (week 12 lesson 3 and 4)

A car takes 3 hours to cover a certain journey at 60km/hr but it takes only 2 hours to return
through the same distance. Calculate the average speed for the whole journey.

1st part of the journey 2nd journey

T = 3hrs Distance = 180km

S = 60km/hr T = 2hours

D=SxT

60km/hr x 3hrs

60km
x 3hr
1hr

180km

T .Dis tan ce
Average speed =
Totaltime

180km  180km
=
3hr  2hr

360km
=
5hrs

= 72km/hr

62
 TRAVEL GRAPHS ( week 12 lesson 5 and 6).

The total graph below shows the motorists journey from town A via town B to town C.
100 C

80

Distance 60

in km

40
B

20

0
1pm 2pm 3pm 4pm
A

Time
a) Find the scale on the vertical axis.

2sq 20km

20km
1sq rep
2

1sq rep 10km.

b) What was the horizontal axis represent?

Time

c) How far if town A from B? 40km

d) How far is town C from B?

100km – 40km

= 60km

e) For how long was he at town b?

63
 for 1 hour.

f) At what time did he leave town B?

2:30pm

g) Calculate the average speed of the motorists.

Distance = 100km

Time = 4hrs

100km
Speed =
4hrs

= 25 km/hr

Functional Pri NTC Bk 6 pg 198

Understanding MTC Bk 6 pg 149.

GREENHILL ACADEMY P.O

BOX 7490, KAMPALA. P.6
MATHEMATICS LESSON
NOTES
TERM TWO 2013

64
65
66
GREENHILL ACADEMY P.O
BOX 7490, KAMPALA. P.6
MATHEMATICS LESSON
NOTES
TERM TWO 2013

67