PMCA502L Java Programming

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Module 3
JavaFX
Event handling in JavaFX
 Types of Events
In general, the events are mainly classified into the following two types.
1. Foreground Events
Foreground events occur due to the direct interaction of the user with
the GUI of the application. Such as clicking the button, pressing a key,
selecting an item from the list, scrolling the page, etc.
2. Background Events
Background events doesn't require the user's interaction with the
application. These events mainly occur because of operating system
interrupts, failure, operation completion, etc.

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Events in JAVAFX
 JavaFX provides a wide variety of events. Some of them are listed below.
 Action Event
 Mouse Event
 Key Event
 Drag Event
 Window Event
 Scroll Event

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Events in JAVAFX
 JavaFX provides a wide variety of events. Some of them are listed below.
 Action Event – This is an input event that occurs when a user clicks on a button or
enters text in a text field or chooses an item from menu, etc. It is represented by
the class named ActionEvent.
 Mouse Event − This is an input event that occurs when a mouse is clicked. It is
represented by the class named MouseEvent. It includes actions like mouse
clicked, mouse pressed, mouse released, mouse moved, mouse entered target,
mouse exited target, etc.
 Key Event − This is an input event that indicates the key stroke occurred on a
node. It is represented by the class named KeyEvent. This event includes actions
like key pressed, key released and key typed.
 Drag Event − This is an input event which occurs when the mouse is dragged. It is
represented by the class named DragEvent. It includes actions like drag entered,
drag dropped, drag entered target, drag exited target, drag over, etc.
 Window Event − This is an event related to window showing/hiding actions. It is
represented by the class named WindowEvent. It includes actions like window
hiding, window shown, etc.
Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE
Processing Events in JavaFX
 The class javafx.event.Event contains all the subclasses representing the
types of Events that can be generated in JavaFX. Any event is an instance of
the class Event or any of its subclasses.
 There are various events in JavaFX i.e. MouseEvent, KeyEvent, ScrollEvent,
DragEvent, etc.
 We can also define our own event by inheriting the class javafx.event.Event

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

The properties of an event
Property Description

It represents source of the event i.e. the origin which is

1 Source
responsible to generate/trigger the event.

It is the node on which the event is generated. It remains

2 Target unchanged for the generated event. It is the instance of any of
the class that implements the EventTarget interface.

It is the type of the event that is being generated. It is basically

the instance of EventType class. It is hierarchical.
3 Event Type The instance of EventType class is further classified into various
type of events for example KeyEvent class contains
KEY_PRESSED, KEY_RELEASED, and KEY_TYPED types.

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Event handlers
 Event Handlers and Filters
 Event Handlers and filters contains application logic to process an event.
 A node can be registered to more than one Event Filter.
 The interface javafx.event.EventHandler must be implemented by all the event
handlers and filters.

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Adding Event Handlers
 The setOn____________() methods can also be used to register
an event handler.
 The setOn_______() methods take the appropriate event
handler reference as an argument.
 For example to register
Action Event we can use setOnAction()
Mouse Event we can use setOnMousePressed()
Key Event we can use setOnKeyTyped()

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Adding Event Handlers
 EventHandler is an interface that has an abstract method
public void handle(EventType e);

 The handle() method takes one argument that indicate the

reference of the object of a specified event type (example:
ActionEvent, MouseEvent, etc.,).
 The statements to handle the event should be placed within the
handle() method.

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Ways to create listener object
1) Create a class that implements the EventHandler interface and override the
handle() method.
 Pass the object of this class as an argument to addEventHandler() or setOn__()
methods.

class EHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent>

{
public void handle(ActionEvent e)
{
System.out.println("Button is pressed");
}
}
Assume an event handler should be registered for a button object.
Button b1 = new Button("Click");
b1.setOnAction(new EHandler());

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Ways to create listener object
2) Defining the class and creating the object can be done together.
Assume an event handler should be registered for a button object.
Button b1 = new Button("Click");
EventHandler<ActionEvent> event = new EventHandler<ActionEvent>()
{
public void handle(ActionEvent e)
{
System.out.println("Button is pressed");
}
}; //; is mandatory as the class definition is enclosed in an executable statement.
b1.setOnAction(event);

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Ways to create listener object
3) The definition of the class can be done within the setOn___() method (Method
local inner class).
Assume an event handler should be registered for a button object.
Button b1 = new Button("Click");
b1.setOnAction( new EventHandler<ActionEvent>()
{
public void handle(ActionEvent e)
{
System.out.println("Button is pressed");
}
});

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

 Adding Event Handlers
 To add an event handler to a node, addEventHandler( ) method of the Node class can also
be used to register the handler.
 addEventHandler( ) method takes two arguments – the event type and the reference of the
event handler.
//Creating the mouse event handler
EventHandler<MouseEvent> eventHandler = new EventHandler<MouseEvent>()
{
public void handle(MouseEvent e)
{
System.out.println("Hello World");
circle.setFill(Color.BLUE);
}
};
//Adding the event handler
circle.addEventHandler(MouseEvent.MOUSE_CLICKED, eventHandler);
//The handle() method in the event handler is called when user clicks on the circle
Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE
JavaFX TextField
TextField textField = new TextField();
Button btn = new Button("Click to get text");
btn.setOnAction(new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
public void handle(ActionEvent event) {
System.out.println(textField.getText());
}
});
HBox hbox = new HBox(textField, button);

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Example – Arithmetic Operation using JavaFX
//import the required packages
public class JavaFXArithmetic extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
Label l1 = new Label("Enter Number1:");
TextField t1 = new TextField();
Label l2 = new Label("Enter Number2:");
TextField t2 = new TextField();
Label l3 = new Label("Result:");
TextField t3 = new TextField();
t3.setEditable(false);
Button add = new Button("Add");
Button sub = new Button("Subtract");
Button mul = new Button("Multiply");

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

 EventHandler<ActionEvent> event=new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(t2.getText());
int result=0;
if(((Button)e.getSource()).getText().equals("Add"))
{
result=n1+n2;
t3.setText(result+"");
}
else if(((Button)e.getSource()).getText().equals("Subtract"))
{
result=n1-n2;
t3.setText(result+"");
}
else if(((Button)e.getSource()).getText().equals("Multiply"))
{
result=n1*n2;
t3.setText(result+"");
}
}
Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE
};
 add.setOnAction(event);
sub.setOnAction(event);
mul.setOnAction(event);
GridPane root = new GridPane();
root.addRow(0,l1,t1);
root.addRow(1,l2,t2);
root.addRow(2,l3,t3);
root.addRow(3,add,sub,mul);
Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 600);

primaryStage.setTitle("JavaFX Arithmetic");
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

JavaFx menus
 JavaFX Menu
 JavaFX provides a Menu class to implement menus. Menu is the main component of
any application. In JavaFX, javafx.scene.control.Menu class provides all the
methods to deal with menus. This class needs to be instantiated to create a Menu.
 The following sample of code shows the implementation of JavaFX menu.
 ManuBar menubar = new MenuBar(); //creating MenuBar
 Menu MenuName = new Menu("Menu Name"); //creating Menu
 MenuItem MenuItem1 = new MenuItem("Menu Item 1 Name"); //creating Menu Item

 MenuName.getItems().add(MenuItem1); //adding Menu Item to the Menu

 menubar.getMenus().add(MenuName); //adding Menu to the MenuBar

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Example
MenuBar menubar = new MenuBar();
Menu FileMenu = new Menu(“File");
MenuItem filemenu1=new MenuItem(“New Ctrl+N");
MenuItem filemenu2=new MenuItem(“Open Ctrl+O");
MenuItem filemenu3=new MenuItem(“Save Ctrl+S");
Menu EditMenu=new Menu(“Edit");
MenuItem EditMenu1=new MenuItem("Cut");
MenuItem EditMenu2=new MenuItem("Copy");
MenuItem EditMenu3=new MenuItem("Paste");
EditMenu.getItems().addAll(EditMenu1,EditMenu2,EditMenu3);
FileMenu.getItems().addAll(filemenu1,filemenu2,filemenu3);
menubar.getMenus().addAll(FileMenu,EditMenu);

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

//import the required packages Example
public class JavaFXMenu extends Application {
public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
MenuBar menubar = new MenuBar();
Menu FileMenu = new Menu("File");
MenuItem filemenu1=new MenuItem("New Ctrl+N");
MenuItem filemenu2=new MenuItem("Open Ctrl+O");
MenuItem filemenu3=new MenuItem("Save Ctrl+S");

Menu EditMenu=new Menu("Edit");

MenuItem editmenu1=new MenuItem("Cut");
MenuItem editmenu2=new MenuItem("Copy");
MenuItem editmenu3=new MenuItem("Paste");

EditMenu.getItems().addAll(editmenu1,editmenu2,editmenu3);
FileMenu.getItems().addAll(filemenu1,filemenu2,filemenu3);

menubar.getMenus().addAll(FileMenu,EditMenu);

// label to display events

Label l1 = new Label("\t\t\t\t"+ "no menu item selected");

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

 // create events for menu items - action event
EventHandler<ActionEvent> event = new EventHandler<ActionEvent>() {
public void handle(ActionEvent e) {
l1.setText("\t\t\t\t" + ((MenuItem)e.getSource()).getText() + " selected");
}
};
// add event
filemenu1.setOnAction(event);
filemenu2.setOnAction(event);
filemenu3.setOnAction(event);
editmenu1.setOnAction(event);
editmenu2.setOnAction(event);
editmenu3.setOnAction(event);
VBox vb = new VBox(menubar,l1);
Scene scene = new Scene(vb, 300, 250);
primaryStage.setTitle("Sample Menu");
primaryStage.setScene(scene);
primaryStage.show();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
launch(args);
}
} Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE
Output

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

JavaFX PasswordField
 Package: javafx.scene.control.PasswordField
 Constructors
 PasswordField p1 = new PasswordField();
 Methods

p1.setPromptText("Your password");
String str = t1.getText();

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

JavaFX PasswordField

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

JavaFX RadioButton
RadioButton radioButton1 = new RadioButton("Left");
RadioButton radioButton2 = new RadioButton("Right");
RadioButton radioButton3 = new RadioButton("Up");
RadioButton radioButton4 = new RadioButton("Down");
ToggleGroup toggleGroup = new ToggleGroup();
radioButton1.setToggleGroup(toggleGroup);
radioButton2.setToggleGroup(toggleGroup);
radioButton3.setToggleGroup(toggleGroup);
radioButton4.setToggleGroup(toggleGroup);
HBox hbox = new HBox(radioButton1, radioButton2, radioButton3, radioButton4);

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

JavaFX RadioButton

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE

Other Methods of RadioButton

 isSelected(): This method returns whether the radio button is selected or

not.
 setSelected(boolean x): This method sets whether the radio button is
selected or not.
 setToggleGroup(ToggleGroup g): This method sets the toggle group for the
radio button.
 getText(): It returns the text label for the radio button.
JavaFX CheckBox
CheckBox checkBox1 = new CheckBox("Green");
HBox hbox = new HBox(checkBox1);

Reading Selected State

boolean isSelected = checkBox1.isSelected();

Thilagavathi M, AP(Sr.), SCORE