Experiment -01

Write a program and algorithm and draw the follow chart for displaying the statement
"Hello World!".

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Display Hello World!
 Step 3: Stop

Follow Chart:

Start

Print "Hello World!"

End

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#inclide<conio.h>
void main()
{
printf("Hello World!");
getch();
}

Output:

~1~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 02

Write a program for adding two variables, display the result and draw the follow chart.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input the value of a and b
 Step 3: Calculate c=a+b
 Step 4: Display c
 Step 5: Stop

Follow Chart:

Start

Input a and b

c=a+b

Display c

End

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{

~2~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 int a, b, c;
printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
c = a + b;
printf("The sum of %d and %d is %d.\n", a,b,c);
return 0;
}

Output:

~3~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 03

Write an algorithm and draw the follow chart to find the area of circle.

Algorithm:

 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input Radius of circle
 Step 3: Calculate Area = pi*r*r
 Step 4: Display Area of circle
 Step 5: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input the radius of circle

Area = pi*r*r

Display Area of circle

End

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#define PI 3.14159
int main()

~4~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

{
float radius, area;
printf("Enter the radius of circle:");
scanf("%f",&radius);
area=PI*radius*radius;
printf("The area of circle is : %f\n",area);
return 0;
}

Output:

~5~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 04

Write an algorithm and draw the flow chat to find the area of rectangle.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input length and width
 Step 3: Calculate Area = length and width
 Step 4: Print Area
 Step 5: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input length and width

Area = length * width

Display Area of rectangle

End

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float length, width, area;
printf("Enter the length of the rectangle: ");
scanf("%f", &length);

~6~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 printf("Enter the width of the rectangle: ");
scanf("%f", &width);

area = length*width;
printf("The area of the rectangle with length is : %f\n", area);

return 0;
}

Output:

~7~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 05

Write an algorithm for division of two variables and display the result also draw the follow
chart.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input the value of a and b
 Step 3: Calculate c=a/b
 Step 4: Display c
 Step 5: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input the value of a and b

c = a/b

Display c

End

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{
int a, b, c;

~8~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
c = a / b;
printf("The division of %d and %d is %d.\n", a,b,c);
return 0;
}

Output:

~9~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 06

Write an algorithm for multiply of two variables and display result and draw a follow
chart.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input the value of x and y
 Step3: Calculate z = x*y
 Step 4: Display z
 Step 5: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input the value of x and y

z = x*y

Display z

End

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{

~ 10 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 int x, y, z;
printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &x);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%d", &y);
z = x*y;
printf("The multiplication of %d and %d is %d.\n", x,y,z);
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 11 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 07

Write an algorithm for subtraction of two variables and display the result and draw the
flow chat.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input the value of a and b
 Step 3: Calculate c = a-b
 Step 4: Display c
 Step 5: Stop

Flow chart:

Start

Input the value of a and b

c = a-b

Display c

End

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{

~ 12 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 int a, b, c;
printf("Enter the first number: ");
scanf("%d", &a);
printf("Enter the second number: ");
scanf("%d", &b);
c = a - b;
printf("The Subtraction of %d and %d is %d.\n", a,b,c);
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 13 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 08

Write a program to calculate simple interest and draw the flow chart.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input principle, time and rate
 Step 3: Calculate s = (p*t*r)/100
 Step 4: Display s
 Step 5: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input p, t and r

s = (p*t*r)/100

Display s

End

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

int main()
{
int p, t, r, s;

~ 14 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 printf("Enter the Princple Amount: ");
scanf("%d", &p);
printf("Enter the Time: ");
scanf("%d", &t);
printf("Enter the Rate: ");
scanf("%d", &r);
s = (p*t*r)/100;
printf("The Simple Interest is: %d.\n", s);
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 15 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 09

Write an algorithm and draw the flow chart to declare that given age is adult or child.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input age
 Step 3: If age>=18 then display "Adult" else display "Child"
 Step 4: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input age

No Yes

Yes If age>=18
Ye s

Display " You Display " You

are a child " are an adult "

End Ye s
Yes

~ 16 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int age;

printf("Enter your age: ");

scanf("%d", &age);

if (age >= 18) {

printf("You are an adult.\n");
} else {
printf("You are a child.\n");
}

return 0;
}

Output:

~ 17 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 10

Write a program to find the given number in odd number or even number and draw flow
chart.

Algorithm:
 Step 1: Start
 Step 2: Input number
 Step 3: If number/2 == 0 then display number in even number else display number is odd
number.
 Step 4: Stop

Flow Chart:

Start

Input Number

No Yes
If
Yes Number/2
Ye s
==0

Display "Number is Display "Number is

odd number." even number."

End
Yes Ye s

~ 18 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &number);

if (number % 2 == 0)
{
printf("%d is an even number.\n", number);
}
else
{
printf("%d is an odd number.\n", number);
}

return 0;
}

Output:

~ 19 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 11

Write a program to find the greater number among two numbers.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int max, a,b;
printf("Enter First number:");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter Second number:");
scanf("%d",&b);
max=a>b ? a:b;
printf("The greatest number is %d",max);

getch();

Output:

~ 20 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 12

Write a program to find greatest number among two number using term and condition.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int max, a,b;
printf("Enter First number:");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter Second number:");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("%d is greatest number.",a>b?a:b);

getch();

Output:

~ 21 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 13

Write a program to find greatest number among 3 numbers.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
printf("Enter First number:");
scanf("%d",&a);
printf("Enter Second number:");
scanf("%d",&b);
printf("Enter Third number:");
scanf("%d",&c);
if(a>b)
{
if(a>c)
{
printf("%d is a greatest number",a);
}
else
{
printf("%d is greatest number",c);
}
}
else
{
if (b>c)
{
printf("%d is a greatest number",b);
}
else
{
printf("%d is the greatest number",c);
}
}
getch();
}

~ 22 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

Output:

~ 23 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 14

Write a program to find the given number is positive or negative or zero.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()

{
int n;
printf("Enter a number:");
scanf("%d", &n);
if (n>0)
{
printf("%d is a positive number",n);

}
else if (n<0)
{
printf("%d is negative number",n);
}
else
{
printf("%d is a Zero",n);
}
getch();

Output:

~ 24 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 15

Write a program to find given numer is zero or not.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
printf("Enter a number:");
scanf("%d",&a);
if (a==0)
{
printf("You have enter Zero.");
}
else
{
printf("You number is not equal to zero.");
}
getch();
}

Output:

~ 25 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment - 16

Write a program to print address of variable using pointer.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()

{
int n=10;
int *p;
p=&n;
printf("\n%d, %d, %d",n,*p,p);

getch();

Output:

~ 26 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 17

Write a program to show the use of pointer to pointer.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()

{
int a=3000;
int *ptr1;
int **ptr2;
ptr1=&a;
ptr2=&ptr1;
printf("The value of a is: %d",a);
printf("\nThe value available at ptr1 is: %d",*ptr1);
printf("\nThe value available ate ptr2 is: %d",**ptr2);
getch();

Output:

~ 27 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 18

Write a program to print 1 to n numbers using while loop.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main ()

{
int i,n;
printf("Enter the number you want to print the series:");
scanf("%d",&n);
while (i<=n)
{
printf("%d ",i);
i++;
}
getch();

Output:

~ 28 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 19

Write a program to create 2X2 array and insert the element in it and display them.

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[2][2];
int i, j;
printf("Enter elements for the 2x2 array:\n");
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
printf("Enter element at position [%d][%d]: ", i, j);
scanf("%d", &arr[i][j]);
}
}
printf("\nThe 2x2 array is:\n");
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 2; j++)
{
printf("%d ", arr[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 29 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 20
Write a program to print order number fill n.
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i=1, n;
printf("Enter the number to fill you want to print the odd numbers: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
while (i<=n)
{
if (i%2!=0)
{
printf("\n%d",i);
i++;
}
getch();
}
}

Output:

~ 30 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 21

Write a program to concatenate two string using library function.

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char name[10];
char l_name[10];
printf("Enter your name: ");
scanf("%s",&name);
printf("\nEnter your last name: ");
scanf("%s",&l_name);
strcat(name, " ");
strcat(name,l_name);
printf("\nYour complete name is: %s",name);
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 31 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 22

Write a program to print the string in uppercase.

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char a[10];
printf("Enter any text: ");
scanf("%s",&a);
strupr(a);
printf("\nYou enter the text as %s",a);
getch();

Output:

~ 32 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 23

Write a program to input two number and defining them are positive or negative using go
to.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main()
{
int num1, num2;

printf("Enter the first number: ");

scanf("%d", &num1);
if (num1 < 0)
goto negative;

printf("Enter the second number: ");

scanf("%d", &num2);

if (num2 < 0)
goto negative;

printf("\nBoth numbers are positive");

getch();
return 0;

negative:
printf("\nBoth numbers are negative");
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 33 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 24

Write a program to create the file "Shiv.txt" and write text "Welcome to my file".

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
FILE *ptr;
ptr=fopen("D:\\Shiv.txt","w");
if (ptr==NULL)
{
printf("\nFile is not found");
exit(1);
}
else
{
printf("\nFile has been successfully created");
}
fputs("\nWel-come to my file",ptr);
fclose(ptr);
getch();
}

Output:

~ 34 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 25

Write a program to read the content of a Shiv.txt file.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char s[100];
FILE *ptr;
ptr=fopen("D:\\test.txt","r");
if (ptr==NULL)
{
printf("\nFile cannot be opened");
exit(1);
}
fgets(s,100,ptr);
printf("\nThe content of the file is:\t%s",s);
fclose(ptr);
getch();
}

Output:

~ 35 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 26

Write a program to print even number from 2 to n using continue statement.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
if (n < 2)
{
printf("There are no even numbers less than 2.\n");
return 0;
}
printf("Even numbers from 2 to %d:\n", n);
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
{

if (i % 2 != 0)
{

continue;
}
printf("%d ", i);
}

return 0;
}

utput:O

~ 36 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 27

Write a program to print even number fill 10 using for loop.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
printf("First 10 even numbers:\n");
int i;
for ( i = 2; i <= 20; i += 2)
{
if (i%2==0)
{
printf("%d ", i);
}
}
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 37 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 28

Write a program to generate the Fibonacci series using recursive function.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
long fib(int);
void main()
{
int terms,i;
printf("\nEnter the terms you want to print the fabonacci series:\t");
scanf("%d",&terms);
for(i=1;i<=terms;i++)
printf("\t%d",fib(i));
getch();
}
long int fib(int x)
{
if (x==1)
{
return 0;
}
else if (x==2)
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return (fib(x-1)+fib(x-2));
}
}

Output:

~ 38 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 29

Write a program to print the series 1, 2, 3, ………… n.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter the last number for series: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("\nSeries from 1 to %d:\n", n);
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
{
printf("%d ", i);
}
printf("\n");

return 0;
}

Output:

~ 39 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 30

Write a program to read integer type of element from keyboard and store them in array
and also display them.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main()
{
int arr[5];
int i;

printf("Enter the 5 elements of the array: ");

for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}

printf("\nThe elements of the array you entered are: ");

for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}

getch();
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 40 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 31

Write a program to print your name for five times using for loop.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
printf("Shiv Prasad Sharma\n");
}

return 0;
}

Output:

~ 41 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 32

Write a program to insert n elements in an array and display in reverse order.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
int arr[100];
int i, n;
printf("Enter the number of elements you want to insert: ");
scanf("%d", &n);

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

{
printf("Element %d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%d", &arr[i]);
}
printf("\nElements in reverse order:\n");
for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 42 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 33

Write a program to print the multiplication table of n.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
int n, i;
printf("Enter the number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
i = 1;
printf("Multiplication table of %d:\n", n);
while (i <= 10) {
printf("%d * %d = %d\n", n, i, n * i);
i++;
}

return 0;
}

Output:

~ 43 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 34

Write a program to find the factorial of any number using recursive function.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
long int fact(int);
void main()
{
int num;
long int factorial;
printf("\nEnter the number you want to find the factorial of:");
scanf("%d",&num);
factorial=fact(num);
printf("\nThe factorial of %d is: %d",num,factorial);
getch();
}
long int fact(int x)
{
if (x==1)
{
return 1;
}
else
{
return (x*fact(x-1));
}
}

Output:

~ 44 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 35

Write a program to find the name of day by number using switch case statement.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter the number you want to display the day: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
switch(n)
{
case 1:
printf("\nIt's Sunday");
break;
case 2:
printf("\nIt's Monday");
break;
case 3:
printf("\nIt's Tuesday");
break;
case 4:
printf("\nIt's Wednesday");
break;
case 5:
printf("\nIt's Thursday");
break;
case 6:
printf("\nIt's Friday");
break;
case 7:
printf("\nIt's Saturday");
default:
printf("\nYou enter wrong choice");
}
getch();
return (0);
}

~ 45 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

Output:

~ 46 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 36

Write a program to result sheet with total mark, percentage and division.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()

{
float nep, eng, math, phy, chem, bio, comp;
printf("Enter the mark in Nepali:");
scanf("%f",&nep);
printf("Enter the mark in English:");
scanf("%f",&eng);
printf("Enter the mark in Math:");
scanf("%f",&math);
printf("Enter the mark in Physical:");
scanf("%f",&phy);
printf("Enter the mark in Chemestry:");
scanf("%f",&chem);
printf("Enter the mark in Biology:");
scanf("%f",&bio);
printf("Enter the mark in Computer:");
scanf("%f",&comp);
int total;
total = nep+eng+math+phy+chem+bio+comp;
printf("\nYour total mark is:%d",total);
int percentage;
percentage = (nep+eng+math+phy+chem+bio+comp)/7;
printf("\nYour percentage is:%d",percentage);
if(percentage>=80)
{
printf("\nYou Score Distinction.");
}
else if(percentage>=60)
{
printf("\nYou Score First Division.");
}
else if(percentage>=40)
{
printf("\nYou Score Second Division.");

~ 47 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 }
else
{
printf("\nYou are Fail.");
}
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 48 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 37

Write a program to show the use of function call by reference.

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void swap(int*,int*);
void main()
{
int x,y;
x=50; y=70;
printf("\nBefore function calling, a and b are: %d and %d",x,y);
swap(&x,&y);
printf("\nAfter function calling, a and b are: %d and %d",x,y);
getch();
return 0;
}
void swap(int *a, int *b)
{
int temp;
temp=*a;
*a=*b;
*b=temp;
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 49 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 38

Write a program to show the use of function call by value.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

void swap(int *, int *);

int main() {
int x = 50, y = 70;

printf("Before function calling, X and Y are: %d and %d\n", x, y);

swap(&x, &y);
printf("After function calling, X and Y are: %d and %d\n", x, y);

getch();
return 0;
}

void swap(int *a, int *b) {

int temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}

Output:

~ 50 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 39
Write a program to insert the details of students like name and roll number and display
them.
Program:
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct
{
char name[50];
int roll_number;
} Student;
int main()
{
Student students[100];
int num_students;
printf("Enter the number of students: ");
scanf("%d", &num_students);
for (int i = 0; i < num_students; i++)
{
printf("Enter details for student %d:\n", i + 1);
printf("Name: ");
scanf("%s", students[i].name);
printf("Roll Number: ");
scanf("%d", &students[i].roll_number);
}
printf("\nDetails of all students:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < num_students; i++)
{
printf("Student %d\n", i + 1);
printf("Name: %s\n", students[i].name);
printf("Roll Number: %d\n", students[i].roll_number);
}
return 0;
}
Output:

~ 51 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 40

Write a program to illustrate the array of structure.

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct student
{
char name[30];
int roll;
float marks;
};
int main()
{
struct student s[3];
int i;
for (i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("Enter the name, roll number, marks of student: ");
scanf("%s %d %f",s[i].name,&s[i].roll,&s[i].marks);
}
printf("\nInputed details are: ");
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
{
printf("\nName: %s",s[i].name);
printf("\nRoll: %d",s[i].roll);
printf("\nMarks: %0.2f",s[i].marks);
}
getch();
}

Output:

~ 52 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 41

Write a program to write string in the file.

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE *file;
char str[100];
file = fopen("output.txt", "w");
if (file == NULL)
{
printf("Error opening file!\n");
return 1;
}
printf("Enter a string to write to the file: ");
fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
fprintf(file, "%s", str);
fclose(file);
printf("String successfully written to file.\n");
return 0;
}

Output:

~ 53 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 42

Write a program to read the string in reverse order.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
char str[100];
printf("Enter a string: ");
fgets(str, sizeof(str), stdin);
int length = strlen(str);
printf("String in reverse order: ");
for (int i = length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%c", str[i]);
}
printf("\n");

return 0;
}

Output:

~ 54 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

 Experiment – 43

Write a program to read the name and mark of n numbers of student and store them in a
file.

Program:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
FILE *file;
char filename[100];
int n,i;
printf("Enter the filename to store student details: ");
scanf("%s", filename);
file = fopen(filename, "w");
if (file == NULL) {
printf("Error opening file!\n");
return 1;
}
printf("Enter the number of students: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
char name[100];
int marks;

printf("Enter name of student %d: ", i + 1);

scanf("%s", name);
printf("Enter marks of student %d: ", i + 1);
scanf("%d", &marks);
fprintf(file, "%s %d\n", name, marks);
}
fclose(file);

printf("Student details successfully stored in file.\n");

return 0;
}

~ 55 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma

Output:

~ 56 ~ Shiv Prasad Sharma