Maths Advanced level Problem Solving (ALPS-4)_Solution
Maths Advanced level Problem Solving (ALPS-4)_Solution
tet
2
1 t 3 1 2 1
The integral reduces to I e 2 t dt et c esin x 3 sin 2 x c esin x 1 cos2 x c
2 2 2 2 2
1 sec2 x
2.(AB) I sin 2 x 4cos2 x tan 2 x 4dx
dx
dt dt 1 1 1
Let tan x t ,sec2 xdx dt t 2 4 t 2t 2 4 t 2 t 2 dt
1 1
3.(AB) f ( x) e x e x f (t )dt e x k e x where k f (t )dt
0 0
1
e 1 e 1 ex
k et ket dt e ke 1 k k , thus f ( x) e x 1
2e 2e 2e
0
1
Obviously, f (0) 0
2e
ex
Also, f '( x) 0 for x R.
2e
1
1 1
ex ex e 1
Also, f ( x ) dx 2e dx
2e
0
0 0 2 e 0
3x 3x 1
4.(A) f '( x) 0 x 0 f '( x ) , x 1
1 x 2
1 x 2
1 x2
x x
1
f '( x)dx dx f ( x) tan 1 x tan 1 1 f ( x) π / 4 tan 1 x
1 1 x
2
1
dy dy 2 y cot x 4 y 2 cot 2 x 4 y 2
5.(ABCD) Solving for , we obtain y( cot x cos ecx)
dx dx 2
dy
Thus, we have ( cot x cos ec x)dx
y
x
c tan
x 2 c c
log y logsin x log tan log c y
2 sin x 2cos 2
x 1 cos x
2
dy c C
Solving ( cot x cos ecx)dx, we get y x 2sin 1 .
y 1 cos x 2y
dy
6.(AB) Rewriting the given equation, we get x(en1) y 1)
dx
dy 1 (n 1)e( n1) y x4
n 1 (e( n1) y 1)e( n1) y
xdx dy C
e( n1) y 1 2
1 du x2 ( n 1) y 1 u 1 x2
n 1 u (u 1) 2
C (where u e ) log C
n 1 u 2
1 e( n1) y 1 x 2 2
log ( n1) y C e( n 1) y C e( n 1) y ( n 1) x /2 1
n 1 e 2
If F x xsin x esin x ln x f x F x xF x xF x C
f x x.xsin x C
1 x 1 1 x 1
8.(2.05) x tan 2 tan 1
1 x 1
dx
1 x 1
Put x tan 2
1
dx 2 tan sec2 d
2 x
dx 4 tan 3 sec 2 d
1 tan 2 1 1 tan 2 1
tan 2 tan 2 tan 1
1 tan 2 1
1 tan 1
2
4 tan 3 sec 2 d
1 cos 1 cos
I 4 tan5 sec 2 . tan (2 tan 1 d
1 cos 1 cos
I 4 tan 5 sec2 . tan (2 tan 1 tan d
4 2
I 4 tan5 sec2 . tan d ;
2
I 4 tan 4 sec2 d
4
I tan 5 c
5
4 5/4
I x c
5
π/2 π/2
9.(3) We have f ( x) sin x (sin x t f (t ))dt sin x πsin x t f (t )dt
π/2 π/2
f ( x) (π 1)sin x A
π/2
π/2
Now, A t ((π 1)sin t A)dt 2(π 1) t sin t dt A 2(π 1)
π/2 0 ( I ) ( II )
(By part)
Hence, f ( x) (π 1)sin x 2(π 1).
Therefore, f max. 3(π 1) M
M
and f min. (π 1) m. 3
m
1
10.(0.33) Here, f x e x 0 e . f t dt
t
….(i)
A say
f x Ae x f t Aet
1 1 1
Where, A 0 et . f t dt A 0 0
et . Aet dt ; A A e2t dt 0
Hence, f x 0 f 1 0
1
Again, g x e x 0 e g t dt x
t
g x Be x x ….(ii)
g t Bet t
0 e g t dt B 0 e Be t dt
1 t 1 1
Where, B BB 0 e dt 0 e .t.dt
t t t 2t t
1
and tet dt 1
1
0
1 2
But e 2t
dt e 1
2 0
B
B 2
2
e 1 1 2 B B e 1 2 3B Be 2 2
2
B
2
3 e2
2 x 2
From Equation (ii), g x 2
e x g 0
3e 3 e2
Also, f 0 0
2 2 2e 2 6 g 0 2 3 e2 1
g 0 f 0 0 ; g 2 2 .
3 e2 3 e2 3 e2 3 e2 g 2 3e 2 6 3
2
4 2esin x 16 esin t
1 1
k
dt F t F 16 F 1
16
11.(4) dx 4 k 16
x t 1 4
Day – 2
cot x
12.(BD) I cos ecx 1 dx
cos ecx 1
dx
Put cosecx t
dt
I
t t 1
Put t 1 u2
2udu
I 2 tan 1 u c
So that
u u 1 2
13.(AC) f x x x 2 1 dx x2 x 2
2 2
x 1 log x x 2 1 c
2 a 2
| x a | dx 1 (a x)dx ( x a)dx 1
0 0 a
2 2
a a
2 2a 1 a 2 2a 1 0 (a 1)2 0
2 2
For a 2,
2 2
3
| x a | dx 1 (a x)dx 1 2a 2 1 a 2
0 0
a2
b
15.(ABD) We know a | sin x | dx represents the area under the curve from x a to x b. We also know that area
from x a to x a π is 2.
b 8π
a | sin x | dx 8 b a 2 (1)
a b 9π
Similarly, 0 | cos x | dx 9 a b 0
2
(2)
π 17π
From (1) and (2), a and b
4 4
9π a b
| a b | ,| a b | 4π, 17 and a sec xdx [tan x]17π/4
π/4 0 .
2
2 b
dy
16.(CD) Y y X x
dx
dx dy
A x y , 0 , B 0, y x
dy dx
dx
3 x y 0
dy
x,
4
dy dy dx
x 3y 0 ; 3 0
dx y x
ny 3 nx nc yx3 c 1, as f (1) = 1
17.(AB) f x g x f x g x c f x g x cx d
f 1 4, g 1 2 c2
f 2 9, g 2 3 d 2
f x g x 2x 2
f " x f x 1
e . x f ' x dx e . x
f x
19.(2.14) since c
f ' x
2 f ' x
So I e x sin x cos x x
1
c
x cos x
3x 2 1 1
20.(4) Given f ( x) x3 x (4 x3 6 x2 4 x 1)
2 4 4
1
(4 x3 6 x 2 4 x 1 2)
4
1 2
f ( x) [ x 4 (1 x)4 ]
4 4
1 2 2 2
f (1 x) [(1 x) 4 x 4 ] f ( x) f (1 x) 1 (1)
4 4 4 4
Replacing x by f ( x) we have f [ f ( x)] f [1 f ( x)] 1 (2)
3/4
Now I f ( f ( x))dx (3)
1/4
3/4 3/4
Also, I f ( f (1 x))dx f (1 f ( x))dx (4) [using (1)]
1/4 1/4
3/4 3/4
Adding (3) and (4), 2 I f ( f ( x)) f (1 f ( x)) dx dx
1/4 1/4
1 1
2I I
2 4
1
I I 1 4
4
x
21.(8.15) Given, f f x f y Putting, x y 1, f 1 0
y
h
f 1
f x h f x
lim
x
Now, f ' x lim [from Eq. (i)]
h 0 h h 0 h
h
f 1
lim
x
h 0 h
.x
x
3 f 1 x
f ' x sin ce, lim 3
x x 0 x
f x 3log x c
Putting x 1 c 0 f x 3log x y
3 3
xdy e
3
Required area y /3
dy 3 e y /3 3 e 0 3e sq units
d2y d 2 z dz
sec2 z. .2sec2 z.tan z .….(ii)
dx 2 dx 2 dx
2 1 y dy 2 2 1 tan z 4 dz
2
Now 1 1 .sec z. dx
1 y 2 dx sec2 z
2 2 2
dz dz dz
1 2 1 tan z sec2 z 1 2sec2 z 2 tan z.sec2 z …..(iii)
dx dx dx
From (ii) and (iii), we have RHS of (ii) = RHS of (iii)
Day – 3
1 1
23.(ABD) F x dx dx
4 3cos x 5sin x
2 2
9 8cos2 x
sec2 x sec2 x 1
dx dx tan 1 3tan x c g x 3tan x
9sec x 8
2
1 9 tan x
2
3
g 3
4
sin x cos x
24.(AC) We have I dx cos ec 1 g x c
sin x cos x sin x cos x sin x cos x
2 2
cos 2 x
I dx
1 sin 2 x sin x cos x sin 2 x cos 2 x
dy
Let 1 sin 2x y I I cos ec 1 y c
y y 1
2
x
2tdt , x 0 2 x
x 0 t 0 , x 0
x , x 0
2
25.(ABC) g ( x) 2 | t | dt x| x|
x x
t , x 0
2
x 2
, x 0
2tdt , x 0 0
0
0
Clearly, continuous and differentiable at x 0
2 x , x 0
Also, g '( x) which is non-differentiable at x 0.
2 x, x 0
x t x
e ex et
26.(AB) f ( x) x dt e x f '( x) x dt e x
t x t
1 1
x t
e
f '( x) dt 0 x [1, ) f ( x) is an increasing function.
t
1
27.(BC)
dy
6 x2
dx 2 y cos y
2 y cos y dy 6x dx
2
y2 sin y 2x3 c and c 2
2
ddx2y 2 x dydx
2
y12 dx x2 1 dx
y 2x
28.(AD) x 2 1 n y1 n x 2 1 nc
y1 c x 2 1 and c 3 dy 3 x
2
1 dx y x3 3 x 1
29.(2) k x
x 2
1 dx
x
1/3
3
3x 6
Put x3 3x 6 t 3 3 x 2 1 dx 3t 2 dt
t 2 dt t 2
k x C
t 2
1 3 2/3
k x x 3x 6 C
2
1 2/3
k 1 2 C C 0
2
30.(1) I
e x cos x 1 e x sin x x
e x sin x x
dx
I ln e x sin x x x c ; f x e x sin x x
f x g x
g x x so f x g x e x sin x 1
e x sin x
x
31.(6) Given f 3 ( x) t. f 2 (t )dt
0
Differentiating, 3 f 2 ( x) f '( x) xf 2 ( x)
x x2
f ( x) 0 f '( x) ; f ( x) C
3 6
But f (0) 0 C 0
f (6) 6
dy
32.(8) 2ty t 2
dt
2 2 2
I.F. = et Solution is y et t t et dt
t2
2 e 1 2
y.et t. et dt C
2 2
t 2
t 2 e dt 2
y e t Ce t
2 2
2
et
y 1 1
2
lim lim 2
t t 2 t t 2
te
dy dy dx 1 dy dy 2 y sin 1 x
33.(8) 2 equation,
dx2 dx dx 2 x dx dx x x
I.F. e x e2ln x x 2
2
dx
sin 1 x 2
y x2 x
x dx
x2 x2
1
sin 1 x . dx
2 1 x2 2
1 1 x2 1
1 2 1
x sin x dx
2 2 1 x2
1 2 1 1 1 dx
x sin x 1 x 2 dx
2 2 1 x2 2
y x2
1
2
1
2 x 2 1 sin 1 x x 1 x 2 c
4
y 1 12
1
4
2 1 0
2
8
Day – 4
x 2sin x 2 1 sin 2 x 2 1 dx x 1dx
2
34.(AB) We have been given that I
2sin x 2 1 sin 2 x 2 1
I x tan
2
1 1 1
2 x 2 3x 3 2( x 2 2 x 2) ( x 1) 2 1
( x 1) dx
x2 2 x 2
36.(ACD)
x 1 x 2 2 x 2
dx
0 0 ( x 1) x 2 2 x 2 0
1
2log( x 1) tan 1( x 1)
0
2log 2 tan 1 2 tan 11
π
2log 2 tan 1 2
4
π π
log 4 cot 1 2
2 4
π
log 4 cot 1 2
4
2 1 1 1
From equation (1), I 2log 2 tan 1 1
2log 2 tan 3 2log 2 cot 3
1 2 1
π/2 π/2
sin(2n 1) x sin(2n 1) x
37.(AD) An1 An sin x
2cos 2nx d x 0
0 0
An1 An
π/2 π/2
sin 2 (n 1) x sin 2 nx sin(2n 1) x
Bn1 Bn sin x 2
dx sin x
dx An1
0 0
38.(AB) Given equation of conic having its axis along the co-ordinate axes is ax 2 by 2 1
2 2
dy dy d2y dy dy d2y
ax by 0 a b by 2 0 y x xy 2
dx dx dx dx dx dx
39.(AB) 3xydx 4 x 2 dy 2 y 3dx 6 xy 2 dy 0 3xydx 4 x 2 dy 2d xy 3 0
3x 2 y 4 dx 4 x3 y3dy 2 xy3 d xy3 0 d x3 y 4 2 xy d xy 0 x y
3 3 2 6
x3 y 4 c
cos x sin x
40.(3)
d
dx
A ln cos x sin x 2 Bx C A
cos x sin x 2
B
2 A B, 1 A B, 2B A 3 / 2, B 1/ 2, 1
1
Let I 207 C7 . x 200 .1 x dx
7
41.(8)
0 II I
1
x 201
7
1 7
1
I 207 C7 1 x
201 (1 x) x dx
7 6 201 207
(1 x ) x dx C7 6 201
201
0 201
0
zero 0
1
7!
201.202.203.204.205.206.207
Integrating by parts again 6 more times 207
C7 x 207 dx
0
(207)! 7! 1 (207)! 7! 1 1
k 208
7!(200)! 201.202 207 208 (207)!7! 208 208 k
42.(2) Shaded region represents S S ' clearly are enclosed is 2 sq units.
dy 1
43.(2)
dx x cos y 2sin y cos y
dx dx
x cos y 2sin y cos y cos y x 2sin y cos y
dy dy
I. F. = e
cos ydy
e e sin y
The solution is x.e sin y 2 e sin y .sin y cos ydy 2sin y.e sin y 2 e sin y .cos ydy
2sin y.e sin y 2 e sin y .cos ydy
44.(8) If f ' x 2 f x
dy
2y 0
dx
dy
e 2 x . 2e 2 x y 0
dx
d
dx
y . e2 x 0
g x f x e2 x is decreasing function
1
g x g f x 2e2 x
2
Day – 5
x cos 2 x sin 2 x
cot x log cos x cos 2 x cotcosx sin
2 x cos x cos 2 x
dx
Multiplying by cos 2 x
1/ 2
cos x cos 2x in numerator and denominator, we get
1/ 2
I cot x log cos x cos 2 x sin 2 cos x
x cos 2 x
dx cot 2 xdx
1
Now put t
u
cos x
sin 2 x cos 2 x
dx cos ec 2 x 2 c1 (where c1 is integration constant)
x 1 1
47.(ABC) f ( x) dx f '( x) 1 0 f ( x) f '( x) 1
0 f ( x) f ( x)
1
f ( x) f '( x)dx 1dx
2
[ f ( x)]2 x c (1)
1 1
Now given that 0 [ f ( x)] dx 2 f (1) 2
1
From (1), [ f (1)]2 1 c c 0 f ( x) 2 x
2
But f (1) 2 f ( x) 2 x f (2) 2
1
Also, f '( x) f '(2) 1/ 2
2x
1
1 1 (2 x)3/2 (2)3/2
0 f ( x)dx 2 xdx
3 0
0 3
x2
Also, f 1( x) f 1(2) 2
2
dx
48.(BC) I 1 x4 (1)
0
2
x 1 x2 x2 1 x2
1 x4
dx 1 x dx dx I1 I 2
0 1 x
4 4
0 0
1
1
x2
I2 1
dx.
0 x 2
x2
1
Put x y
x
1 dx x 2 dx
I2 y2 2 dy 0 I 1 x4 1 x4 (2)
0 0
Adding equations (1) and (2), we get :
1
1
1 x 2 dx 2 1
2I x dx, put x y
0 1 x
4 1 x
0 x2
x2
dy 1 y π π
2I tan 1 I
y 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
dy
49.(AC) Py Q . . . .(i)
dx
dy1
Py1 Q . . . .(ii)
dx
dy2
and Py2 Q . . . .(iii)
dx
d y1 y2
P y1 y2 0 . . . .(iv)
dx
d y y1 d y y1 y y1
And P y y1 0
dx d y1 y2 y1 y2
ln y y1 ln y1 y2 ln c y y1 c y1 y2 y y1 c y1 y2
Also y1 y2 is a solution y1 y2 y1 1 c cy2
1
d
50.(ABCD) k a
dt
34 1 7
ln a 37 k 15 k ln where a 30º C
15 4
37 30 15
t 31 ln 15log 7/4 7
31 30 ln 7 / 4
37 30 15 7
t 32 ln 15log 7/4
32 30 ln 7 / 4 2
x x e x
51.(0) e x ln xdx
x
x x
Put t Or x ln ln t
e e
1 1 x 1
x.
1
ln dx dt 1 ln x ln e dx dt
x/e e e t t
1
ln e ln x ln e dx dt
t
1 11 1 1
ln x dx dt Or I t dt 1.dt 2 dt t C
t t t t t
402 dx
1
52.(403) I x. x 2009 x803 x 401 2 x1608 5x 402 10
4020 x 2009 x803 x 401 dx dt
2 x2010 5x804 10 x402
403
403 402
402
1 1 1 t
I t 402 dt ; I c ; I c
402
.
4020 4020 403 4030
a 403 a 400 3
6 6
1 2 3 6n 1 r 2 2
lim
n
53.(8) I lim x dx x3/2 6 6 96
n n n n n
0
3 0 3
dy 1 d 2 y d 1 dy 1 d 2x
54.(1) ; 2 .
dx dx / dy dx dy dx / dy dx dx / dy 3 dy 2
3
d 2 y dy dy
Hence x 0
dx 2 dx dx
1 d 2x 1 1
Become x 0
dx / dy dy dx / dy dx / dy
3 2 3
2 2
d 2x dx d 2 x dx
Or x 1 0 x 1
dy 2 dy dy 2 dy
2
dy x 3 y x
2
55.(2)
dx y 3x 2 y 2
m 3 & n 1
I
1
log 2
t
sin 1 C
1
1
log 2
sin 1 2 x C
dx dx
(B)
x x
2 7
x 1
7
1 5
x
1 dy 5
Put y,
x
5 7
dx 2 x
2dy 2 2 1
I ln 1 y C ln
5 1 y 5 5 1 1
x
5
2
(C) Add and subtract 2x in the numerator, then k = 1 and m = 1
dx dx
I
5 4cos x 2 x
(D)
x 2x x
5 sin cos 2 4 cos sin
2
2 2 2 2
x x 2dt 2 t
Let t tan 2dt sec2 dt I tan 1 C
2 2 9t 2
3 3
Day – 6
tan 2 2 tan 2 2 sec 2
60.(BC) I sec3 2d sec2 2 sec 2d
2
sec 2 2
d
tan 2 1
2I sec2 ln sec2 tan 2 c
2 2
2x 2 x
61.(CD) I1 2 x dx p x c1 ; I 2 2 x dx m x c1
log 2 log 2
x x
x2
62.(ABD) Given than f ( x) | t 1| dt f ( x) (1 t )dt , 0 x 1 x
0
2
0
1 x
1 x2 1 x2
Also f ( x) (1 t )dt (t 1)dt , where 1 x 2 x x 1
2 2 2 2
0 1
x 2
x , 0 x 1 1 x, 0 x 1
2
Thus, f ( x) f '( x)
x
2 x 1, 1 x 2
x 1, 1 x 2
2
b f ( x)
63.(ABC) Let I dx (1)
a f ( x) f (a b x)
b f (a b x)
dx (2)
a f (a b x) f ( x)
Adding equations (1) and (2), we get
b ba
2 I 1 dx b a I 10 (Given) b a 20
a 2
0 T
dv dH
64.(BCD)
dt
kA A
dt
k . A dH k dt
H 0
65.(CD) x y kx 0
2 2
dy x2 y 2
Diff. w.r.t. x, 2 x 2 y k
dx x
dx x 2 y 2 x 2 y 2 dx
For orthogonal curve, 2 x 2 y
dy x 2 xy dy
1/3 1/3
66.(2) I x9 x 6 x3 2 x 6 3 x3 6 dxI x x8 x5 x 2 2 x 6 3x3 6 dx
Let t 2 x9 3x 6 6 x3
dt 18 x8 x5 x 2 dx 1 1/3
18
1
t dt t 4/3 c
24
1 1/2
67.(4) I1 x1004 (1 x)1004 dx 2 x1004 (1 x)1004 dx (1)
0 0
1
And I 2 x1004 (1 x 2010 )1004 dx Put x1005 t 1005 x1004 dx dt
0
1 1 1
1 1 1
t (2 t ) 1004 dt
1005
I2 (1 t 2 )1004 dt t1004 (2 t )2004 dt
1005 1005
0 0 0
Now put t 2 y dt 2dy
1/2 1/2
1 1
I2
1005 (2 y )1004 (2 2 y)1004 dt
1005
2 21004 21004 y1004 (1 y)1004 dy
0 0
1/2
1 2009 1 2008 I 1005 22010 I1
1005
2 y1004 (1 y)1004 dy
1005
2 I1 1
I 2 22008
1005 I 2
4
0
68.(1) Differentiating both sides w.r.t. x
2 f x . f ' x f x f ' x f ( x) f '( x) 2 0 f ' x f x
2 2
or
ln f x x C; but f 0 e
f '( x)
now 1
f ( x)
ln e C C 1 ln ( f(x) ) = x + 1 f (x) = ex + 1
69.(1)
dy
x 2
1 y2 1
dx xy
y x2 1
y2 1
dy
x
dx
t x2 1
Let y 2 1 t 2 2 ydy 2tdt dt dx
t x x2 1
x 1
t dx dx
x2 1 x x2 1
y 2 1 x 2 1 sec1 x c
Passing through (1, 1)
y 2 1 x 2 1 sec1 x k 2 1 1
4
2 2
k 2 1 1 k2 2 1.046 ; [k ] 1.046 1
16 2 16 2
x x
70.(3) differentiations, xf x 1 0 f t dt x 1 xf x 0 tf t dt
Again differentiate, we have f x x2 f ' x f x . 2x xf x
f ' x 1 3 1 1
ln f x 3ln x c f 1
f x x 2 x x e
1 1 0 c
1
c0 ln f x ln e x ln x 3
1
1
f x e x
x3
1
3
; g ' 1 3
1 1
e x f x ; g x ; g ' x
x3 x3 x4
71-73. 71.(C) 72.(D) 73.(C)
π/2 π/2
f ( x) λ sin x cos t f (t )dt sin x f ( x) λsin x cos t f (t )dt sin x
0 0
π/2
f ( x) A sin x sin x or f ( x) ( A 1)sin x, where A λ cos t f (t )dt
0
π/2
π/2 λ( A 1) π/2 λ( A 1) cos 2t λ( A 1)
A λ
0
(cos t ) ( A 1)sin t dt
2 0 sin 2t dt 2 2 0
2
λ λ 2
A f ( x) 1 sin x f ( x) sin x
2λ 2λ 2λ
2
sin x 2
2λ
sin x (2 λ) | 2 λ | 1 1 λ 2 1 1 λ 3
π/2 π/2 π/2
2 2 2
f ( x)dx 3 2 λ sin xdx 3 2 λ cos x 0 3
2λ
3 λ 4/3
0 0
74. [A-s] [B-s] [C-r] [D-q]
1
(A) [ x [ x [ x]]]dx (use property [ x n] [ x] n if n is integer)
1
1 1
3[ x]dx 3 [ x]dx 3
1 1
5 5
(B) 2 ([ x] [ x])dx 2 1dx 3
1,if x is not an integer 3
(C) sgn(n [ x])
0,if x is an integer
Hence, 1sgn( x [ x])dx 4(1 0) 4.
(D) Let I 25 tan6 ( x [ x]) tan 4 x [ x] dx
π/4
0
0 x
π
4
[ x ] 0
I 25 tan 6 x tan 4 x dx
π/4
0
π/4
tan 5 x
25
0
π/4 4
tan x tan x 1 dx 25
2
0
π/4
tan x sec x dx 25
4 2
5
1
25 5
5
0
2 1
10 2n 2n 1 10 2n 2n 1
C
sin27 x dx
sin27 x dx
sin27 x dx sin27 x dx 0
n 1 2n 1 2n n 1 2n 1 2n
4
tann 1 x 1
D
n 1 n 1
0