Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
3 views

Assignment 2 Example.docx679347efb492d107

This literature review examines the impact of discrimination on physiological anxiety symptoms among African Americans, highlighting the prevalence of systemic discrimination and its effects on mental health. It discusses how chronic exposure to discrimination leads to increased stress responses, health disparities, and barriers to seeking mental health support within the community. The review emphasizes the cyclical nature of discrimination and its detrimental effects on both mental and physical health outcomes.

Uploaded by

Craig Parker
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

Assignment 2 Example.docx679347efb492d107

This literature review examines the impact of discrimination on physiological anxiety symptoms among African Americans, highlighting the prevalence of systemic discrimination and its effects on mental health. It discusses how chronic exposure to discrimination leads to increased stress responses, health disparities, and barriers to seeking mental health support within the community. The review emphasizes the cyclical nature of discrimination and its detrimental effects on both mental and physical health outcomes.

Uploaded by

Craig Parker
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

1

Literature Review

The following literature review will provide an overview of the consequences of food insecurity

for college students.

Discrimination in the African American Community and How It Presents with

Physiological Anxiety Symptoms.

o Prevalence of Discrimination in the African American Community

o Systemic and wide spread discrimination exists in the United States and has a

disproportionate impact in nearly every key domain of employment, education,

housing, and healthcare on African Americans (Desai et al., 202).

o According to Gant (2024), African Americans report significantly more perceived

discrimination than other racial groups do. Repeated exposure to unfair treatment

will lead to chronic stress within an individual and affect an individual’s overall

well-being (Gant, 2024).

o Moreover, ‘discrimination’ implies overt acts, microaggressions and implicit

biases also over time add up to create a chronic psychological toll (Gant, 2024).

o Impact of Discrimination on Physiological Anxiety Symptoms.

o According to Murphy et al. (2024), it is known that discrimination activates the

body’s stress response system and leads to increased cortisol levels, which affects

the autonomic nervous system.

o Increased heart rate, hypertension, and chronic fatigue can be this type of

physiological response (Murphy et al., 2024).


2

o People with anxiety are exposed to chronic discriminatory environments and tend

to have somatic symptoms, including chest pain, headaches, and gastrointestinal

distress (Rastogi et al., 2024).

o In addition, discrimination produces a physical toll on top of health disparities,

which together perpetuate poor mental and physical health outcomes in a cyclical

fashion (Rastogi et al., 2024).

o Mental Health Consequences of Discrimination

o As found by Nguyen et al. (2024), experiences of discrimination are consistently

tied to anxiety disorders like generalized anxiety and post-traumatic stress

disorder.

o According to Nguyen et al. (2024) African Americans can present with

physiological symptoms of anxiety including hypervigilance and fear,

helplessness, and anger.

o Repeated exposure to discrimination further inflames internalized stigma, sense of

isolation, and the magnitude of related anxiety symptoms (Nguyen et al., 2024).

o Barriers to Seeking Support

o Furthermore, barriers to treatment seeking in the African American community

include cultural stigma surrounding mental health (Coyle-Eastwick, et al. 2024).).

o Additionally, mistrust of healthcare systems historically exploited and a scarcity

of culturally competent providers make mental health resources inaccessible

(Rastogi et al., 2024).

References
3

Coyle-Eastwick, S., Escobar, M., Wimmer, J., Lindsey, M., Thompson, J., & Warner, C. M.

(2024). Social anxiety disorder in Black American adolescents: Cultural considerations in

conceptualization, assessment, and treatment. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 88(2),

171–195. https://doi.org/10.1521/bumc.2024.88.2.171

Desai, M. U., Guy, K., Brown, M., Thompson, D., Manning, B., Johnson, S., ... & Bellamy, C.

(2024). “That Was a State of Depression by Itself Dealing with Society”: Atmospheric

racism, mental health, and the Black and African American faith community. American

Journal of Community Psychology, 73(1-2), 104-117. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajcp.12654

Gant, C. K. (2024). Behavioral Health Professionals’ Perception of Anxiety Disorders Amongst

African American Clients. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/3171?

utm_source=scholarworks.uno.edu%2Ftd

%2F3171&utm_medium=PDF&utm_campaign=PDFCoverPages

Murphy, E. R., Brooks Stephens, J. R., & Gallagher, M. W. (2024). The unique associations

between ethnic discrimination, hope, anxiety, depression, and well-being in African

American, Asian, and Hispanic adults. International Journal of Applied Positive

Psychology, 1-19. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41042-023-00144-z

Nguyen, A. W., Hope, M. O., Qin, W., Cobb, N., Ding, K., Taylor, H. O., & Mitchell, U. A.

(2024). “So, do not fear”: Religion and the prevalence, persistence, and severity of

anxiety disorders among Black Americans. Journal of Affective Disorders, 350, 247–

254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.085

Rastogi, R., Woolverton, G. A., Lee, R. M., Yip, T., Stevens, C., Chen, J. A., & Liu, C. H.

(2024). Microaggression and discrimination exposure on young adult anxiety, depression,


4

and sleep. Journal of affective disorders, 363, 141–151.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.083

You might also like