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Common Text Structures

The document outlines various text structures that authors use to organize information, including narrative, chronological, cause and effect, problem/solution, compare and contrast, and definition/description. Each structure is defined and accompanied by graphic organizers, transition words, and guiding questions to help students understand and analyze texts. Recognizing these structures can enhance comprehension and focus on key concepts and relationships in reading.

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Sir Rilven
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Common Text Structures

The document outlines various text structures that authors use to organize information, including narrative, chronological, cause and effect, problem/solution, compare and contrast, and definition/description. Each structure is defined and accompanied by graphic organizers, transition words, and guiding questions to help students understand and analyze texts. Recognizing these structures can enhance comprehension and focus on key concepts and relationships in reading.

Uploaded by

Sir Rilven
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Common Text Structures

Text structures (WDPI, 2012) refer to the way authors organize information in text.
Recognizing the underlying structure of texts can help students focus attention on key
concepts and relationships, anticipate what is to come, and monitor their comprehension
as they read.

Text Definition Graphic Transitions/ Questions


Structure Organizer Signal Words
Narrative Narrates an Descriptive - Who is the
event/story language narrative
with (Adjectives, about?
characters, adverbs, - Where is it
setting, conflict, similes, and set?
point of view, metaphors) - What is the
and plot conflict?
- Who is telling
the narrative?
- What is
happening?

Chronological, Present ideas - First, second, - What items,


Process, or or events in the third… events, or steps
Sequence order in which - Later are listed?
they happen - Next - Do they have
- Before to/ always
- Then happen in this
- Finally order?
- After - What sequence
- When of events is
- Since being described?
- Now/ - What are the
previously major incidents
- Actual use of that occur?
dates - How is this
structure
revealed in the
text?
Cause and Provide - If/then - What
Effect explanations or - reasons why happened?
reasons for - as a result - Why did it
phenomena - therefore happen?
- because
- What caused
- consequently
it to happen?
- since
- so that
- for
- due to
Problem/ Identify - problem is - What is the
Solution problems and - dilemma is problem?
pose solutions - if/then - Why is this a
- because problem?
- so that - Is anything
- question/ being done to try
answer to solve the
- puzzle is problem?
solved - What can be
done to solve the

problem?
Compare and Discuss two - However/yet - What items
Contrast ideas, events, - Nevertheless are being
or phenomena, - on the other compared?
showing how Difference Difference hand - In what ways
they are Similarities - but/ whereas – are they

similarly
different and similar?
- although
how they are - also/likewise Different?
similar - in contrast/ - What
comparison conclusion
- different does the
- either/or author reach
- in the same about these
way/ just as items?
- What
conclusion
does the
author reach
about these
items?
Definition or Describes a - for example - What are the
Description topic by listing - characteristics most
characteristics, - for instance important
features, - such as characteristics?
attributes, and - including - how is it
- to illustrate
examples being
described
(what does it
look like, how
does it work,
etc.)?
- What is
important to
remember
about it?
©2012 Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction – Form DL-

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