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    Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration

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    aquinoricky
    Work Package 5 focuses on component integration for combined heat and power (CHP) systems. The document provides an overview of Work Package 5 objectives and conclusions from workshops on CHP component integration. Key topics discussed include efficiencies and fuel flexibility of gas turbines, steam turbines, gas engines, and other CHP technologies. Emerging technologies like fuel cells and biomass gasification are also examined. Workshops concluded that further research is needed to improve reliability, fuel flexibility, efficiencies, and costs of technologies in deregulated energy markets.

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    Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration

    Uploaded by

    aquinoricky
    78 views14 pages
    Work Package 5 focuses on component integration for combined heat and power (CHP) systems. The document provides an overview of Work Package 5 objectives and conclusions from workshops on CHP component integration. Key topics discussed include efficiencies and fuel flexibility of gas turbines, steam turbines, gas engines, and other CHP technologies. Emerging technologies like fuel cells and biomass gasification are also examined. Workshops concluded that further research is needed to improve reliability, fuel flexibility, efficiencies, and costs of technologies in deregulated energy markets.

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    Work Package 5 focuses on component integration for combined heat and power (CHP) systems. The document provides an overview of Work Package 5 objectives and conclusions from workshops on CHP component integration. Key topics discussed include efficiencies and fuel flexibility of gas turbines, steam turbines, gas engines, and other CHP technologies. Emerging technologies like fuel cells and biomass gasification are also examined. Workshops concluded that further research is needed to improve reliability, fuel flexibility, efficiencies, and costs of technologies in deregulated energy markets.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    78 views14 pages

    Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration

    Uploaded by

    aquinoricky
    Work Package 5 focuses on component integration for combined heat and power (CHP) systems. The document provides an overview of Work Package 5 objectives and conclusions from workshops on CHP component integration. Key topics discussed include efficiencies and fuel flexibility of gas turbines, steam turbines, gas engines, and other CHP technologies. Emerging technologies like fuel cells and biomass gasification are also examined. Workshops concluded that further research is needed to improve reliability, fuel flexibility, efficiencies, and costs of technologies in deregulated energy markets.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    of 14

    Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration

    Ulf Linder, Head of Future Technology Geraldine Roy, Lead Market Analyst Siemens Industial Turbomachinery Ltd

    Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration


    Overview of WP5 Objectives Conclusions
    Overview, SIEMENS Industrial Turbomachinery Ltd Activities within Component Integration for Industrial Gas Turbines

    What are the benefits of the CHAPNET Network?

    A focus for the industry to improve its R&D A knowledge centre for who is doing what, where and with whom A place to develop new ideas for projects for
    6th or 7th Framework Programme Energy Intelligent Europe Programme

    A strategic platform for identifying needs and pulling together actors to address these needs A place to inform the Commission, Member State Governments on the requirements of the industry

    WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration


    RTD Cluster on CHP Component Integration Objective / Purpose To share information on RTD activities on Component Integration and Systems Integration for CHP. EU programmes, and Accession countries National programmes Industrial activities Universities

    To Address the European competency in RTD with regard to whole CHP systems not individual components Evaluate long term possibilities and technologies

    WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration


    Workshops Two per year Report Activities, Results and Plans Discuss and Recommend new activities, areas of interest, and potential
    1st Workshop held 28 August 2002 in Lincoln 2nd Workshop held 21 February 2003 in Brussels 3rd Workshop held 8 May 2003 in Dsseldorf 4th Workshop held 17 December 2003 in Brussels 5th Workshop held 28 & 29 January 2004, Vsters, Sweden 6th Workshop held 26 & 27 May 2004, Barcelona, Spain Often combined with WP7 Cooling & Trigeneration

    WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration


    Workshops 1-6:
    CAME GT Clean And more Efficient Gas Turbines BIOCOGEN -Biomass Cogeneration Thematic Network CHP Sewage Gasification - Sewage sludge gasification for CHP applications BAGIT - Biomass and gas integrated CHP technology Nedalo - Packaged CHP Systems, Linnhoff March - CHP Process and Utility Integration and Optimisation Promocell - Fuel Cell Cogeneration Hybrid CHP - Hybrid Solar collector CHP system OSCOGEN - Optimisation of Cogeneration Systems CHP Club - CHP Information, Advice and Networking ALSTOM - Using Fuels derived from Biomass and MSW in Industrial Gas Turbine SimTech - Thermodynamic simulations software CE-IGT - Increase awareness of industrial gas turbines

    WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration


    Workshops 1-6:
    ICEHT - Natural gas fuelled SOFCs for cogeneration of elect. & chemicals Baxter Eng. Ltd - LG Cable Absorption Chillers KKK Ltd - New high speed turbo-generator with electronic gear Aircogen - Aircogen Activities ALSTOM - Current & Potential Gas Turbine Technologies Wartsila - Current & Potential Gas Reciprocating Engine Technologies ALSTOM - Steam Turbine Technologies Dalkia - CHP: A CEM contractors perspective TBE - Phosphoric Acid Fuel cells & Digester Gas operation ALSTOM - Carbo-V gasification system Innogy - Iso-engine Farmatic - Cogeneration using Anaerobic Digestion Southeast Research Inst. - Gas Engine Research

    WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration


    Workshops 1-6:
    Gasification of Biomass and Power Generation, TPS Gasification and Gas Engine, Wartsila Gas turbines Technology Development trends, DDIT The Evaporative Gas Turbine demonstration Project, Lund University Connecting to the grid, Powerformer Technology, ABB Research and Development at Mlardalens University Absorption chillers in Cooling and Tri-generation applications, WEIR Entropie Gas Turbines and Chillers Integration, DDIT Fogging and High Fogging : ALSTOMs Experience and Customer Benefits, ALSTOM Power SOFC - Future CHP, Siemens Gas engines Maintenance philosophies, Wrtsil CHP Systems Integration, Tecnicas Reunidas Biofuel based CHP production in Sweden and CHP R&D at CEDER (Soria/Spain), CIEMAT

    Current Technologies, Topics


    Gas Turbines Improvements made to increase both electrical and overall fuel efficiencies and future potential Fuel Flexibility Steam Turbines Improvements to increase efficiencies and future potential Novel features like High speed alternators Gas Engines Recent developments and future areas for research Improved availability Fuel flexibility

    Current Technologies, Topics


    Absorption Chillers GT Air Inlet Chilling Heat recovery Use of non-fossil fuels Increasing awareness of local, low cost wastes and use of biomass resources Biomass Gasifiers Sewage sludge gasification Cogeneration using anaerobic digestion Plant Modelling and Optimisation Engineering solution Economics

    The Customers Perspective Topics High Reliability


    Of supreme importance in Liberalised Energy Markets Unwilling / unable to take technical and commercial risks associated with new technologies

    Reduced Operating costs


    Lower fuel consumption Fuel flexibility Reduced maintenance

    Low Capital costs

    Future and Emerging Technologies, Topics


    Fuel Cells PEM Phosphoric Acid using digester gas SOFC Complex Cycle Gas Turbines Improved Efficiency Integration with SOFC Isopower Engine High efficiency

    INNOGY Isoengine Cycle Diagram


    Turbocharger Exhaust

    Recuperator

    Engine HX
    Water Injection

    Separator Aux. Cooler

    Turbo HX

    Air Cooler

    Fuel

    Spray Water LP Air Cooler HP Air Water Air-Water (Two-Phase) Fuel Combustion gas

    Isothermal Compressor (2 cylinders)

    Isobaric Combustors (6 cylinders) Engine

    ~
    Generator

    A biogas plant

    The simplest biogas plant is a cow...

    Functional scheme of a biopower station


    Cleaned waste air

    Deliv. solid residues

    Crushing

    Pulper Pump

    Waste gas to biofilter


    Heat exchanger

    Deliv. liquid residues

    Homogenization Hygienization

    Digestion

    Flare Heat
    CHP unit

    Storage tank

    Heat storage

    Electricity

    Gas storage

    Drying

    Desulphurisation

    Transport digested substrate

    Key figures, Sweden*


    A total energy supply of 615,8 TWh 16 % (98,2 TWh) of the energy supply was based on biofuels. Fuel supply for district heating amounted to 55 TWh of which 33 TWh was based on biofuels Biofuel based electricity production amounted to 6,2 TWh (CHP in district heating systems 2,5 TWh and industrial back pressure 3,7 TWh) * Facts and figures 2003, ET21:2003, The Swedish Energy Agency

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Integration of Chillers

    GT-Inlet Chillers,
    Future potentials The use of absorption chillers + Integration with CHP + Improved heat rate - Higher investment
    Net Output
    60.0

    50.0

    Net Output MW

    40.0

    30.0

    Net Output MW Net Output MW, Chiller in operation

    20.0

    10.0

    0.0 -40.0 -30.0 -20.0 -10.0 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0

    Ambient Temperature

    WorkPackage 5 -Component Integration


    After Six WorkShops: Presentations from; Several EU projects (RTD and Thematic Networks) Several CHP players -equipment, plant optimisation, concepts 3 Main themes & conclusions: Most efficient design not necessarily most economic solution !
    Economics is the key !

    Deregulated market raises issues


    Difficulty launching new technologies with associated technical and commercial risks

    Fuel flexibility to maximise economic benefits


    Non-standard fuels, i.e. gasification of biomass and wastes Avoid disposal costs, Benefit from green energy financial incentives

    Outputs
    Suggested RTD areas! Further research in both conventional & emerging technologies, required to improve: Reliability Fuel flexibility Efficiencies First costs Need for Government to help underwrite Commercial Risks associated with new technologies International competitors receive company and technology specific funding from concept to commercial demonstration

    Work Package 5 CHP Component Integration


    Overview of WP5 Objectives Conclusions

    Overview, SIEMENS Industrial Gas Turbines Activities within Component Integration for Industrial Gas Turbines

    10

    Integration is a major challenge


    Industrie Turbinen Power Generation KWU AG AEG Westinghouse Mannesmann Demag DemagDelaval Delaval I-Segment KWU Industrial Applications

    ASEA BBC Ruston Alsthom 1960 1970 1980 GEC ABB ABB Alstom Power Alstom Alstom

    GEC Alsthom 1990

    2000

    2003

    Siemens Gas Turbine product range


    PGF Gas Turbine range
    W501G W501F W501D5A V64.3A V94.3A V94.2A V94.2 V64.3A GTX100
    43 MW 30 MW 25 MW 17 MW 13 MW 8 MW 7 MW 5 MW Cyclone V94.3A 67 MW 182 MW 159 MW 67 MW 121 MW 190 MW 253 MW

    60HZ
    266 MW

    50HZ

    PGI Gas Turbine range

    GT10C GT10B GT35C Cyclone Tempest Tornado Typhoon

    11

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification

    Power from Biomass & Wastes


    Not new technologies Many years experience in chemical industry Little experience of Biomass Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (BIGCC) Growing experience using these technologies BIGCC concept has been proven at Vrnamo, Sweden

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification


    Gasifier Fuel Input Flare

    BIGCC Scheme

    Gas Cooler Booster Compressor

    Hot Gas Filter

    Gas Turbine

    Start-up fuel store

    Steam Turbine Stack Air HRSG

    Heat Load

    12

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification

    Power from Biomass & Wastes


    Net efficiency comparison for sub-40MW plant
    Air blown or oxygen-blown Atmospheric or pressurised Circulating, bubbling or fixed beds
    Bio Oil CCGT Pressurised BIGCC

    Atmospheric BIGCC Atmospheric Gasifier + Gas Engine CFB

    All systems produce different fuel gas compositions and calorific values !
    3.5 to 30MJ/Nm, 5 to 50% hydrogen Combustion issues
    0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

    Direct Combustion

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Gasification Potential Future Applications
    Integrated Agriculture & Biomass-IGCC Plants of 5 - 20MW output Use waste from main crop to provide fuel for CHP scheme to heat greenhouses etc. Atmospheric or pressurised gasifiers Potentially >35% net efficiency Large scale Biomass-IGCC Plants of 20 - 40MW output optimised for power generation Atmospheric or pressurised gasifiers Potentially > 40% net efficiency

    Conclusions
    Use of Gas Turbine-based schemes could: Assist in the development of advanced thermal conversion technologies and ecofriendly CHP Offer high efficiency, low emission, carbon neutral power generation from biomass and wastederived fuels

    13

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Integration of Chillers

    GTX100 Nominal Generator Output vs Inlet Temp A Typical Gas Turbine Characteristic

    Activities within Component Integration, Industrial Gas Turbines, Integration of Chillers


    General description of the system
    The system consists of 2 parallel chillers and 1 common water loop to the air inlet coil. The air inlet coil is a part of the air inlet system

    Evaporators Compressors. Condensers

    14

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