Subject Academic and Professional Development in

Practice

Subject Code

Coventry ID

Index Number (NIBM) COBSCQSCM211P-005

Question

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Assignment 01
A.) Describe and compare the differences of traditional construction industry system and
BIM based information management system. Your answer should describe the industry
processes and collaboration of each system.

When you work in the construction industry, things can get very complicated very fast. The
customer, designer, contractor, and manufacturer all play a role in the project from the start to
the end. When we think about the old construction system, we can see how it makes it hard for
people to communicate with each other. This could happen at any point in a project. It happens
when teams move from one phase to the next in traditional construction. Some of the information
from the last phase is lost.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) lets you collect information digitally and make it
available when, where, and to whom you need it. You can use BIM during the preconstruction
phase to design and see how the project will look. Clients can see how the area will look before
construction even starts by using space-use simulations and 3D renderings. This lets them make
changes before the construction even starts. It costs money and takes a lot of time to make
changes after the fact, so having a better picture from the start helps. By avoiding clashes, you
can cut down on the amount of work that needs to be done on each job. With BIM, you can plan
before you start building. You won't have to make last-minute changes or make things more
complicated. This can save a lot of money and cut down on waste.

When looking at the traditional construction industry, each drawing is drawn on its own. There is
no direct connection between drawing and the way the world looks. Changes to one view have to
be manually updated in the other views, which can take a while. So, the cycle of applying
changes is very hard and takes a long time. When you use BIM-based information management
systems, views are created based on the whole picture. There is a link between the drawings.
Changes made in the plan show up in the elevation views, cross sections, and other parts of the
plan, too.

Traditionally, drawings are made up of two-dimensional lines that are later used to make objects.
The features of objects are assigned on a regular basis by the designer, who, in a traditional way,
decides what they are used for. But with a BIM-based information management system, the
building is made up of intelligent 3D objects that work together to make it. A model is what
makes all the 2D views possible. For example, a wall isn't just two straight lines. It's an object
made up of layers of materials with different properties. Another thing to keep in mind: each
object is also smart, which is to say, it has built-in properties that change with the environment.
Because it can be put on a wall, the window knows it must cut a hole in it. The designer uses
things that have already been made, so he or she must be aware of the connections between
them.

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As in the past, labels and documents were the main ways of getting information in the
construction industry. BIM is based on parameters, which tell us about the properties of a given
object, and BIM also creates their basic descriptions.

In a traditional construction system, the process of making documentation is a straight line. From
industry to industry, documentation is passed on so that each can work on its own without the
other one. In a BIM-based information management system, everyone can see the model from
the start and work together to build it, adding their own content to make it even better. They can
also make separate models that are very similar to the main model (like lines) and then combine
them into one model at the end.

B). Analyze the BIM life cycle to create complex construction package while explaining all
stages and their advantages.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a collaborative platform that facilitates

this type of collaboration. It can be described as the digitalization of the
construction industry. Using digital technology to support the construction
process from planning to completion, BIM is helping to increase overall
productivity in the construction industry. Incorporating BIM into various
phases of the construction process can help organizations manage the
construction life cycle more effectively from start to finish, and the following
are the benefits of doing so.

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1. Programming

The programming phase of any major project is the first step in the
process. Project planning is the process of articulating and defining the
objectives of the project while also considering and evaluating the
feasibility of the plan. The programming phase is the period of time
during which the owner, architect, and construction manager engage
in early discussions about what will be built, whether it will be
approved by the appropriate authorities, and parameters such as
scope and quality expectations.

2. Conceptual Design

The project brief has been completed, and the project brief has been
developed. It is the design team's first response to the project brief,
and it is shown in the concept design they came up with. The majority
of project plans now combine these two steps into a single stage
known as "concept design" or "concept" in order to save time. Design
concepts are developed on the basis of knowledge, critical thinking
skills, information background, and prior experience.

3. Detail Design

Detailed design is the stage of the design process during which the
design is refined and plans, specifications, and cost estimates are
developed. The output from detaileddesign will include 2D and 3D
models, cost estimates, document plans, and other related items. This
is the stage at which the total cost of the project is determined. The
detailed design phase is critical because it is during this phase that the
costs of a project are defined and established. The fact of the matter is
that detailed design has a significant impact on the overall cost of a
project. It is also the stage at which the greatest amount of money can
be saved on costs.

4. Analysis

Primarily, pre-construction documents and cost analysis determine

whether or not a project can be built according to the plans and
specifications as well as the budget and timeline as presented by the

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 general contractor, among other things. It's easy to see why a
thorough project analysis is so important for any project, big or small.

5. Documentation

When you make design drawings, you add things like product and
material specifications, contract requirements, and installation details.
This is called construction documentation. Construction documents, or
"construction document sets," as they are more commonly called, are
important for the design and construction of a building. They are used
for a variety of things, like applying for a building permit, bidding, and
managing a construction contract. No matter what type of building or
design, detailed construction documents help contractors and
construction professionals make sense of the design in a sea of
information that is part of a project. Now, you can use BIM to make
sure that construction documents for different engineering trades are
complete and accurate, as well as to help people understand what the
design is all about.

6. Fabrication

All of your planning will come to fruition during this phase, when everything you've
worked on will come to pass. It will be up to the construction manager and the contractor
to be the project's main point of contact as the project moves from the planning stage to
the fabrication phase. "Construction Administration" is how the professional team is
called when they help with this part of the job (CA). Architects, all engineers, and other
consultants should hire a full CA firm to do quality control inspections, answer Requests
for Information (RFIs), review and approve technical submittals, and make sure that the
project is done as the architect wants it to. The fabrication should go smoothly if your
team did a good job planning and preconstruction.

7. Construction (4D Time management /5D Cost Management)

The fourth dimension of BIM is also called construction sequencing. Is

when a project's data model is made more complete with a row for scheduling data
added to the top of the list. Those who work in the office and on the job site can keep
track of all the tasks and be ready for any problems that might come up.4D BIM makes it
easier to see how the project will look at each stage and to plan better. The cost

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 management dimension of BIM is the fifth dimension of the model. Starting from the
beginning of a project, project agents can work in a centralized data environment because
5D makes it possible. Individuals working alone are no longer an option thanks to
this new way of working, which also prevents misunderstandings and costly rework.5D
BIM also allows for faster processing of automatically generated quantities, which is a
significant benefit. It is possible for estimators to improve cost control throughout the
project by connecting data with specific components within the BIM model. The model
also provides project managers with the assurance that costs will be
tracked as the project moves forward.

8. Construction Logistic
Construction logistics are performed on a number of different levels.
Construction site logistics include the scheduling and transportation of
workers, the movement of materials, and, of course, the upkeep of the
vehicles and other equipment used on the job site. Construction is a
highly complex industry that necessitates complex logistics solutions
due to the large number of contractors involved, as well as the
numerous safety regulations that must be met and observed, as well
as quality control and business development requirements.

9. Operation and Maintenance

This includes a wide range of skills, processes, and tools that must be
used to keep the built environment working as it was meant to. The
term "operations and maintenance" refers to the activities that must
be done on a daily basis in order for a building, its systems and
equipment, and its occupants/users to be able to do what they were
built to do. Operation and maintenance (O&M) are two words that are
used together because a facility can't work at its best if it isn't properly
taken care of.
10. Demolition
The most common reason for bringing down a building is when it poses
a threat to the lives of its occupants or the structures in its immediate
vicinity. Following an inspection, it may be discovered that the structure is
in imminent danger of collapsing or that its continued use poses a
significant risk. The use of a BIM model allows us to gain a better
understanding of what will happen if structural elements are removed.
We can use a BIM model to determine what kind of demolition

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equipment we'll need, how much articulation the building can support, and
how our work will interact with the work of the other trades.

11. Renovation
During the construction life cycle 'Renovation' is the process of restoring
something to its original state of repair and putting it back into service in the
building. Renovation is a term used in the construction industry to describe the
process of improving or modernizing an older, damaged, or defective
structure. The term "refurbishment" is used to distinguish it from "retrofitting,"
which is the process of adding a component or feature to something that was
not originally installed, or "renovation," which is the process of improving
something by cleaning, decorating, or re- equipping it.

How can organizations manage the construction life cycle more effectively
from start to finish by incorporating BIM into various phases of the
construction process, and these are the benefits of doing that.

Phase 1: Pre Construction Stage

The first step in the construction life cycle is to start. This may sound simple,
but it isn't always. It's easy to come up with an idea. To make that idea a
reality, a dedicated project team is needed, with input from both sides. Time
is also critical. If you have a project idea, it is best to get started right away
rather than wait until later. A feasibility test examines the project's scope
and goals to assess whether it is realistic. Once the team or the feasibility
test determines that a project is worthwhile, the second step is the actual
planning of the project. During this phase, the project's objectives and goals
should be defined. The planning stage is perhaps the most critical, as it lays
the groundwork for the remainder of the project. At this stage of the project,
your team will be tasked with defining the project, establishing timelines,
and delving into the project's scope from start to finish. During the
preconstruction phase, there will be a lot of meetings to talk about how to
meet milestones and when the project will be done.It will also be important

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to have meetings during the project so that real delays can be talked about
and small changes can be made to certain deadlines because of them.

Budgets need to be decided, which is when all the materials are being talked
about and decided on.

BIM can be used in this phase to gain these benefits.

 BIM can begin communication and visualisation during the pre-

construction phase of a project, which can benefit a variety of orders.
In addition to improving cost estimation, scheduling tasks performed,
and planning abilities for optimising designs, BIM can also help to
ensure smooth activity and quality at each stage of the project, saving
time and money at each stage.
 The control during the pre-construction stage will assist with quality checks and will
ensure constructability by detecting, modifying, and checking for inconsistencies in the
project during the design and planning stages.
 Since the beginning of the project, the overall communication among all parties involved
has been improved, which has had a positive impact on the reduction of errors and
clashes that can be detected earlier.

Phase 2: Design Stage

Once the project team or the feasibility test has determined that it is worthwhile to proceed with
the project, the next step is to begin the actual planning for the project. During this phase, the
project's goals and objectives should be set up as it grows.

The planning stage is perhaps the most important because it establishes the framework for the
entire project. This is the stage of the project where your team will be tasked with defining the
project itself, identifying timelines, and determining the scope of the project from beginning to
end.

It is critical not to lose sight of the financial situation. The budget is estimated, outlined, and
finally approved during the planning stage of the project. The budget plan must be given the
appropriate amount of time by the project team. Despite the fact that this is often the most time-
consuming part of the whole project, it is what makes or breaks a project. All those advantages
can be realised through the use of BIM during this phase.

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  Everyone who works on the project has access to the same digital models during
planning. This helps everyone work together and communicate, so any problems or
inconsistencies can be worked out before you start building.
 A lot of project management strategies, scheduling, and budget information can be
looked at with the help of BIM data at this point in the process.
 By looking at the digital 3D model, you can compare different design options, like which
materials to use. For example, you could do a side-by-side comparison of two deck or
roofing materials, which would let you see how each would look and feel when the
project is done. This may be able to help with both cost control and long-term
maintenance.
 It is possible to get information about who was in charge of each part of the building
design, as well as contact information for those people. This information should be
included in the BIM data during this phase.

Phase 3: Construction and Fabrication Stage

 Elaboration of this stage tests all of your project planning and scoping. Even a minor
misunderstanding can have far-reaching consequences later on in the project life cycle.
Reports on progress will help organizations keep track of project components and make
adjustments as needed. During this phase, BIM can help achieve these outcomes. The
project performance and monitoring stage will be implemented once the project has
started in earnest. To ensure the project is completed on time and within budget, this
stage evaluates its performance.
To ensure the project's success, daily supervision and a dedicated team of project and
construction managers are needed. Their job is to check the initial plans and make any
necessary changes as the project moves forward. Assuring that the project stays on track
requires constant communication and information sharing. During this phase, BIM can
help achieve these outcomes.

 Everyone involved in the project will be made aware of the changes because the digital
model will be automatically updated as needed.
 Contracting companies can take advantage of Just-in-Time delivery because the project's
details (such as the scope of work, budget, and schedule) were coordinated during the
planning phase and updated as changes are made to the project. The benefit of this is that
building materials will only be delivered when the time is right for installation, saving
money through the avoidance of unnecessary deliveries and preventing materials from
being destroyed or stolen while they are sitting on the construction site.
 Avoiding clashes can cut down on the amount of work that needs to be done on a job.
With BIM, you can plan it right before you start building it on the ground. You can avoid
last-minute changes and problems by making it easy for people from different fields to
review and comment on your work.
 BIM helps contractors choose better materials, speed up construction work, and cut costs.
It also reduces the risk of human errors during construction, which can save money.

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Phase 4: Post Construction Stage

This is where the project has come to, and project leaders need to be ready to show off their work
to their clients or show off a finished construction project. During this stage, project leaders have
even more responsibility, because they have to make sure everything about the construction
process is done, from scheduling to budgeting to finishing the building or construction site itself.
Once the final inspections have been done and the project leader has given the go-ahead, the
project must be approved by the client or site owner before it can be closed. Once the client
agrees, the project is done. During this phase and after this phase, BIM can be used to achieve
these benefits with this method.
As soon as a building is done and ready for use, the BIM data from the construction crew is sent
over to the new facility management group.
 As soon as the new facility management team takes over, work on the building is done
and it can be used. Builders and other people who work on a project can share the BIM
data with them.
 The contractor can update models to include important information about how the insides
of the building are set up. Details about where cables and outlets are, as well as where
offices and units are, might be included in the plans. This way, the space can be used to
its fullest extent by the client.
 Whenever a building is repaired or improved, the BIM model is updated. Thus, whenever
a structure requires repair, having all of this information stored in the BIM simplifies the
process of making an educated decision.

C). Describe the key professional skills that comes with the BIM when adopting to this
new information management system.

When we use BIM, we require a balance of technical and interpersonal skills. Several critical
professional skills are required for BIM implementation. These are just a few of the critical
abilities that will improve as a result of BIM use.

By combining BIM into our work, we can gain valuable experience in architectural, engineering,
or construction-related fields, as well as a clear understanding on the modelling process.

We can improve our general management skills in several ways. For example, we will gain a
better understanding of the team's and company's objectives, and we will be trained to find
solutions that benefit both.

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We can further develop our expertise in primary design software such as Revit and ArchiCAD.

We will become knowledgeable with industry-standard software such as Plugins, Navisworks,

Dynamo, Rhino, rendering/virtual reality packages, ReVu, and Revisto, and will be able to use
the appropriate tools.

Our understanding of architectural design hardware will improve, including workstation

hardware and driver requirements, network issues, plotter configurations, 3D printers, 3D
scanners, and other related technologies.

We will develop the ability to collaborate with BIM modelers, technicians, and engineers and to
comprehend their work.

Our skills in collaboration, teamwork, organization, communication, and workflow management

will all improve.

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