Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
11 views

Module 9 - Advanced SQL Query

This document covers advanced SQL query techniques, including writing SQL SELECT statements with expressions, aggregate functions, and various join types. It explains how to use expressions for calculations and comparisons, as well as the importance of grouping in aggregate functions. Additionally, it provides an overview of different types of joins, including inner, outer, left, right, and full joins.

Uploaded by

igcasan.jc07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Module 9 - Advanced SQL Query

This document covers advanced SQL query techniques, including writing SQL SELECT statements with expressions, aggregate functions, and various join types. It explains how to use expressions for calculations and comparisons, as well as the importance of grouping in aggregate functions. Additionally, it provides an overview of different types of joins, including inner, outer, left, right, and full joins.

Uploaded by

igcasan.jc07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Fundamentals of Database Systems

1
Database and Database Users

Module 9 Advanced SQL Query

Course Learning Outcomes:


1. Learn how to write SQL SELECT statement and know the result involving
Expression, Aggregate functions, Outer join, and Alias

Overview

More on SQL SELECT queries


• SQL Expression
• Aggregate functions with grouping
• More table join types and options
• Alias

Expression

It is a combination of symbols and operators that returns a single value.


An Expression can be:
• A single constant, column, variable, or scalar function
o 12
o 3.14
o ‘Anne Curtis’
o ‘05/18/16’
o CustomerName
o GetDate()
• A number, columns, literals, functions connected by operators
o 10*4+3
o ‘Anne’ + ‘Curtis’
o Address + ‘,’ + City + ‘,’ + Zipcode
o Quantity * Price
o 3.5 * Price

1.1 Expression used as Columns

Course Module
SELECT ProductName, Price * 2 AS ‘New Price’
FROM Products;

SELECT FirstName+ ‘ ‘ + LastName


FROM Students

SELECT GETDATE();

1.2 Expression used for Comparison

SELECT *
FROM Products
WHERE Stocks < 5;

SELECT ProductName, Price * 3 AS Discount


FROM Products
WHERE Price * 3 <= 15;

2. Aggregate Functions

Using aggregate functions for row calculation


• MAX – maximum of all or selected values
• MIN – minimum of all or selected values
• COUNT – number of all or selected values
• SUM – sum of all or selected values
• AVG – average of all or selected values

SELECT COUNT(ProductID) AS NumberOfProducts


FROM Products;

2.2 Grouping

GROUP BY – aggregation with groups. Used to get aggregation results for


different groups of records.
Fundamentals of Database Systems
3
Database and Database Users

SELECT CategoryID, AVG(Price)


FROM Products
GROUP BY CategoryID;

Limitations of GROUP BY
Columns or expressions can be in the SELECT clause only if they are in the GROUP BY clause.

3. Table Join Types

Inner Join
Records that have matching records from two (2) tables
Outer Join
▪ It is needed when minimum cardinality is optional on a table.
▪ Left Join – include all qualified records from the left table in the join condition even
if they do not have matching records in the right table.
▪ Right Join - include all qualified records from the right table in the join condition
even if they do not have matching records in the left table.
▪ Full Join – include all qualified records from both tables in the join condition.

Course Module
OUTER JOIN Example
Fundamentals of Database Systems
5
Database and Database Users

3. Alias

Course Module
References and Supplementary Materials
Books and Journals
1. Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B. Navathe; 2016; Fundamentals of Database Systems;
USA; Pearson
2. Dr. Kashif Qureshi; 2018; Advanced concepts of information technology; educreation
publishing; India.
Online Supplementary Reading Materials
1. RelationalDBDesing;; March 31, 2020
2. Advantages of Database Management System;
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/Advantages-of-Database-Management-System;
March 31, 2020
3. DesigningandManagingData;
https://www.academia.edu/36712448/Entity_Relationship_Diagram_ERD_Basics_CIS
_3730_Designing_and_Managing_Data; April 01, 2020
4. DesigningandManagingData; http://jackzheng.net/teaching/archive/cis3730-2010-
fall/; April 03,2020
Online Instructional Videos
1. Introduction to Database; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8e-
wgQnsFxE&list=PLJ5C_6qdAvBHKccG0ZyOxcf_2YO6r4Q4l; March 21, 2020
2. Three levels of Architecture/DBMS;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6xh8wKfjkY; April 01,2020
3. Relational Data Model; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TsSf1Z3g0Kk; Arpil 06,
2020.
4. Basic Concept of Database Normalization;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoTyrdT9SZI; April 08, 2020
5. SQL Basics; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zbMHLJ0dY4w; April 10, 2020
6. Joins|SQL|; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efpFCd8iFAQ; April 11, 2020

You might also like