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The Endocrine System

The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones regulating various bodily functions including metabolism, growth, mood, and reproduction. Hormones play a crucial role in the male and female reproductive systems, with the pituitary gland controlling the release of hormones like FSH and LH that affect sperm and egg production. Hormonal imbalances can lead to disorders such as osteoporosis, goiter, gigantism, and dwarfism.

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Alex Allapitan
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2 views

The Endocrine System

The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones regulating various bodily functions including metabolism, growth, mood, and reproduction. Hormones play a crucial role in the male and female reproductive systems, with the pituitary gland controlling the release of hormones like FSH and LH that affect sperm and egg production. Hormonal imbalances can lead to disorders such as osteoporosis, goiter, gigantism, and dwarfism.

Uploaded by

Alex Allapitan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Endocrine System

The endocrine system is composed of different


glands which secrete hormones that regulate
metabolism, growth and development, mood, and
reproduction. Hormones are organic substances
released by the glands of the endocrine system
directly into the bloodstream. Hormones are
capable of changing the physiological and
metabolic behaviors of their target cells to maintain
homeostasis. The major endocrine glands in the
body are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid,
thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovaries, and testes.
The Role of Hormones in Female and Male
Reproductive Systems
A human being depends on reproduction for
continued production of species. If humans stop to
reproduce, the human species will become extinct.
Reproduction is a normal process controlled by
hormones. These hormones keep both the male and
female reproductive systems to function properly. The
pituitary gland controls the functions of both the testes
and ovaries. Into the male system, pituitary gland
releases follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH). As the FSH enters the testes, it
stimulates the Sertoli cells that are responsible for
nourishing the sperm cells that the testes produce to
facilitate the process of sperm production. Also, LH
enters the testes to stimulate the interstitial cells called
the Leydig cells to make and release testosterone into
the testes and the blood. The hormone testosterone is
responsible for the development of male secondary
sexual characteristics and stimulates the process of
sperm production in the testes. In female reproductive
system, the follicles produce estrogen that controls the
growth and release of eggs from the ovaries. Together
with it is another hormone known as progesterone which
prepares uterus so that the fertilized egg can grow in it.
Progesterone is also responsible for preventing muscle
contraction of the uterus that can cause the egg to
detach from the uterus. In addition, the hormone inhibin
produced by follicle cells inhibit FSH (follicle stimulating
hormone) production. FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
and LH (luteinizing hormone) plays in the regulation of
estrogen-progesterone levels. It affects the development
of the follicles and maturation of the egg as well as the
process of ovulation.
(https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/
chapter/hormonal-control-of human-reproduction/)
Endocrine System Disorder
Hormonal imbalance will occur if the organs and
hormones of your body do not produce the right amount
of chemicals needed which in turn may lead to some
dysfunctions. The following are some examples of
endocrine disorders.
Osteoporosis is a disease that happens when the
mineral density of the bone is reduced making it brittle
and porous. Parathyroid hormone secretion is one of the
possible causes of this disease.
Goiter is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.
It results from the underproduction or overproduction of
thyroid hormones.
Gigantism is a disorder that happens during childhood
when there is abnormal increase in height associated
with too much secretion of growth hormones.
Dwarfism is a condition wherein the production of
growth hormones in the pituitary gland is insufficient
resulting in short stature.

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