Catchment Water Management

CIVE1146

Tutorial – Control Vector

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CONTROL VECTOR

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 Example - Data for the West Creek catchment

Sub catchment Areas

subcatchment A B C D E F
Area (km2) 21.8 16.9 13.7 12.7 9.8 14.8

Reach Lengths
Storage 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Reach length km 4.7 4.1 3.2 2.1 2.6 3.2 2.4 4.2

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UNIFORM RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION ON THE CATCHMENT

Time Rainfall (mm) Time Streamflow

(m3/sec)
0–2 0.9 0 0
2–4 2.5 2 4.57
4–6 8.7 4 9.15
6–8 1.6 6 13.7
8 – 10 5.6 8 17.2
10 – 12 6.5 10 19.9
12 23.9
14 28.0
16 22.6
18 16.9
20 10.2
22 7
24 4.57
26 2.96
28 1.61
30 0.8
32 0

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• DATA FILE - FIT RUN
•
• West Creek at Jasper (Give the name of the creek and preferably location)
• 1, CHANNEL TYPE FLAG - ALL REACHES NATURAL
• 1,4.7,-99, SUB-AREA A (reach length 4.7KM)
• 3, STORE HG
• 1,4.1,-99, SUB-AREA B (reach length 4.1km)
• 4, ADD HG’s A & B
• 3, STORE SUM
• 1,3.2,-99, SUB-AREA C (reach length 3.2km)
• 4, ADD HG FROM c TO A & B
• 5,2.1,-99 ROUTE TO D INPUT (reach length 2.1 km)
• 2,2.6,-99, SUB-AREA D (reach length 2.6 km)
• 3, STORE H/G
• 1,3.2,-99, SUB-AREA E (reach length 3.2)
• 4 (ADD IN STORED H/G)
• 5,2.4,-99, ROUTE TO F INPUT (reach length 2.4km)
• 2,4.2,-99, SUB-AREA F (reach length 4.2km)
• 7.1, NOW AT THE OUTLET. COMPARE OBSERVED AND CALCULATED H/Gs.
• 0, END OF CONTROL VECTOR
• C SUB-AREA AREAS
• 21.8,16.9,13.7,12.7,9.8,14.8,-99
• 0,-99, ALL AREAS PERVIOUS
• 0900 HOURS ON 6 NOVEMBER 1971
• FIT
• C TIME INCREMENTS=2hrs, CALCULATIONS FOR 20 TIME INCREMENTS, 1 BURST, 1 RAIN GAUGE, ASSUME UNIFORM RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION
• 2.,20,1,1,0,-99
• 0,6, RAIN FROM 0-6 TIME INCREMENTS
• Melbourne
• 0.9,2.5,8.7,1.6,5.6,6.5,-99
• C HYDROGRAPH DATA
• 0,16,-99, START AND END TIMES
• THE JASPER
• 0,4.57,9.15,13.7,17.2,19.9,23.9,28.0,22.6,16.9,10.2,7.0,4.57,2.96,1.61,0.8,0,-99 H/G 16 TIME INCREMENTS AND 17 VALUES.

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 Preparing Data file

Catchment name – Give a meaningful

name so that you can refer to the file
on a later date.
Reach type flag – Code is 1 as all
reaches are in natural condition.
Control code – Write the control code
based on your stream network. Take
note of ‘7’ and ‘7.1’ for ‘Fit’, ‘Test’ and
‘Design’ runs.

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Section 2 is not applicable for your
assignment.

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 For the Design Storm

When preparing the data file for the

design storm make sure you
include ‘Location of printout’.

If there are printouts required from

more than one location you need to
identify the location of the printout.
Give a meaningful name for the
location where the printout is
required.

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Sub-area and storm data

Perviousness - Assume the whole

catchment is pervious.
Storm identification – give the location of
the gauge and the date of the actual event
had occurred.

Time increment - is the time of each rainfall

period of the hyetograph

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No. of time increments for which
calculations required –
This should be sufficient to define the
shape of the hydrograph. For fit and
test runs get the number from the
streamflow information. For the design
run it should be an arbitrary number. If
you do not get he full hydrograph and
back and increase the number.
No. of separate rainfall bursts is equal to
1 in your case.
No. of pluviographs – Each catchment
has 4 rain gauges. Use the Thiessen
polygon method to calculate the areal
uniform rainfall of the given catchment
Assume the rainfall is uniformly
distributed over the entire catchment.
As a result take the No. of pluviographs
as equal to 1 and give the values you
calculated from the Thiessen polygon
method as the rainfall values.
.

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In a DESIGN run there are no actual
pluviograph data.

Use the design storm values calculated

for ARI of 1:100 yrs. Recommended by
Australian Rainfall and Runoff.

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Hydrograph Data

Give the actual streamflow values.

In DESIGN runs there is no actual

hydrograph data.

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Design storm details

• West Creek at Jasper (Give the name of the creek and preferably location)
• 1, CHANNEL TYPE FLAG - ALL REACHES NATURAL
• 1,4.7,-99, SUB-AREA A (reach length 4.7KM)
• 3, STORE HG
• 1,4.1,-99, SUB-AREA B (reach length 4.1km)
• 4, ADD HG’s A & B
• 3, STORE SUM
• 1,3.2,-99, SUB-AREA C (reach length 3.2km)
• 4, ADD HG FROM c TO A & B
• 5,2.1,-99 ROUTE TO D INPUT (reach length 2.1 km)
• 2,2.6,-99, SUB-AREA D (reach length 2.6 km)
• 3, STORE H/G
• 1,3.2,-99, SUB-AREA E (reach length 3.2)
• 4 (ADD IN STORED H/G)
• 5,2.4,-99, ROUTE TO F INPUT (reach length 2.4km)
• 2,4.2,-99, SUB-AREA F (reach length 4.2km)
• 7.0, PRINT RESULTS WHERE THERE IS NO HG DATA FOR COMPARISON. (NOTE THESE TWO LINES HAVE CHANGED FOR DESIGN RUNS)
• Catchment outlet
• 0, END OF CONTROL VECTOR
• C SUB-AREA AREAS
• 21.8,16.9,13.7,12.7,9.8,14.8,-99
• 0,-99, ALL AREAS PERVIOUS
• Design Storm 1:100 years XX duration (NOTE DESIGN RAINFALL DATA WILL CHANGE FOR DESIGN RUNS BASED ON HK RAINFALL PATTERNS)
• DESIGN
• C TIME INCREMENTS=2hrs, CALCULATIONS FOR 20 TIME INCREMENTS, 1 BURST, 1 RAIN GAUGE, ASSUME UNIFORM RAINFALL
DISTRIBUTION (Give design storm information)
• 2.,20,1,1,0,-99
• 0,6, RAIN FROM 0-6 TIME INCREMENTS
• Melbourne
• 0.9,2.5,8.7,1.6,5.6,6.5,-99

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Creating Data file for your assignment

• Subcatchment boundaries, nodes and storages are marked in the catchment map.
• Measure reach lengths between nodes and subcatchment areas to create the
input data file.
• Prepare the input data file for your catchment as given in the user manual (A
sample data file is given in tutorial slides).
• To determine optimum values of kc and m use one set of storm data given in Table
2 of the assignment sheet.
• Write the control vector as given in the user manual. When saving the data file
you have to save as extension ‘.dat’ a text file.
• Note: Create the data file using the notepad and safe as extension ‘.dat’. The
first line of the input data file has to be the top row of the page (do not keep
a blank line at the top). All subsequent lines have to start from column 1 of
each line.
•

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FIT run
Click on the RORBWin icon to start
the program, and then on ‘File’,
‘New’, and ‘Run specification’ to
bring up the Run Specification
screen
Click on ‘Single input file’ as we
have created a single data file with
both catchment data and storm
data. (If necessary you can also
have 2 separate files for catchment
information and storm information).
Browse the computer and select
your input data file to run with
RORB.
Select initial loss/continuing loss
model
Keep other choices on the screen
at the default options.
Press the ‘OK’ button brings up the
Parameter Specification window.

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Fitting Hydrographs
• For this Window, you need
to give kc and m values.
• Give arbitrary kc and m
values (0.5<m<1.0; normally
around 0.8).
• A value for initial loss also
has to be given. The
program calculates the
respective continuing loss.
• Pressing the ‘Plot’ button
produces:
• Independently change both
kc and m until you obtain a
good fit of actual and
estimated hydrographs.
Observe how these
parameters influence the
hydrograph shape.

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• You can superimpose the ‘Parameter • You can obtain details about the
Specification” screen on the catchment, rainfall excess, model
hydrograph screen by clicking ‘tools’ parameters, comparison between actual
and ‘interactive’. Change the Kc and and calculated hydrographs by clicking
m values until you get a good fit on to ‘View Text Output’ button on the
between the actual (observed) and toolbar.
calculated (estimated) hydrographs.

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TEST run

• Create another data file with the second set of storm data.
• To verify the fitted parameters, run the RORB model with the parameters
obtained from the fit run (Initial loss could vary).
• Compare the actual and estimated hydrographs (Read section 7.3 in the user
manual).
• If the fit is satisfactory, kc and m parameters are now consider invariant and
fixed as the catchment parameters.
• If not find a new set of kc and m parameters from the fit run until satisfactory
results are obtained from FIT and TEST runs.

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DESIGN run
• When the model has been fitted and tested, the kc and m parameters are
constant for this particular catchment. Use these parameters for design
purposes.
• Run RORB, assuming initial loss equal to 0 and continuing losses obtained
from FIT run. Note you need to change the ‘Print’ control code of the
catchment input data file in the design run (See Table 4.1 in the manual).
• The storm duration to produce the maximum peak discharge is not known. It
is necessary to run the model with different design storms calculated
according to Australian Rainfall and Runoff.
• Obtain Intensity-Frequency-Duration curves and the design storm patterns
(temporal patterns ) for the given location and for a recurrence interval of
1:100 years using Graham Jenkin’s AUSIFD program V(2) (Uploaded on the
myRMIT CIVE1145 Blackboard or use Bureau of Meteorology free software
at http://www.bom.gov.au/water/designRainfalls/ifd-arr87/index.shtml.

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Critical Design Strom

• Plot design peak discharge (Qp) vs. duration of the storm.

• Find the storm which produced maximum peak discharge.

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