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SQL Hard Interview Question

The document contains a series of SQL interview questions focused on various data analysis tasks, including user retention rates, product rankings, revenue growth, and conversion rates. Each question is accompanied by a SQL query that demonstrates how to achieve the desired results. The tasks range from calculating moving averages to identifying mutual user follows and computing Net Promoter Scores.

Uploaded by

Sagar Shinde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

SQL Hard Interview Question

The document contains a series of SQL interview questions focused on various data analysis tasks, including user retention rates, product rankings, revenue growth, and conversion rates. Each question is accompanied by a SQL query that demonstrates how to achieve the desired results. The tasks range from calculating moving averages to identifying mutual user follows and computing Net Promoter Scores.

Uploaded by

Sagar Shinde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SQL Hard Interview Questions

PRAGYA RATHI

1. 7-Day User Retention Rate


Task: Calculate the percentage of users active 7 days after their signup.
SELECT
signup_week,
COUNT(DISTINCT a.user_id) * 100.0 / COUNT(DISTINCT s.user_id) AS retention_rate
FROM signups s
LEFT JOIN activity a
ON s.user_id = a.user_id
AND a.event_date = s.signup_date + INTERVAL '7 days'
GROUP BY signup_week;

---

2. Top 5 Products per Category (with Ties)


Task: Rank products within categories by sales, including ties.
WITH ranked_products AS (
SELECT
category,
product_id,
sales,
DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY category ORDER BY sales DESC) AS rank
FROM products
)
SELECT category, product_id, sales
FROM ranked_products
WHERE rank <= 5;

---

3. Month-over-Month Revenue Growth


Task: Compute monthly revenue growth percentage, handling missing months.
WITH monthly_revenue AS (
SELECT
DATE_TRUNC('month', order_date) AS month,
SUM(revenue) AS revenue
FROM orders
GROUP BY 1
)
SELECT
month,
(revenue - LAG(revenue) OVER (ORDER BY month)) * 100.0 / LAG(revenue) OVER (ORDER
BY month) AS growth
FROM monthly_revenue;

---

4. Consecutive Purchases/Logins
Task: Find users with 3+ consecutive days of activity.
WITH user_dates AS (
SELECT
user_id,
event_date,
LAG(event_date, 2) OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY event_date) AS prev_date
FROM activity
)
SELECT DISTINCT user_id
FROM user_dates
WHERE event_date - prev_date = 2;

---

5. Funnel Conversion Rates


Task: Calculate drop-offs between stages (e.g., visit → signup → purchase).
WITH stages AS (
SELECT
visit.user_id,
signup.user_id IS NOT NULL AS signed_up,
purchase.user_id IS NOT NULL AS purchased
FROM visits
LEFT JOIN signups ON visit.user_id = signup.user_id
LEFT JOIN purchases ON visit.user_id = purchase.user_id
)
SELECT
COUNT(*) AS visits,
SUM(signed_up) AS signups,
SUM(purchased) AS purchases
FROM stages;

---

6. Median Session Duration


Task: Compute median session duration without built-in functions.
WITH ordered_sessions AS (
SELECT
duration,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY duration) AS rn,
COUNT(*) OVER () AS total
FROM sessions
)
SELECT AVG(duration) AS median
FROM ordered_sessions
WHERE rn BETWEEN total/2 AND total/2 + 1;

---

7. Cohort Weekly Retention


Task: Track weekly retention for 8 weeks post-signup.
SELECT
signup_week,
COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) AS cohort_size,
COUNT(DISTINCT CASE WHEN week_diff = 1 THEN user_id END) AS week_1,
COUNT(DISTINCT CASE WHEN week_diff = 2 THEN user_id END) AS week_2,
...
FROM (
SELECT
s.user_id,
DATE_TRUNC('week', s.signup_date) AS signup_week,
DATE_TRUNC('week', a.event_date) - DATE_TRUNC('week', s.signup_date) AS week_diff
FROM signups s
LEFT JOIN activity a ON s.user_id = a.user_id
)
GROUP BY 1;

---

8. 30-Day Moving Average of Sales


Task: Calculate a rolling average of daily sales.
SELECT
date,
AVG(sales) OVER (ORDER BY date RANGE BETWEEN INTERVAL '29 days' PRECEDING
AND CURRENT ROW) AS moving_avg
FROM daily_sales;

---

9. Reciprocal User Follows


Task: Identify mutual follows (A → B and B → A).
SELECT DISTINCT
f1.user_id AS user_a,
f2.user_id AS user_b
FROM follows f1
JOIN follows f2
ON f1.user_id = f2.target_id
AND f1.target_id = f2.user_id
AND f1.user_id < f2.user_id;

---

10. Net Promoter Score (NPS)


Task: Compute NPS from survey scores (0-10).
WITH nps_categories AS (
SELECT
CASE
WHEN score >= 9 THEN 'promoter'
WHEN score <= 6 THEN 'detractor'
ELSE 'passive'
END AS category
FROM survey
)
SELECT
(COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE category = 'promoter') -
COUNT(*) FILTER (WHERE category = 'detractor')) * 100.0 / COUNT(*) AS nps
FROM nps_categories;

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