Ex:7.

1
REVERSE OF A STRING
Date:

Aim:
To write a python program for reversing a string.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Read the value of a string value by using function call reversed_string.
Step 3: if len(text)==1 return text.
Step 4: else return reversed_string(text[1:])+text[:1].
Step 5: Print a
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
def reversed_string(text):
if len(text) == 1:
return text
return reversed_string(text[1:])+text[:1]
a=reversed_string("Hello, World!")
print(a)

Output:
dlroW,olleH

Result:Thus the python program for reversing a.string is executed and the results are verified.
 Ex:7.2
PALINDROME OF A STRING
Date:

Aim:
To write a python program for palindrome of a string.
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Read the value of a string value by using input method.
Step 3: if string==string[::-1],print “the string is palindrome”.
Step 4: else print “ Not a palindrome ”.
Step 5: Stop the program

Program:
string=input(("Enter a string:"))
if(string==string[::-1]):
print("The string is a palindrome")
else:
print("Not a palindrome")

Output:
Enter a string: madam
The string is a palindrome
Enter a string: nice
Not a palindrome

Result: Thus the python program for palindrome of a string is executed and the results are verified.
 Ex:8.1
Date: CONVERT LIST IN TO A SERIES USING PANDAS

Aim:
To write a python program for converting list into a Series.

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start the program. Step

2: import pandas library
Step 3: Create an object as pd for pandas.
Step 4: Define a list
Step 5: Convert the list into series by calling the series function
Step 6: print the result
Step 7: Stop the program.

Program:

#To use pandas first we have to import pandas

import pandas as pd
#Here pd just a object of pandas
#Defining a List
A=['a','b','c','d','e']
#Converting into a series
df=pd.Series(A)
print(df)

Output:
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 d
5 e
dtype: object

Result: Thus the python program for converting list into a series is executed and the results are
verified.
 Ex:8.2
FINDING THE ELEMENTS OF A GIVEN ARRAY IS ZERO USING
Date: NUMPY

Aim:
To write a python program for testing whether none of the elements of a given array is zero.

Algorithm:

Step 1 : Start the program.

Step 2 : import numpy library
Step 3 : Create a object as np for numpy library
Step 4 : Define and initialize an array
Step 5 : to test if none of the elements of the said array is zero use all function
Step 6 : print the result
Step 7: Stop the program.

Program:

import numpy as np
#Array without zero value
x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4,])
print("Original array:")
print(x)
print("Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:")
print(np.all(x))
#Array with zero value
x=np.array([0,1,2,3])
print("Original array:")
print(x)
print("Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:")
print(np.all(x))

Output:
Original array:
[1 2 3 4]
Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:
True
Original array:
[0 1 2 3]
Test if none of the elements of the said array is zero:
False

Result:
Thus the python program for testing whether none of the elements of a given array is zero is
executed and the results are verified.
 Ex:9.1
Date: COPY TEXT FROM ONE FILE TO ANOTHER

Aim:
To write a Python program for copying text from one file to another.
Algorithm:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: Create file named file.txt and write some data into it.
Step 3: Create a file name sample.txt to copy the contents of the file
Step 4: The file file.txt is opened using the open() function using the f stream.
Step 5: Another file sample.txt is opened using the open() function in the write mode using the
f1 stream.
Step 6: Each line in the file is iterated over using a for loop (in the input stream).
Step 7: Each of the iterated lines is written into the output file.
Step 8: Stop

Program:
with open("file.txt")as f:
with open("sample.txt","w")as f1:
for line in f:
f1.write(line)
 Output:

The contents of file named file.txt is copied into sample.txt

Result: Thus the python program for copying text from one file to another is executed and the results
are verified.
 Ex:9.2
Date: COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS (WORDCOUNT)

Aim:
To write a Python program for command line arguments.

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start
Step 2: import the package sys
Step 3: Get the arguments in command line prompt
Step 4: Print the number of arguments in the command line by using len(sys.argv)function
Step 5: Print the arguments using str(sys.argv ) function
Step 6: Stop

Program:
import sys
print('Number of arguments:',len(sys.argv),'arguments.')
print('Argument List:',str(sys.argv))

Steps for execution:

Open Windows command prompt by typing cmd in startup menu

C:\Users\admin>cd..
C:\Users>cd..
C:\>cd Portable Python 3.2.5.1 C:\
PortablePython3.2.5.1>cd App
C:\PortablePython3.2.5.1\App>python.exe cmd.py arg1 arg2 arg3
Or
C:\PortablePython3.2.5.1\App>python cmd.py arg1 arg2 arg3

Output:
Number of arguments: 4 arguments.
Argument List: ['cmd.py','arg1','arg2','arg3']

Result: Thus the Python program for command line arguments is executed successfully and the
output is verified.
 Ex:10.1
DIVIDE BY ZERO ERROR–EXCEPTION HANDING
Date:

Aim:
To write a Python program for finding divide by zero error.

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start the program

Step 2: Take inputs from the user, two numbers.
Step 3: If the entered data is not integer, throw an exception.
Step 4: If the remainder is 0, throw divide by zero exception.
Step 5: If no exception is there, return the result.
Step 6: Stop the program.

Program:

try:
num1 = int(input("Enter First Number: "))
num2 = int(input("Enter Second Number:"))
result = num1 / num2
print(result)
except Value Error as e:
print("Invalid Input Please Input Integer...")
except Zero Division Error as e:
print(e)

Output:
Enter First Number: 12.5
Invalid Input Please Input Integer...

Enter First Number: 12

Enter Second Number: 0
division by zero

Enter First Number: 12

Enter Second Number: 2
6.0

Result: Thus the Python program for finding divide by zero error is executed successfully and the
output is verified.
 Ex:10.2
VOTER’S AGE VALIDITY
Date:

Aim:
To write a Python program for validating voter’s age.

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start the program

Step 2: Accept the age of the person.
Step 3: If age is greater than or equal to18, then display 'You are eligible to vote'.
Step 4: If age is less than 18, then display 'You are not eligible to vote'.
Step 5: If the entered data is not integer, throw an exception value error.
Step 6: If the entered data is not proper, throw an IOError exception Step
7: If no exception is there, return the result.
Step 8: Stop the program.

Program:

def main():
#single try statement can have multiple except statements.
try:
age=int(input("Enter your age"))
if age>18:
print("'You are eligible to vote'")
else:
print("'You are not eligible to vote'")
except Value Error:
print("age must be a valid number")
except IOError:
print("Enter correct value")
#generic except clause, which handles any exception.
except:
print("An Error occured")
main()
Output:
Enter your age 20.3
age must be a valid number

Enter your age 12

Not eligible to vote

Enter your age 35

Eligible to vote

Result: Thus the Python program for validating voter’s age is executed successfully and the output
is verified.
 Ex:10.2
STUDENT MARK RANGE VALIDATION
Date:

Aim:
To write a python program for student mark range validation

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start the program

Step 2: Get the inputs from the users.
Step 3: If the entered data is not integer, throw an exception.
Step 4: If no exception is there, return the result.
Step 5: Stop the program.

Program:

def main():
try:
mark=int(input("Enter your mark:"))
if(mark>=50 and mark<101):
print("You have passed")
else:
print("You have failed")
except ValueError:
print("It must be a valid number")
except IOError:
print("Enter correct valid number")
except:
print("an error occured")
main()
 Output:
Enter your mark:50
You have passed
Enter your mark:r
It must be a valid number
Enter your mark:0
You have failed

Result: Thus the python program for student mark range validation is executed and verified.