Arduino

Introduction
 Arduino is an open-source
electronics platform based
on simple software and
hardware. It consists of a
microcontroller (a small
computer on a chip) and an
integrated development
what is environment (IDE)
allows users to write and
that

arduino ?
upload code to the board.
The platform is designed to
make it easy for anyone to
create interactive electronics
projects, whether you're a
beginner or an experienced
developer.
 Arduino is widely used in
a variety of applications
such as robotics,
automation, Internet of
Things (IoT), data
what is logging, and more. It
provides a simple way to
interact with sensors,
arduino ? motors, LEDs, and other
electronic components,
enabling the creation of
numerous creative and
functional projects.
Open-source: The hardware
and software are publicly
key features
available for modification and
redistribution.
of arduino
User-friendly: The Arduino IDE
is simple to use, making it
accessible for beginners.
Versatile: Can be used to
control a wide range of devices
and interact with different
sensors.
Extensive community: Arduino
has a large and active user
base, with many resources
available for learning and
troubleshooting.
ARDUINO
BOARDS
ARDUINO UNO Meaning: Uno means
"one" in Italian. This is the
most basic and popular
Arduino board, ideal for
beginners.
Purpose: General-purpose
board with enough I/O
pins for most projects.
Features:
-ATmega328P microcontroller
-14 digital I/O pins
-6 analog inputs
-USB connection for
programming
ARDUINO mega Meaning: "Mega" refers to
the large number of
2560 input/output pins it offers.
Purpose: Used for projects
requiring more I/O pins,
memory, or complex
functions.
Features:
-ATmega2560 microcontroller
-54 digital I/O pins
-16 analog inputs
-More memory and storage
than the Uno
ARDUINO nano Meaning: "Nano" refers to
its compact, small size.
Purpose: A smaller, more
compact version of the
Uno, often used in
projects where space is
limited.
Features:
-ATmega328P microcontroller
-14 digital I/O pins
-8 analog inputs
-Breadboard-friendly
 ARDUINO Meaning:
Leonardo
Named
da
after
Vinci,
leonardo highlighting its versatility,
including HID (Human
Interface Device) features.
Purpose: Can act as a
keyboard, mouse, or other
USB devices, making it ideal
for custom input devices or
interactive projects.
Features:
-ATmega32U4 microcontroller
-20 digital I/O pins
-12 analog inputs
-Built-in USB communication
for emulating keyboards, mice,
etc.
ARDUINO DUE Meaning: "Due" is Italian
for "two," representing
the transition to a 32-bit
processor.
Purpose: A powerful 32-
bit board, great for
advanced projects
requiring more
processing power and
memory.
Features:
-ARM Cortex-M3 processor
(Atmel SAM3X8E)
-54 digital I/O pins
-12 analog inputs
-512 KB of flash memory
ARDUINO PRO Meaning: "Pro Mini"
signifies a smaller, more
MINI compact version of the
Arduino, targeting
professionals or advanced
users.
Purpose: A small, low-
power board intended for
embedded applications.
Features:
-ATmega328P microcontroller
-14 digital I/O pins
-6 analog inputs
-Lower power consumption,
no USB port
ARDUINO MKR Meaning: "MKR" stands for
"Maker," while "Zero"
ZERO indicates a fresh, new
start with modern
features.
Purpose: Designed for
advanced projects that
need low power, and it has
support for microSD cards,
making it great for data
logging.
Features:
-ARM Cortex-M0+ processor
(SAMD21)
-14 digital I/O pins
-6 analog inputs
-256 KB flash memory
 Meaning: "Yun" is derived
from the Chinese word for
ARDUINO YUN "cloud," as the board is
designed for networked
applications.
Purpose: Combines Arduino
functionality with Linux-
based networking
capabilities, perfect for
connected applications.
Features:
-Atheros AR9331 microprocessor
(Linux)
-12 digital I/O pins
-4 analog inputs
-Built-in Wi-Fi
ARDUINO Meaning: "LilyPad"
lILYPAD represents
shape of
the
the
flower
board,
designed for wearable
electronics.
Purpose: A flexible,
sewable board for
integrating electronics into
clothing or textiles.
Features:
-ATmega328P microcontroller
-14 digital I/O pins
-6 analog inputs
-Focuses on low power and
easy integration into fabric
ARDUINO 101 Meaning: "101" refers to an
introductory course or
fundamental understanding
of electronics and
programming.
Purpose: Ideal for
beginners, with built-in
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
support and motion-sensing
capabilities.
Features:
-Intel Curie processor
-14 digital I/O pins
-6 analog inputs
-Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
support
ARDUINO MKR Meaning: "MKR" stands for
FAMILY "Maker," indicating that the
boards are designed for
more advanced makers and
IoT projects.
Purpose: A family of boards
specifically for IoT and
connected applications, each
with different
communication capabilities.
Examples:
-MKR Wi-Fi 1010 (Wi-Fi
connectivity)
-MKR GSM 1400 (Cellular
connectivity)
-MKR NB 1500 (Narrowband IoT)
Arduino
STARTER KIT
Arduino UNO R3
This is the microcontroller board
CH340 at the heart of the Arduino
platform. It uses the
ATmega328P chip and is the
third revision (R3) of the popular
Arduino UNO. The CH340 refers
to the USB-to-serial converter
used for communication
between the board and a
computer for programming and
data exchange.
Acts as the brain of your project.
You write code (sketches) and
upload them to the board to
control sensors, actuators, and
other peripherals.
Breadboard
A solderless platform
used for prototyping
electronic circuits.
Allows you to build
temporary circuits by
inserting components
and wires without
soldering. It's
especially useful for
testing and adjusting
circuit designs.
USB Cable
A cable used to
connect the Arduino
board to your
computer.
It is used for both
programming the
Arduino and
powering the board
during operation.
 Obstacle
Avoidance Module A sensor module that
detects obstacles in
its path.
Typically used in
robots, this module
can help the robot
avoid obstacles by
detecting objects
and sending signals
to change direction.
Soil Humidity
Sensor A sensor designed to
measure the
moisture level in the
soil.
Used in gardening or
agricultural projects,
this sensor can
detect the moisture
level in soil and help
control irrigation
systems.
Sound Sensor
Module A module that
detects sound levels
or sound waves.
It can be used to
detect sound
intensity and trigger
actions, such as
turning on an LED or
activating a system
when noise reaches a
certain threshold.
 Water Level
The water level detection
Detection Sensor sensor module works by
detecting the conductivity
Module of water between its
probes. When water is
present, it completes the
circuit between the probes,
allowing the sensor to send
a signal to the Arduino. The
Arduino can then process
this signal and take action,
such as turning on a pump,
triggering an alarm, or
displaying a water level on
a screen.
1-Digit 7-Segment
Display an electronic display device that
consists of 7 individual segments
arranged in a figure-eight shape.
These segments can be lit up in
different combinations to display
numbers (0-9) or some characters. A
1-digit display means it can only
show a single character or number at
a time.
used to display numerical values
(e.g., a counter, timer, or sensor
reading). Each segment is controlled
by sending a signal from the
Arduino's pins to the display. By
turning on specific segments, the
display shows different numbers or
characters. The Arduino uses digital
output pins to control which
segments light up.
DHT11
A digital temperature
and humidity sensor.
Measures both the
temperature and
humidity of the
surrounding
environment and
sends data to the
Arduino for use in
various projects (e.g.,
weather stations).
 Active and
Buzzers that produce sound
Passive Buzzer when activated.
Passive Buzzer: Emits sound
when it receives a voltage
signal (needs an external
frequency source).
Active Buzzer: Emits sound
on its own when power is
applied (no external signal
needed).
Used in alarms,
notifications, or signaling
systems to indicate
conditions like warnings or
triggers.
Potentiometer
(10K) A variable resistor
with a resistance
value that can be
adjusted manually.
Used to adjust or
control voltage within
a circuit, often for
controlling things like
volume in audio
systems or brightness
in LED circuits.
Button Switch A basic
button switch.
push-
Used as a user
input device, when
pressed, it can
trigger an event,
such as turning an
LED on or off or
initiating a
function in the
circuit.
 3 Kinds of
Resistor (10k, 220, Current Control: Resistors help
control the current flowing
through a circuit, protecting
1K) sensitive components like
LEDs, sensors, and the
microcontroller itself.
Voltage Division: They can
divide voltages to create
reference voltages or lower
voltages to be safe for other
components.
Stabilizing Signals: In some
cases, resistors are used to
stabilize input signals,
particularly when dealing with
buttons, sensors, or analog
signals.
M-M Dupont A type of jumper
wire with male
Wire connectors on both
ends.
Used to make
connections between
the Arduino board
and other
components like
sensors, actuators,
or the breadboard.
Photoresistor A light-dependent
resistor that
changes its
resistance based on
the amount of light
falling on it.
Used for detecting
light intensity, it can
trigger actions like
turning on a light
when it gets dark.
Tilt Switch A switch that
responds to changes
in orientation or tilt.
It can be used to
detect the tilt of an
object or device,
often used in
applications like
level indicators or
safety devices.
Thermistor A type of resistor
whose resistance
varies with
temperature.
Used to measure
temperature changes
in a circuit by
detecting changes in
its resistance with
varying temperature.
RGB LED A light-emitting diode
(LED) that can
produce a wide range
of colors by mixing
red, green, and blue
light.
Used to create
multicolored light
effects and can be
controlled by the
Arduino to display
different colors.
Red Yellow Basic colored LEDs.
These LEDs are
Green LED used for simple
visual indicators in
projects. For
example, red for
warning, green for
go, and yellow for
caution in various
applications.
thank you