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FIT Unit 3 Software

The document provides an overview of software types, categorizing them into System Software and Application Software. System Software includes Operating Systems and Utilities, while Application Software encompasses various programs like Word Processing, Spreadsheet, and Graphics Software. It also discusses computer languages, detailing Machine Language, Assembly Language, and High-Level Language, along with their advantages and limitations.

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shewaledipa2210
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3 views

FIT Unit 3 Software

The document provides an overview of software types, categorizing them into System Software and Application Software. System Software includes Operating Systems and Utilities, while Application Software encompasses various programs like Word Processing, Spreadsheet, and Graphics Software. It also discusses computer languages, detailing Machine Language, Assembly Language, and High-Level Language, along with their advantages and limitations.

Uploaded by

shewaledipa2210
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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St.

PAUL’S DEGREE & PG COLLEGE


(Affiliated to Osmania University)
Street No. 8, Himayathnagar, Hyderabad. Ph.No: 27602533

FIT B. Com (Comp App)


UNIT-III

Software and its types:


Software is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function.
A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem.
There are two types of software −

• System Software
• Application Software

1. System Software

The system software is a collection of programs designed to operate, control, and


extend the processing capabilities of the computer itself. System software is generally
prepared by the computer manufacturers. These software products comprise of programs
written in low-level languages. System software serves as the interface between the hardware
and the end users.
Some examples of system software are Operating System, Compilers, Interpreter,
Assemblers, etc.

Types of system software:

• Operating System:
Operating system is a type of system software kernel that lies between the computer hardware
and the end user. It is the main program of a computer system. When the computer system
ON it is the first software that loads into the computer’s memory. Basically, it manages all the
resources such as memory, CPU, printer, hard disk, etc., and provides an interface to the
user, which helps the user to interact with the computer system. It also provides various
services to other computer software. Examples of operating systems are Linux, Apple macOS,
Microsoft Windows, etc.
• Utilities: System Software

utilities are types of system software that lie between system and application software.
These programs are intended to be diagnostic and maintenance tasks for computers. Their
functions vary from critical data protection to disk drive defragmentation.

Examples and features of utility software include:

1. Antivirus and security software to protect files and applications, such as Malwarebytes,
Microsoft Security Essentials and AVG.

Features of a system software −

• Close to the system


• Fast in speed
• Difficult to design
• Difficult to understand
• Less interactive
• Smaller in size
• Difficult to manipulate
• Generally written in low-level language

2. Application Software

Application software products are designed to satisfy a particular need of a particular


environment. All software applications prepared in the computer lab can come under the
category of Application software.
Application software may consist of a single program, such as Microsoft's notepad for writing and
editing a simple text. It may also consist of a collection of programs, often called a software
package, which work together to accomplish a task, such as a spreadsheet package.
Examples of Application software are the following −

• Payroll Software
• Student Record Software
• Income Tax Software
• Railways Reservation Software
• Microsoft Office Suite Software
Application software and its types:

• Word Processing Software


Word processing software is used to format, beautify, and manipulate text. It allows
features such as synonyms and antonyms. You can change the fonts, colors, and style
according to your choice with the word art feature. Error checking as well as grammar and spell
checking options are also available in it. Microsoft Word is the best example of a word
processing software.

• Spreadsheet Software
Spreadsheet software is majorly used to store data in table format and perform
calculations. Intersecting cells are given in a spreadsheet to keep various data fields such as
time, date, text, and numbers. Users can perform calculations with formulas and functions. The
best example of spreadsheet software is Microsoft Excel.

• Presentation Software
Presentation Software lets you put forth your thoughts and ideas in a piece of visual
information. Then, you can present that information in the form of slides. You can make your
slides interactive and informative by adding videos, texts, charts, graphs, and images. The best
example of presentation software is Microsoft PowerPoint.

• Graphics Software
Graphics Software is used to make changes in visual data, images, and animation. It
comprises different editorial software. Adobe Photoshop, Unity 3d, and PaintShop are
examples of graphics software.

• DBMS S/w:
o Database management system is a software which is used to manage the database. For
example: MySQL, Oracle, etc are a very popular commercial database which is used in
different applications.
o DBMS provides an interface to perform various operations like database creation, storing data
in it, updating data, creating a table in the database.
o It provides protection and security to the database. In the case of multiple users, it also
maintains data consistency.

Features of application software −

• Close to the user


• Easy to design
• More interactive
• Slow in speed
• Generally written in high-level language
• Easy to understand
• Easy to manipulate and use
• Bigger in size and requires large storage space
Computer languages:

To communicate with the computers, we need some languages. These are computer languages.

Machine Language (low level language)

Low-Level language is the only language which can be understood by the computer.
Low-level language is also known as Machine Language. The machine language contains
only two symbols 1 & 0. All the instructions of machine language are written in the form of
binary numbers 1's & 0's. A computer can directly understand the machine language.

Advantage
• Can be executed very fast
Limitations
• Machine Dependent
• Difficult to program
• Error prone
• Difficult to modify

Assembly Language (middle level language)

Middle-level language is a computer language in which the instructions are created


using symbols such as letters, digits and special characters. Assembly language is an
example of middle-level language. In assembly language, we use predefined words called
mnemonics. the computer cannot understand middle-level language, so it needs to be
translated into a low-level language to make it understandable by the computer.

Assembler is used to translate middle-level language into low-level language.

Advantages of Assembly Language


Over Machine Language

• Easier to understand and use


• Easier to locate and correct errors
• Easier to modify
• No worry about addresses
• Easily relocatable
• Efficiency of machine language
Limitations of Assembly Language
• Machine dependent
• Knowledge of hardware required

• Machine level coding

High Level Language

High-level language is a computer language which can be understood by the users.


The high-level language is very similar to human languages and has a set of grammar rules
that are used to make instructions more easily. Every high-level language has a set of
predefined words known as Keywords and a set of rules known as Syntax to create
instructions.

We use Compiler or interpreter to convert high-level language to low-level language.

FORTRAN,C, C++, JAVA, Python, etc., are examples of high-level languages.

Advantages of High--Level Languages


• Machine independent
• Easier to learn and use
• Fewer errors during program development
• Lower program preparation cost
• Better documentation

• Easier to maintain

Limitations off High--Level Languages


• Lower execution efficiency
• Less flexibility to control the computer’s CPU, memory and registers

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