Computer Languages

By: Syed M Hamedoon

Assistant Professor
 What is Coding ?
• Coding lets people communicate with computers to
accomplish desired tasks. Computers do not
understand human language, so people use
programming languages to translate directions into
binary code that computer devices can follow as apps,
websites, and software programs.
• Coding plays a crucial role in our increasingly digital
world. Many aspects of modern life rely on coding.
Computers, smartphones, and tablets require effective
coding to function properly, along with everyday items
like traffic lights, social media platforms, and air
conditioning systems.
 Types of computer languages
• 1) High level
• 2) Low level
 High Level Language
• Computer languages have a huge importance
in the digital world.
• If you want to create anything such as an
application, website, software, or game you
need to write it using a coding language,
which is most probably a high-level language
because they are easier to use and understand
by humans
 Low Level language
• They provide little or no abstraction from
the machine instructions and that’s why they
allow programmers to manipulate hardware
elements like register, memory etc. Low-level
languages are often used for designing
systems, such as developing operating
systems, device drivers, and embedded
systems.
Difference between high and low level
languages
• Both High level language and low level
language are the programming language’s
types.
• The main difference between high level
language and low level language is that,
Programmers can easily understand or
interpret or compile the high level language in
comparison of machine.
• Low level language is high memory efficient.
 Types of Low-Level Languages

• Machine Language
• Assembly Language
 Machine Language

• We know that machines follow the language

of binary system, means 0 and 1. Machine
language is low level language which consists
of binary codes which are directly operated
by CPU Central Processing Unit.
• There every instruction are written in form of
0 and 1, so its very challenging for humans to
understand and use as primary language.
 Assembly Language
• Assembly language is a way of writing computer programs
that are very close to how the computer works. It have
some symbols and codes that represent the basic
operations that the computer can perform, which includes
adding, moving, or comparing numbers.
• Because every computer use different architecture for
processing so computer have there own instructions so we
can say every computer have there own assembly
language.
• It is way higher level language then machine language so its
more faster and but still its hard to write and read. To run a
program written using assembly language we need to
convert it to machine language which is binary . This
conversion is done by a program called an assembler.
 Use of Low Level languages
• Operating System Development:
• Embedded Systems:
• Device Drivers:
• Real-time Systems:
 Programming languages
• Programming languages form the backbone of
software development, serving as the means
by which humans communicate instructions to
computers
 Importance of Programming
Languages
• Facilitating Communication with Computers:
• Enabling Software Development:
• Enhancing Problem-Solving:
• Empowering Global Connectivity:
 1. C

• What Is C? This general-purpose coding

language allows developers to create
operating systems, apps, databases, and
programs.
• C requires an underlying knowledge of
computer system functionality, making it more
challenging to learn than other coding
languages
 2: C++
• commonly considered a challenging coding
language to learn, is a popular and flexible
tool for developing video games, databases,
and software. Developers created C++ as a
simplified version of C.
 Uses of C++

• Game Development: C++ is the cornerstone of game

development, offering high performance and
efficiency.
• System Software: It is used to develop system-level
software, including operating systems and embedded
systems.
• Performance-Critical Applications: C++ is chosen for
applications where performance is critical, such as real-
time systems.
• Graphics Programming: C++ is employed in graphics
and multimedia applications due to its speed and
flexibility.
 3: HTML
• What Is HTML?
• Developed in 1993, HyperText Markup
Language lets people create and edit the
structures of web pages. HTML's text-based
structure makes it easy for beginners.
• HTML is the most popular language on the
Internet. Web developers use this language to
create apps and websites. Other uses include
game development, video and image embedding,
and Internet navigation.
 4. Java

• General-Purpose Versatility
Java stands as a powerhouse in the programming
world, known for its general-purpose versatility.
With its “write once, run anywhere” philosophy,
Java finds applications in diverse domains.
It is extensively used in web development,
providing a secure and scalable environment.
Moreover, Java is the primary language for Android
app development, making it integral to the mobile
application landscape.
 Uses of Java

• Web Development: Java is widely used for

building secure and scalable web applications.
• Android App Development: It serves as the
primary language for creating Android mobile
applications.
• Enterprise Applications: Java powers large-
scale enterprise-level software systems.
• Cloud-Based Services: Java facilitates the
development of robust cloud-based solutions.
 5. Python:

• Simplicity and Readability

• Renowned for its simplicity and readability, Python has

become a go-to language for developers. Its clean
syntax facilitates ease of learning and application.
• Python excels in data science and artificial intelligence,
offering extensive libraries and frameworks.
Additionally, the Django framework makes Python a
popular choice for web development, ensuring rapid
and efficient project completion.
 Uses of Python

• Data Science: Python is crucial for data analysis,

machine learning, and statistical modeling.
• Web Development (Django): The Django
framework makes Python suitable for rapid web
application development.
• Artificial Intelligence: Python is a preferred
language for AI and deep learning projects.
• Automation and Scripting: Python simplifies
tasks through automation and scripting.
 6. R

• Statistical Computing and Data Analysis

R specializes in statistical computing and data

analysis, making it indispensable in research
settings.
With a plethora of libraries and tools, R facilitates
in-depth exploration and interpretation of data. It is
the language of choice for statisticians and data
scientists, contributing significantly to
advancements in data-driven decision-making.
 Uses of R

• Statistical Analysis: R is a statistical computing

language widely used for data analysis and
interpretation.
• Research and Academia: It is a go-to language for
statistical research and academic studies.
• Data Visualization: R excels in creating visual
representations of complex data sets.
• Bioinformatics: R is applied in bioinformatics for
analyzing biological data and conducting genomic
research.
 7. SQL:

• Database Management Language

• Structured Query Language (SQL) is the
backbone of database management.
• It provides a standardized way to interact with
relational databases, making it essential for
software development.
• SQL enables efficient data handling, ensuring
the integrity and accessibility of data in
various applications.
 Uses of SQL

• Database Management: SQL is the standard

language for managing and querying relational
databases.
• Data Retrieval: It is used to retrieve and
manipulate data stored in databases efficiently.
• Data Modification: SQL facilitates the
modification and updating of data in databases.
• Data Security: SQL ensures secure access and
management of sensitive data within databases.