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Lecture 1

The document outlines the course structure for 'Electronics I' (Course Code 212) taught by Assoc. Professors Ali Elmoghazy and Hussam Elbehiery during Fall 2020, detailing course contents, assessment criteria, and attendance policies. Key topics include electric circuits, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers, with a focus on fundamental concepts such as electric resistance, current, and voltage. The course emphasizes practical lab work and theoretical understanding, with specific grading metrics for semester work and final exams.

Uploaded by

Bahaa Youssef
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Lecture 1

The document outlines the course structure for 'Electronics I' (Course Code 212) taught by Assoc. Professors Ali Elmoghazy and Hussam Elbehiery during Fall 2020, detailing course contents, assessment criteria, and attendance policies. Key topics include electric circuits, diodes, transistors, and operational amplifiers, with a focus on fundamental concepts such as electric resistance, current, and voltage. The course emphasizes practical lab work and theoretical understanding, with specific grading metrics for semester work and final exams.

Uploaded by

Bahaa Youssef
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electronics I

Course Code 212

Ass. Prof. Ali Elmoghazy


Assoc. Prof. Hussam Elbehiery

Course Overview

Fall 2020
4
5
6
Course Contents

Cr 3
Lectures:3 hours
Practical:2 hours
Course Assessment
➢Practical (Lab.) 30 marks
(Attendance, Participation and Final lab exam)

➢Semester Work 60 marks


(Quizzes, Attendance, Assignments and Participation)

➢Final Exam 60 marks

➢ Exceeding 25% of Attendance in lab = Deprived Student from final exam.


References
1st Reference
2nd Reference
Electronics I
Course Code 212

Introduction to Electronics Fundamentals

Lecture 1

Fall 2020
Course Contents
• Basics of Electric Circuits
• Diodes and Transistors
• Operational Amplifier
• Display devices

12
Electronics I
Course Code 212

Introduction to Electronics Fundamentals

Lecture 1

Fall 2020
• By the end of this lecture, the students will
be able to:
✓ Know what is the Elements of an Atom?

✓ Know what are the Types of Materials.

✓ Electric Resistance definition

✓ Electric Current definition.

✓ Electric Voltage definition.

✓ Know what is the Relationships between units.

✓ Power Calculations 14
Elements of an Atom

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• Molecules which are made up of a combination of atoms.

• Atoms have a nucleus with electrons orbiting around it.

• The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons.

• Most atoms have an equal number of electrons and protons.


Electrons have a negative charge (-). Protons have a positive
charge (+). Neutrons are neutral.

• The negative charge of the electrons is balanced by the


positive charge of the protons.

• Electrons are bound in their orbit by the attraction of the


protons. These are referred to as bound electrons.
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Free Electrons

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Free Electrons
Types of materials
• Conductors
• Insulators
• Semiconductors

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Types of Materials
Conductors
• An electric current is produced when free
electrons move from one atom to the next.
• Copper, silver, aluminum, zinc, , and iron
are considered good conductors.

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Insulators
• Materials that allow few free electrons are
called insulators.
• Materials such as plastic, rubber, glass, ,
and ceramic are good insulators.

Electric cable construction 21


Semiconductors
• Semiconductor materials, such as silicon, can be used
to manufacture devices that have characteristics of
both conductors and insulators.
• Many semiconductor devices will act like a conductor
when an external force is applied in one direction.
• When the external force is applied in the opposite
direction, the semiconductor device will act like an
insulator.
• This principle is the basis for transistors, diodes, and
other solid-state electronic device.

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Resistance(Ohm Ώ)

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Electric Current
• Electricity is the flow of free electrons in a
conductor from one atom to the next atom
in the same general direction.
• This flow of electrons is referred to as
current and is designated by the symbol
“I”.
• Current is determined by the number of
electrons that pass through a cross-
section of a conductor in one second.
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• Current is measured in amperes which are
abbreviated “amps”. The symbol for amps
is the letter “A”.
• A current of one ampere means that in
one second about 6.24 x 1018 electrons
move through a cross-section of
conductor.

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Why 1A corresponds to
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6.24x10 electrons?

I=Q/t, t=1 sec Q=1 col

Number of Electrons=1/1.603x10-19 = 6.24x1018


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Prefix Symbol Decimal
1 kiloampere 1 kA 1000 A
1 milliampere 1 mA 1/1000 A
1 microampere 1 µA 1/1,000,000 A

Direction of current flow


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Electric Voltage
• Electricity can be compared with water
flowing through a pipe.
• A force is required to get water to flow
through a pipe.
• This force comes from either a water
pump or gravity.
• Voltage is the force that is applied to a
conductor that causes electric current to
flow.
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• The force required to make electricity flow
through a conductor is called a difference
in potential, electromotive force (emf), or
more simply referred to as voltage.

• Voltage is designated by the letter “V”.

• The unit of measurement for voltage is


volts which is designated by the letter “V”.

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Prefix Symbol Decimal
1 kilovolt 1 kV 1000 V
1 millivolt 1 mV 1/1000 V
1 microvolt 1 µV 1/1,000,000 V

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Relationships between units
• The electrical units of volts, amps and
ohms are related, and the relationship is
commonly known as Ohm’s law.

• Voltage measured across a given resistor


(in volts) is equal to the value of the
resistance (in ohms) multiplied by the
amount of current flowing (in amperes).
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Ohm’s law

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Electric Power

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• The amount of power dissipated can be
calculated from any two of the quantities V
(in volts), I (in amps) and R (in ohms), as
follows:

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Example
• 1V battery is applied to 1kΏ resistance
,Calculate the power dissipated in the
resistance using the three forms.

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Solution: Circuit Diagram

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Solution

• I=V/R =1/103=10-3 A =1mA

• P=VxI =1x10-3W=1mW

• P=V2/R =(1)2/1x103=10-3W=1mW

• P=I2xR =(10-3)2 x103=10-6x103=10-3W=1mW

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Thank you
Assoc. Prof. Hussam Elbehiery

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