Basics

1) e =
1 . 602X10- C = 1 .
8 x10 her

Anode
2) say origin
:
conization of gas (natuer of gas
Cathode I is
fundamental particle
:

say origin

3) For cathode
ray
:

harge
- 1 78x10 °
= +

g
.

↓ Y

mase # e = 9 58x10
.

<g ;It =T
Mp

4) charge density =

change
area

5) attraction :
Ep + Ext
repulsion :
EpP Ext
 10
6) Size/diameter/radius of atom =

size/
.
nucleus
chincter/radius of
: Volume
of atom = 10"X volume ofnucleus
 Rutherford Formulae

1) No.
of Particles deflected
&
ein"10/2)
2

2) No
Particles
of deflected C
atomic no
of metal

3) distance
of closest
approach :

9 X 109 in SI

X particle
charge of
↓ mu
kq , ge
charge of nucleus
Ep

distance closest
of
approach
 Important terms

atomic diff
1) Isotopes : Same no. .
mass no

atomic
2) Isobass : same mass no .

Cliff no

neutrons
3) Isatones :
diff .
elements sans

electrons
2) Isoclectronic species :
Stone/ions with same

Molecules atoms and

5) Foster :
with same no .

of
electrons
.
come no
of
elements with
6) bodapher : atoms of diff -

same
difference in no
of n and no .

of P
 Waves

Chitan : cosmic

Groven
:

·
gamma

X-ray center :
X-ray increasing
used : WV decreasing X

Vishal :
Visible VorFor
2
in :

infrared
Medical :
micro

racl
: radio
V
~
 i
1) Wavelength
=

A
2) Amplitude
=

X
3) Velocity of wave (c) =
c = 2

4) Time Period =
T

3) # (unit Mz)
=

Frequency (2)
= W =

(5) I
6) 1,
=
wave no
=

7) Intensity (unit = candela (d)

Planck’s Quantum Theory
(only applicable to
light)
1) h =
6 .
6262x10-34Ts
Total
of photons
E
2) .
no
=

E
I quantum/photon
of

3) E =
kr =
bc = h(5
↑

4) Ein eV =
12400 X 10-10
& in m

5) E in
KTmol = 12700 x 10-10 x 96 .
48

& in m

leV
# = 96 .

48 kJ/mol
1
joule
=
6 .
242x10'8ev

1 ev = 1 .
602x10-1 tools
6) Photoelectric effect
:

↓ r
= ↓W .
+KEofe -

for guantum for e-

metal
for

7) Radius
of atom =
RoA'3
> atomic no .

of
1 33 x10- s
.
element

8) r
of photon &KE
of e-

9) I Photon ejects/ ,
100 will
eject 100 e

10) FE
ope
-

-mr =

qXY
~
Potential
harge difference
Black Body Radiations
 Spectrum
# Two
types : mission obsorption
W Y -
continuous discontinuous discontinuous
-

mono-electronic
only
1) Rydberg's formulae : -

species
atomic
no < Higher E
> level
I
R22
-
i
= -

X u
/

↓ s lower E

wavelength xiom/all level

of quarter
+ ↓

Rydbegs constant =

R
-

~ = 3 .
29x10e +
2 +
2
-

I
2
n
n2
if
,
- niche
use

↑
se
upar gya (eg : 1 to
2)
E = -
2 . 18x1081 - 12
2

n2n ,
 # n-1 = excited state

and
partial

I st line =
O

,
2nd 1
B
=

zad , =

yth , = S
2) Calculation of total
spectral lines :

(n
-

n,
 Bohr Formulae
HRS
-

planck's constant
1 -
XE =
Mr = Ac speed of light
X-wavelength
-

atomicno ,

2- E
of e-in a

shell--X shell no

constant

3 F 13 6 (er)
-

=
.
6 Calculation
of total
spectral lines :

(n
-

n,

7
Ryberg's constant :

restmas
R =
mee
me
=

of e

82
i unit 09X10 cm" 911 !
= 1 or
SI unit
.

8 Bohr's
formulae : PE
TE
=

=
-IKE
-

KE
PE = 2 TE
 9 Conisation
energy
IE =

Ed-Eground state
I

↓
..
EE
kXZ
- - =

10
Separation energy
:

SE =
Eo-Eexcited state
~

SE
kXZ
: =

III Radius ofofBor orbit

:

En
=
20Xn
constant
2
 12
Velocity of electron in nth orbit

Un
Vox
=

I
constant

13 Time taken
circular by to one
complete

T= 152 .

39x1082Xn

17
Frequency no of
circular orbits key
is
-

2 =
6 ,
56x10X"
n3
is]Sx of offe
:

101 = 12 25
J
. i

voltage

16 no .

of waves in a
particular orbit :

no .

of waves =
m

17 E =

Ehigher
-

Flower
-
E = k 1 -
1
i
2
n
,

18) mur = nh

2π
 CONSTANTS
(BOHR's MoDEL)

6 eV atom
-
1- k =
13 .

"8
. 18 X 10
2 Jatom-
1312 K J mol
+

(1 T)
+ "
eV =
1 .
602 x 10

2- R
Rydberg's constant
=

=
10967/1 . 09X103 ant
= 9 .
11 X 100
am/9 11x108m/9111
.

3 -

ro
=
52 .

9 pm = S2 . 9X10- m

= 0 .
5291 =
5 . 29X10 m
4 -

Vo =
2 . 18 X 108 cm st

"me
t
=
2 . 18 X 10

I
C

137

5- constant in time
period formula :

T =
152 . 39 X108s X
m

6- constant in
frequency formula :

w
=
1 = 6 .
56x10'z2
T m3
 Matter Formulae

1) de
Broglie :

26
==
z =
12 .

v
2mqV
~

Potential diff

2) Heisenberg's uncertainty Principle :

52x1037e
yu =
x. 0
P -
= = .

crity
 Quantum Number

Basics

n - shell (min =
1
l- subshell (min. .
=
Ojmax .
= n -
1)

I
m - orbital follow : s > - o

P T 1 0
-
-

d >
-

-
29 -
1 0g/g2
,

f -
3g 25 /0
+

, (2)

S
spinofe (t - t)
<
-

1) mos .
Orbitals in a
shell : w
2

2) 1" 11
11 es :
2n2

3) orbitals subshell : 21 +

4) "es 1 I x :
2(2e + 1)
Shape of orbitals and nodes

1) total nodes
: n-1

node I
2) node/angular
:

2D

n-1-1
3) 3 Drode radical" :

Listen
2 : mode ; <py :; 22 :
· 2 Drodea

day : diy
>
3

siz dz
niclnod
3dz :

·
 Electronic Configuration

1) Aufbau : Low E to high Evale shells m

%:( 4s
3d4p ; ss4dspet)
orbitals .
subshell
degeneracy
in
# of
a
: no

2) thud :
0001000X
↓

Spirit + + +1 =
=
2xz +
1 =
4
1

spir multiplicity : 2 S +1

3) do ke
Pauli :
alag e's max. 3
quantum no ~

same skte
he h

# Ca e C .
:
(Ar]1e'3dS :· first digit of M ( 0) .

[A2] Ye'id of up
=
no.
Coe . C :

stable
:
half and fully filled shells ase
very
 B M
Magnetic moment (5 0) :

n(n + 2)
· .
.

orbital angular momentum : t

&(1 + 1)
·

2π

# I digit of magnetic moment =

no
of upe

# mvr =
it
It
Schrödinger Equation

↑ =
wave
function
T =
e-density
one
Graphs : I starts from above in Pad I

↑
e
3
por Y d

h e
↑ dV = Th (Yitz2)de =
radial probability
distribution
function
Hi and

M ..

Mar
or Ud
22 3p
,

M
trade
 Equation

1) as schoo .

eq . Mezething
to take To
find vofnade
s

l 2 D made
2) Power of = =
x= e

beaket
3) highest of eq left 3 Drodes
=

in
power .

= n - l -

Sino cost
4) for porbitals
: -x =
e
p
> sino sin &
py y
=
-

p2 +z = e as I
 Haan ye toh h

tob Lai
Haan yeh