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Structuring with Indentation

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Tutorial A block is a group of statements in a program or script. Usually it consists of at least one statement and of declarations for the block, depending on the programming or
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scripting language. A language, which allows grouping with blocks, is called a block structured language. Generally, blocks can contain blocks as well, so we get a nested
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block structure. A block in a script or program functions as a mean to group statements to be treated as if they were one statement. In many cases, it also serves as a
Python way to limit the lexical scope of variables and functions.
Starting with
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Initially, in simple languages like Basic and Fortran, there was no way of explicitly using block structures. Programmers had to rely on "go to" structures, nowadays
Interactive Shell frowned upon, because "Go to programs" turn easily into spaghetti code, i.e. tangled and inscrutable control structures.
Executing a Go
Script The first time, block structures had been formalized was in ALGOL, called a compound statement.
Indentation This topic in German
Programming languages usually use certain methods to group statements into blocks: / Deutsche
Data Types and
Übersetzung:
Variables begin ... end Strukturierung und
Operators ALGOL, Pascal and others Blöcke
Sequential Data An code snippet in Pascal to show this usage of blocks:
Types: Lists and Python 3
with ptoNode^ do
Strings begin
List x := 42; This is a tutorial in
Manipulations y := 'X'; Python3, but this
end;
Shallow and chapter of our course
Deep Copy is available in a
do ... done
Dictionaries version for Python
e.g. Bourne and Bash shell
Sets and Frozen 2.x as well:
Braces (also called curly brackets): { ... }
Structuring with
Sets By far the most common approach, used by C, C++, Perl, Java, and many other programming languages are braces.
Indentation in Python
An Extensive The following examples shows a conditional statement in C:
2.x
Example Using
if (x==42) {
Sets printf("The Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything\n"); Classroom
input via the } else { Training
keyboard printf("Just a number!\n");
}
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Conditional
Statements The goal of this
The indentations in this code fragment are not necessary. So the code could be written - offending common decency - as
Loops, while website is to provide
Loop if (x==42) {printf("The Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything\n");} else {printf("Just a number!\n");} educational material,
For Loops allowing you to learn
Please, keep this in mind to understand the advantages of Python! Python on your own.
Difference
if ... fi Nevertheless, it is
between
e.g. Bourne and Bash shell faster and more
interators und
efficient to attend a
Iterables
"real" Python course
Output with Print in a classroom, with
Formatted output Indenting Code an experienced
with string trainer. So why not
modulo and the Python uses a different principle. Python programs get structured through indentation, i.e. code blocks are defined by their indentation. Okay that's what we attend one of the live
format method expect from any program code, isn't it? Yes, but in the case of Python it's a language requirement not a matter of style. This principle makes it easier to read and Python courses in
Functions understand other people's Python code. Strasbourg, Paris,
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Recursion and
So, how does it work? All statements with the same distance to the right belong to the same block of code, i.e. the statements within a block line up vertically. Amsterdam, Zürich /
Recursive
The block ends at a line less indented or the end of the file. If a block has to be more deeply nested, it is simply indented further to the right. Zurich, Vienna /
Functions Wien, London, Berlin,
Parameter Beginners are not supposed to understand the following example, because we haven't introduced most of the used structures, like conditional statements and Munich, Hamburg,
Passing in loops. Please confer the following chapters about loops and conditional statements for explanations. Frankfurt, or Lake
Functions The program implements an algorithm to calculate Pythagorean triples. You will find an explanation of the Pythagorean numbers in our chapter on for loops. Constance by Bernd
Namespaces Klein, the author of
from math import sqrt this tutorial?
Global and Local n = input("Maximum Number? ")
Variables n = int(n)+1
Decorators for a in range(1,n):
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c = int(sqrt(c_square))
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There is another aspect of structuring in Python, which we haven't mentioned so far, which you can see in the example. Loops and Conditional statements end with a colon ":" - the same is true for functions and
and Modules done it many times in
other structures introducing blocks. So, we should have said Python structures by colons and indentation.
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