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Introduction to Computer Hardware

The document provides an introduction to computer hardware, detailing major components of a PC including the motherboard, processor, memory, storage, and peripherals. It explains the significance of the motherboard as the central communication hub and outlines various motherboard form factors such as ATX and Micro-ATX. Additionally, it includes a lab section for identifying key motherboard components.

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debmuoki
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Introduction to Computer Hardware

The document provides an introduction to computer hardware, detailing major components of a PC including the motherboard, processor, memory, storage, and peripherals. It explains the significance of the motherboard as the central communication hub and outlines various motherboard form factors such as ATX and Micro-ATX. Additionally, it includes a lab section for identifying key motherboard components.

Uploaded by

debmuoki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER HARDWARE

Computer Hardware is the visible part of a computer PC system, the following are the major

components of a PC;

1. Motherboard

2. Processor

3. Primary Memory (RAM & ROM)

4. Secondary storage (Hard disk, SSD, CDROM & DVDROM)

5. Expansion cards (Video Graphics card, sound card, Network interface card etc.)

6. Casing

7. CPU cooling system

8. Power supply

9. Cabling (SCSI, SATA & IDE)

Peripherals includes the following;

1. Monitor (CRT and TFT)

2. Keyboard

3. Mouse

4. Printers

5. Scanners

6. Biometric devices

7. Webcam

8. Speakers

LAB 1: Identification of PC visible components


MOTHERBOARD

A motherboard is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in a computer. The motherboard is a

computer's central communications backbone connectivity point, through which all components

and external peripherals connect.

Motherboards can be found in virtually all computers and portable devices.

MOTHERBOARD FORM FACTORS

Motherboard form factors refer to the physical dimensions, layout, and mounting points of a

motherboard. The form factor determines the size of the board, the location of mounting holes, the

arrangement of components, and the types of cases that are compatible.

The motherboards for desktop computers are always different from the motherboards for

laptops and portables

The following are the common form factors:

1. AT (Advanced Technology)

This was a standard motherboard form factor introduced by IBM in the 1980s but

currently its obsolete.

2. ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

Size: 305 mm x 244 mm (12 in x 9.6 in) This is the most common form factor for

desktops, ATX boards typically offer numerous expansion slots, multiple PCIe slots, and

various storage. This motherboard is installed in Tower casings

3. Micro-ATX (mATX)

Size: 244 mm x 244 mm (9.6 in x 9.6 in)


Smaller than ATX but still supports many of the same features. It usually has fewer PCIe

slots, but still offers decent expansion and connectivity. This motherboard is installed in a

Micro Towers casing.

4. LPX (Low Profile Extended) Suitable for slim desktops suitable for limited space

MOTHEERBOARD LAYOUT
LAB 2: Identification of the main motherboard components.

Identify the following motherboard components;

1. Processor slot

2. Motherboard Chipsets

3. Memory DIMM slots

4. SATA slots

5. SSD slot
6. Expansion slots

7. ROM BIOS

8. CMOS Battery

9. I/O chips

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