Lesson 1.

1
Name Reteach

Divide Multi-Digit Numbers

When you divide multi-digit whole numbers, you can estimate to
check if the quotient is reasonable.

Divide 399 4 42.

Step 1 Estimate, using compatible numbers.

400 and 40 are compatible numbers because 400 4 40 5 10

400 can be shared among 40 groups evenly.

Step 2 Divide the original numbers. 9 r21

42qw
399
2378
21

Step 3 You can write the remainder as a fraction. Use the 21 4 21 5 1

_______ _
remainder for the numerator, and the divisor for the 42 4 21 2
denominator. Simplify if possible.
399 4 42 5 91 _
2
Step 4 Compare the quotient with your estimate. 1
Since 9_ is close to 10, the
2
quotient is reasonable.

Estimate. Then find the quotient. Write the remainder, if any,

with an r.

1. 17qw
965 2. 29qw
4,380 3. 62qw
1,178

Estimate. Then find the quotient. Write the remainder, if any,

as a fraction.

4. 836 4 32 5. 1,392 4 18 6. 2,518 4 48

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 Lesson 1.1
Name Enrich

Division Bugs
Scientists have discovered a new insect! Use the features of the
new insect that are listed below to solve the problem. Write a
division number sentence for each.

The insect has:

• 6 wings
• 15 legs
• 32 eyes
• 116 scales
• 213 hairs

1. A scientist found a colony of the new 2. Dr. Wilburn is studying a group of

insects. If she counted 165 legs, how insects. There are 2,784 scales in the
many insects are in the colony? group. How many insects are in
Dr. Wilburn’s group?

3. In a group of insects, there are 4. Name the new insect and give it another
264 wings. How many insects are there? feature (such as number of antennae).
Write a division sentence using the
insect’s new feature.

5. Stretch Your Thinking Carla sees a 6. Explain how knowing

group of insects. She counts 190 eyes. Is simple multiplication facts can help you
this possible? Explain. with division with greater numbers.

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 Lesson 1.2
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Prime Factorization
A number written as the product of prime numbers is called the prime
factorization of that number. To break a number down into its prime
factors, divide it by prime numbers. The first eight prime numbers are
listed below.

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19

You can use a factor tree to find the prime You can use a ladder diagram to find the
factorization of a number. prime factorization of a number.

Divide the number by the least 165 ends in 5, so it is divisible

prime factor possible. Try 2, 3, by 5. Divide 165 by 5.
165 5, and so on.
5 165 Write the quotient below 165.
3 55 Break 55 down because it is 3 33
not a prime number. The sum of the digits in
5 11 11 11 33 is divisible by 3, so divide
The numbers at the bottom of 1 33 by 3.
the branches are all prime.
11 is prime. Divide 11 by itself.

The bottom number is 1 and

all the numbers to the left are
prime.

Write the number as a product of prime factors. The factors should be

in order from least to greatest.

So, the prime factorization of 165 is 3 3 5 3 11.

Find the prime factorization of the number.

1. 21 2. 130 3. 84

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 Lesson 1.2
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Symmetric Factor Trees

Both factor trees below show the prime factorization of 40.
The factor tree on the right is symmetric because both branches
have the same shape.

Not Symmetric Symmetric

40 40

8 5 4 10

4 2 2 2 2 5

2 2

Create a symmetric factor tree for each number.

1. 90 2. 16

3. Stretch Your Thinking Create a 4. Can you make a

symmetric factor tree for a number that symmetric factor tree for every
has more than two prime factors and is composite number? Explain.
greater than 100.

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 Lesson 1.3
Name Reteach

Least Common Multiple

The least common multiple, or LCM, is the least number that two
or more numbers have in common in their list of nonzero multiples.

Find the LCM of 3 and 9.

List the first ten nonzero multiples of each number:

Multiples of 3: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30
Multiples of 9: 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54, 63, 72, 81, 90
The first three nonzero multiples that 3 and 9 have in common are 9, 18, and 27.
So, the LCM of 3 and 9 is 9.

Find the LCM.

1. 4, 10 2. 6, 8
List the first ten multiples for each List the first ten multiples for each
number. number.
Multiples of 4: 4, 8, , 16, , 24, Multiples of 6:
, , 36,
Multiples of 10: 10, , 30, , 50, Multiples of 8:

, 70, , , 100
List the numbers that appear in both lists. List the numbers that appear in both lists.
Common multiples: and Common multiples:

The LCM of 4 and 10 is . The LCM of 6 and 8 is .

3. 5, 20 4. 6, 15 5. 12, 30

6. 7, 14 7. 10, 15 8. 6, 18

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 Lesson 1.3
Name Enrich

Mix and Match

In the table below, draw lines from each LCM in the first column to
two numbers in the second column that share the LCM. Once a
number in the right column is used, it cannot be used again.

Example:
LCM: 12 Numbers: 3 and 4

LCM Numbers

3
1. 12
4

2. 18 6

9
3. 42
14

60 15
4.
16
5. 72
18

20
6. 160
21
7. 176
22

24

32

40

8. Stretch Your Thinking Put together a new pair of numbers

from the table, whose LCM is not in the table. Write the numbers
and the LCM.

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 Lesson 1.4
Name Reteach

Greatest Common Factor

A common factor is a number that is a factor of two or more numbers.
The greatest common factor, or GCF, is the greatest factor that two
or more numbers have in common.

Find the common factors of 9 and 27. Then find the GCF.

Step 1 Step 2
List the factors of each number. Identify the common factors.
Factors of 9: 1, 3, 9 Common factors of 9 and 27:
Factors of 27: 1, 3, 9, 27 1, 3, 9

The greatest of the common factors is 9.

So, the GCF of 9 and 27 is 9.

You can use the GCF and the Distributive Property to express the sum
of two numbers as a product.

Write 9 1 27 as a product.

Step 1 Step 2
Write each number as the product of Write an expression multiplying the GCF
the GCF and another factor. and the sum of the two factors from Step 1.

95931 27 5 9 3 3 9 3 (1 1 3)

The product 9 3 (1 1 3) has the same value as 9 1 27.

So, 9 1 27 5 9 3 (1 1 3).

Find the GCF.

1. 18, 45 2. 33, 66 3. 72, 96 4. 50, 80

Use the GCF and the Distributive Property to express the sum as a product.
5. 18 1 24 6. 15 1 75 7. 36 1 54 8. 16 1 20

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 Lesson 1.4
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Greatest Common Factor Match

Match the set of numbers inside each large triangle with its greatest
common factor inside a small triangle.

1.

98

66
76 64

2.

84

2
108 60

3.

330

30
462 66

4.

570

12
390 1,380

5. Explain how you found the greatest common factor

for three numbers.

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 Lesson 1.5
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Problem Solving • Apply the

Greatest Common Factor
Use the Distributive Property and a diagram to solve.
Bethany is packing cookies for her drama club’s bake sale. She has 28 oatmeal cookies
and 36 peanut butter cookies to pack. Each bag will contain only one kind of cookie, and
every bag will have the same number of cookies. What is the greatest number of cookies
she can pack in each bag? How many bags of each kind will there be?
Read the Problem Solve the Problem
What do I need to find? Step 1 Find the GCF of 28 and 36. Use prime
factorization.
I need to find thegreatest number of
28 5 2 3 2 3 7 36 5 2 3 2 3 3 3 3
cookies for each bag and the number of 4
Multiply common prime factors: 2 3 2 5
bags for each kind of cookie . 4
GCF:
What information do I need
to use? Step 2 Write 28 as a product 28 5 4 3 7
oatmeal
I need to use the number of
of the GCF and another factor.

Write 36 as a product of the 36 5 4 3 9

cookies and the number of peanut GCF and another factor.
butter cookies .
Step 3 Use the Distributive 28 1 36 5
How will I use the information?
Property to write 28 1 36 4×( 7 1 9 )
First, I can find the GCF of 28 and as a product.
36 . Then I can draw a diagram showing
Step 4 Use the product to draw a diagram of the bags
the bags of cookies
of cookies. Write O for each oatmeal cookie and P for
.
each peanut butter cookie.

O O O O O O O P P P P P P P P P
O O O O O O O P P P P P P P P P
O O O O O O O P P P P P P P P P
O O O O O O O P P P P P P P P P

So, each bag will have 4 cookies. There will be 7 bags of

oatmeal cookies and 9 bags of peanut butter cookies.
1. Jacob is putting 18 nonfiction and 30 fiction books on bookshelves.
Each shelf will have only fiction or only nonfiction, and every shelf will
have the same number of books. What is the greatest number of books
for each shelf, and how many shelves will there be for each type of book?

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 Lesson 1.5
Name Enrich

Shelving Fun
The Mega-Super-Mart gets shipments of all kinds of products every day.
Unpack the shipping boxes and put the products in the bins. Make sure
to only put one kind of product in each bin and put the same number of
items in each bin. The bins should also hold the greatest number of items
possible.

1.

CONTENTS
CONTENTS
12 dress-up
9 baby dolls
dolls
(B)
(D)

2.

CONTENTS CONTENTS

18 juice 24 water
glasses glasses
(J) (W)

3.

CONTENTS CONTENTS

15 miniature 20 miniature
toy cars toy trucks
(C) (T)

4.

CONTENTS
CONTENTS
40 coloring
24 storybooks
books
(S)
(C)

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 Lesson 1.6
Name Reteach

Add and Subtract Decimals

Estimate 84.9 1 0.463. Then find the sum.

84.9 85 Round each number to the nearest whole number.

1
__ 0.463 1
_ 0 So, a good estimate is 85.

85
Now line up the decimal points. Then add.

Write zeros as
placeholders. Regroup. 1
84.9 84.900 84.900
1
__ 0.463 1
__0.463 1
__0.463
85.363
The answer is close to the estimate. So, the answer is reasonable.

Evaluate 45.2 2 (27.93 2 10.84) using the order of operations.

Perform the operations Subtract.

in parentheses.
27.93 45.20
2 10.84
__ 2
__17.09
17.09 28.11
So, 45.2 2 (27.93 2 10.84) is 28.11.

Estimate. Then find the sum or difference.

1. 62.38 2. 48.28 3. 81.04 4. 27.29
+ 26.92
__ 2 9.41
__
52 2 19.39
__
+__
16.44

___ ___ ___ ___

5. 743.5 2 462.87 6. 98.01 1 52.003 7. 74.9 2 16.227

______ ______ ______

Evaluate using the order of operations.

8. (235.152 1 77.12) 2 46.326 9. 11.024 2 (1.518 1 1.7)

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 Lesson 1.6
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Digit Logic
Each symbol stands for a different digit from 0–9. The dark dots
represent decimal points. Use the addition and subtraction
problems to discover which digit is represented by each symbol.

5 53 5 55 50

54 5 5 5 5

1 2

1. Stretch Your Thinking Create your own subtraction

problem with decimals using the symbols. Your
problem should include regrouping.

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 Lesson 1.7
Name Reteach

Multiply Decimals
When multiplying decimals, you can estimate to help you place
the decimal point in the product.

Estimate $32.05 3 7.4. Then find the product.

Step 1 Estimate. Round each factor to the nearest ten or the 32.05 30
nearest whole number. 3
_ 7.4 3 7
_
$32.05 is about $30, and 7.4 is close to 7. 210

So, the product should be close to $210.

Step 2 Multiply. 32.05

3
__7.4
12820
224350
237170

Step 3 Place the decimal point. Remember, the product is 237.17

estimated to be 210. Place the decimal point so that
the product is close in value to 210.

So, the product is $237.17.

Estimate. Then find the product.

1. 8.6 2. 12.8 3 2.21 3. $8.65 3 9.2
3 4.1
_

Evaluate using the order of operations.

4. 19.5 3 (21.04 2 18.7) 5. 11.7 1 (7.92 3 8.5)

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 Lesson 1.7
Name Enrich

Place the Decimal Point

Each answer shows the decimal point in the wrong place.
Estimate each product. Then make sure the decimal point is
put in the correct place.

1. 1.6 2. 4.6
3 0.9
_____ 3 3.2
_____
14.4 Estimate: __ 147.2 Estimate: __

Correct answer: __ Correct answer: __

3. 2.7 4. 9.6
3 18.1
______ 314.7
________
4.887 Estimate: __ 1,411.2 Estimate: __

Correct answer: __ Correct answer: __

5. 0.9 6. 0.75
3 57.9
_______ 3 4.22
______
5.211 Estimate: __ 316.5 Estimate: __

Correct answer: __ Correct answer: __

7. 34.5 8. 28.8
3 12.2
______ 3 15.5
______
42.09 Estimate: __ 4.464 Estimate: __

Correct answer: __ Correct answer: __

How can estimating the product help you place the

decimal point?

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 Lesson 1.8
Name Reteach

Divide Decimals by Whole Numbers

When you divide a decimal by a whole number, place the decimal point
in the quotient directly above the decimal point in the dividend.

Estimate 12qw
60.84 . Then find the quotient.

Step 1 Estimate the quotient, using compatible numbers.

60 and 12 are compatible numbers because

12 divides evenly into 60.
60 4 12 = 5

Step 2 Use long division to divide.

5.07 Place the decimal point in the quotient directly
12qw
60.84 above the decimal point in the dividend.
260
8 Since 8 tenths cannot be shared among
20
12 groups, write 0 as a placeholder in the
84 tenths place.
284
0

So, 60.84 412 5 5.07.

Estimate. Then find the quotient.

1. 16.48 4 8 2. 191.7 4 9 3. 4qw
21.64 4. 14qw
41.44 5. 21qw
49.14

6. 6qw
3.78 7. 92.8 4 16 8. 5qw
1.725 9. 11qw
135.3 10. 9qw
7.29

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 Lesson 1.8
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Decimal Match-Up
Draw lines to match each expression in the left column to
a value in the right column.

1. 169.12 4 14 39.7

2. 186.24 4 12 16.08

3. 158.8 4 4 147.156

4. 122.23 4 17 12.08

5. 385.92 4 24 24.03

6. (300 2 100.9) 4 10 3.94

7. (189.6 1 74.73) 4 11 15.52

8. 102.756 1 (710.4 4 16) 8.88

9. 122.14 4 31 7.19

10. 781.44 4 88 19.91

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 Lesson 1.9
Name Reteach

Divide with Decimals

When dividing a decimal by a decimal, rewrite the divisor
as a whole number. To keep the problem equivalent, move
the decimal point in the dividend the same direction and
the same number of places.

Rewrite the problem so that the divisor is a whole number.

300.7 4 1.24 300.7 is the dividend and 1.24 is the divisor.
Change the Divisor
Multiply 1.24 by 100 because 1.24 has two
1.24 3 100 5 124 decimal places.
Change the Dividend To keep the problem equivalent, multiply
300.7 3 100 5 30,070 the dividend by the same number, 100.

So, 300.7 4 1.24 is equivalent to 30,070 4 124.

Find the quotient.
0.55qw
24.2
Step 1 Step 2
Rewrite the problem so that the divisor is a Divide.
whole number.
44
Divisor Dividend 55qw
2420
2220
0.55 3 100 5 55 24.2 3 100 5 2,420 220
2220
0
So, 24.2 4 0.55 5 44.

Rewrite the problem so that the divisor is a whole number.

1. 8.9 4 0.62 2. 21.05 4 0.2 3. 512.3 4 2.71 4. 18.62 4 0.02

Find the quotient.

5. 8.75 4 0.7 6. 72.24 4 5.6 7. 0.21qw
1.3545 8. 2.17qw
18.228

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 Lesson 1.9
Name Enrich

Find the Decimal Point

Circle the correct answer without actually dividing.
6.9 19
1. 3.45 4 0.5 5 0.69 2. 1.52 4 0.08 5 1.9
0.069 0.19

6.0 100
3. 1.08 4 1.8 5 0.6 4. 2.3 4 0.23 5 10
0.06 0.1

9 100.2
5. 0.009 4 0.1 5 0.9 6. 2.004 4 0.02 5 10.2
0.09 1.2

51,000 4,008
7. 30.6 4 0.006 5 5,100 8. 2.004 4 0.0005 5 408
510 48

251.3 2
9. 50.26 4 2 5 25.13 10. 0.00006 4 0.3 5 0.002
2.513 0.0002

16,007 20
11. 64.028 4 0.4 5 1,600.7 12. 4.1 4 2.05 5 2
160.07 0.2

161,000 500,000
13. 480.3 4 0.03 5 160,100 14. 5 4 0.0001 5 50,000
16,010 5,000
15. How many places should you move the decimal point
in the dividend if the divisor is 0.000000009?

16. Stretch Your Thinking If the dividend is a whole number and the divisor is 3.68,
how do you move the decimal point for the dividend?

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