Important Definitions in Easy Vocabulary

Here are some important definitions based on the materials you provided:

Term Definition (Easy to Understand)

Syllabus A document that explains what a course will cover, including

topics, rules, and assessments.

Curriculum A big plan for what students should learn at school or

university over many years.

Program A group of related courses that together lead to a degree or

certificate.

Student Learning Statements that explain what students should be able to do

Outcomes (SLOs) after completing a course.

Assessment A way to check if students have learned what they were

supposed to.

Summative Assessment A test or project that gives a final grade, like a midterm or
final exam.

Formative Assessment Small tests or activities that help students improve without
giving a big grade.

Needs Analysis A process to find out what students need to learn in a course.

Situational Analysis Checking if a course fits well with the school, students, and
resources available.

Constructive Alignment Making sure learning goals, teaching activities, and

assessments all match well.

Summarizing Important Points in an Easy-to-Remember Table

Topic Key Points

Syllabus Types - Formal/Synthetic: Focuses on grammar and vocabulary.

- Task-Based: Focuses on real-world tasks.
- Process-Oriented: Flexible and student-centered.
- Lexical: Focuses on learning words and phrases.
Student Learning Outcomes - Describe what students should achieve.
(SLOs) - Use action verbs (e.g., explain, analyze, describe).
- Help teachers and students focus on important learning
goals.

Assessment Types - Summative: Big exams, final projects.

- Formative: Small quizzes, feedback activities.

Needs & Situational Analysis - Needs Analysis: Finds out what students need to learn.
- Situational Analysis: Checks if the course fits well with
the environment.

Constructive Alignment - Learning goals, activities, and assessments should all

match.

Short Revision Guide

1.​ Syllabus vs. Curriculum vs. Program

○​ A syllabus is for one course.
○​ A program is a group of courses.
○​ A curriculum is the big plan for education.
2.​ Types of Syllabi
○​ Formal = Grammar & vocabulary.
○​ Task-Based = Focus on activities.
○​ Lexical = Learn words & phrases.
3.​ Assessment
○​ Summative = Final exams.
○​ Formative = Small activities for practice.
4.​ Needs & Situational Analysis
○​ Needs Analysis = What students need.
○​ Situational Analysis = Can the course work well?
5.​ Constructive Alignment
○​ Make sure goals, teaching, and tests match.

AA Questions and Answers

1.​ What is the difference between a program and a course syllabus?

○​ A program is a collection of courses leading to a degree.
○​ A course syllabus is the plan for one course, explaining what students will
study.
2.​ Describe the main characteristics of a lexical syllabus.
○​ Focuses on teaching words, phrases, and how they are used in real life.
 3.​ Which two groups do SLOs guide?
○​ Students: They know what they need to learn.
○​ Teachers: They plan lessons and assessments to match SLOs.
4.​ Why is constructive alignment important?
○​ It ensures students, teaching methods, and assessments all work together to
meet learning goals.

Let me know if you need any additional details! 😊

4o

You said:
how many quetions in aa

ChatGPT said:

From the document "MT practice short answer and paragraph.pdf", there are four
short-answer questions related to AA (Assessment and Alignment) topics. These include:

1.​ What is the difference between a program and a course syllabus? How would a
program influence what is in the course content?
2.​ Describe the main characteristics of a lexical syllabus. How could you mix
elements of a lexical syllabus and a task-based syllabus?
3.​ Name three subjective needs of students. Of the three you mentioned, which one
do you feel is the most important and why?
4.​ Which 2 groups do SLOs guide? Give examples of how SLOs guide these two
groups.

Give one example of a subjective need in Needs Analysis and explain why it matters.

●​ Example: Confidence in speaking – If students are nervous, they won’t practice

speaking. Teachers should create a supportive environment to help them
participate.

Easy Way to Remember the 6 Steps

Try using this fun sentence to recall the order:

👉 Run Up A Amazing Energy Challenge!

Each first letter stands for:

●​ Remember
●​ Understand
●​ Apply
 ●​ Analyze
●​ Evaluate
●​ Create

Bloom's Taxonomy Explained in Easy Vocabulary (For Midterm Memory)

Bloom’s Taxonomy is a way to organize learning from simple to complex. It helps teachers
create good lessons and helps students understand how to think better.

Think of it like climbing a ladder—each step is a higher level of thinking. There are six levels,
starting from the easiest (Remembering) to the hardest (Creating).
1️⃣ What is the difference between a program and a course syllabus? How
would a program influence what is in the course content?

✅ Difference:
●​ A program is a group of courses designed to achieve a qualification (e.g., a Bachelor’s
degree).
●​ A course syllabus is a document explaining what will be taught in one specific course.

✅ How a Program Influences Course Content:

●​ The program decides what topics should be covered in each course.
●​ The sequence of courses in a program affects what students learn in each course
(e.g., beginner courses first, advanced later).
●​ Course syllabi are aligned with the overall learning goals of the program.

Example:

●​ If the program is English Language Teaching (ELT), a course syllabus might include
topics like lesson planning, syllabus design, and assessment to match the program
goals.

2️⃣ Describe the main characteristics of a lexical syllabus. How could you
mix elements of a lexical syllabus and a task-based syllabus?
✅ Main Characteristics of a Lexical Syllabus:
●​ Focuses on teaching vocabulary and common word combinations (collocations).
●​ Based on high-frequency words and phrases (what students need most in real life).
●​ Uses corpus research (word databases) to decide which words to teach first.
●​ Less focus on grammar, more on learning "chunks" of language (e.g., “How are you?”
instead of learning each word separately).

✅ Mixing Lexical & Task-Based Syllabi:

●​ Lexical Approach: Teach useful phrases and expressions first.
●​ Task-Based Approach: Use real-life activities where students practice using those
words in conversation.

Example:

●​ If teaching English for travel, first introduce key travel phrases ("Where is the hotel?"),
then have students role-play as tourists asking for directions.

3️⃣ Name three subjective needs of students. Of the three you mentioned,
which one do you feel is the most important and why?

✅ Three Subjective Needs:

1.​ Motivation – Some students learn because they love the subject, while others need
encouragement.
2.​ Learning Preferences – Some prefer group work, while others like independent study.
3.​ Confidence – Some students fear making mistakes and need support to feel
comfortable.

✅ Most Important Subjective Need & Why?

●​ Motivation is the most important because without motivation, students will not
engage with learning.
●​ Even if the materials are good, an unmotivated student won’t learn effectively.
●​ Teachers should create interesting activities to keep students engaged.

Example:

●​ A student who loves music may learn English better if lessons include song lyrics and
discussions.
4️⃣ Which 2 groups do SLOs guide? Give examples of how SLOs guide these
two groups.

✅ SLOs Guide Two Groups:

1.​ Students – SLOs help students understand what they need to learn.
2.​ Teachers – SLOs help teachers plan lessons and assessments.

✅ Examples:
●​ For Students: If an SLO says, “Students will be able to write an academic essay,”
students know that writing skills are important, and they should practice essay writing.
●​ For Teachers: Teachers design lessons and assessments based on SLOs, ensuring
that students are taught exactly what they need.

Final Tip for Midterm:

Essay Answer (150 words max)

To design an effective English course for beginners, I would combine a Lexical Syllabus and
a Task-Based Syllabus.

A Lexical Syllabus focuses on high-frequency words and phrases, helping students learn
common expressions used in daily conversation. This is essential for beginners who need to
quickly build their vocabulary. By learning useful word chunks, students can communicate
without worrying too much about grammar.

A Task-Based Syllabus ensures that students practice speaking in real-life situations. It

focuses on meaningful communication rather than memorizing grammar rules. Activities like
role-plays, discussions, and problem-solving tasks help students gain confidence in
speaking.
By combining these two, students first learn useful words and phrases (Lexical) and then
apply them in real-world tasks (Task-Based). For example, they can learn restaurant
vocabulary and then practice ordering food in a role-play. This method makes learning
engaging, practical, and effective.

Thus, this combination ensures structured learning while improving speaking skills.