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    Guía de Interpretación de Análisis de Refrigerante

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    Teófilo Limas
    This document summarizes the science behind coolant analysis for equipment reliability. It provides details on common coolant tests including glycol level, pH, conductivity, and ion chromatography. These tests monitor key properties like freeze point, boiling point, and inhibitor levels. The document also explains how to interpret test results and what abnormal values may indicate issues like contamination, overheating, or corrosion. Advanced coolant analysis can further detect wear metals and additive levels to identify potential problems affecting cooling system or engine performance.

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    Guía de Interpretación de Análisis de Refrigerante

    Uploaded by

    Teófilo Limas
    165 views2 pages
    This document summarizes the science behind coolant analysis for equipment reliability. It provides details on common coolant tests including glycol level, pH, conductivity, and ion chromatography. These tests monitor key properties like freeze point, boiling point, and inhibitor levels. The document also explains how to interpret test results and what abnormal values may indicate issues like contamination, overheating, or corrosion. Advanced coolant analysis can further detect wear metals and additive levels to identify potential problems affecting cooling system or engine performance.

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    Guía de interpretación de análisis de refrigerante (1)

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    This document summarizes the science behind coolant analysis for equipment reliability. It provides details on common coolant tests including glycol level, pH, conductivity, and ion chromatography. These tests monitor key properties like freeze point, boiling point, and inhibitor levels. The document also explains how to interpret test results and what abnormal values may indicate issues like contamination, overheating, or corrosion. Advanced coolant analysis can further detect wear metals and additive levels to identify potential problems affecting cooling system or engine performance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    165 views2 pages

    Guía de Interpretación de Análisis de Refrigerante

    Uploaded by

    Teófilo Limas
    This document summarizes the science behind coolant analysis for equipment reliability. It provides details on common coolant tests including glycol level, pH, conductivity, and ion chromatography. These tests monitor key properties like freeze point, boiling point, and inhibitor levels. The document also explains how to interpret test results and what abnormal values may indicate issues like contamination, overheating, or corrosion. Advanced coolant analysis can further detect wear metals and additive levels to identify potential problems affecting cooling system or engine performance.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    The Science Behind Equipment Reliability

    Coolant Analysis

    BASIC ANALYSIS
    Test
    Glycol%

    Physical Tests Typical Values or Flagging Limits Function or Effect


    Glycol level will vary depending on glycol type, application, and the pressure, elevation, and temperature at which the system operates. In general, freeze point should be a minimum 5C lower than the expected ambient temperature. In general, boiling point should be a minimum 10C above the maximum operating temperature of the cooling system. Glycol is used to suppress the freeze point and elevate the boiling point of coolant. Serious damage to the engine and radiator can occur when water expands when frozen. Boiling will dramatically reduce the heat transfer properties of coolant. Boiling point decreases 1.7C for every 1000 feet above sea level, and increases approximately 1.5C for each system psig. Indication of the acidity/alkalinity of the coolant. Improper pH levels can lead to metal corrosion. Low pH can indicate combustion blow by, local hot spot or air leak. High pH may be a sign of excessive additive treatment or a blend of conventional and long life coolants. (S/cm) Measure of the coolants ability to resist carrying electrical charge. High conductivity can reduce to e ectiveness of inhibitors and lead to cooling system corrosion.

    Freeze Point Boiling Point

    pH

    Conventional Coolant: Between 8.5 and 11 Long Life Coolant: Between 7 and 9

    Conductivity

    > 6600 Reportable > 7500 Unacceptable > 8000 Severe

    Ion Chromatography
    Note: Due to interferences inherent to some coolant formulations and chemistry, some ions may not be reportable. Nitrites > 1200 ppm (nitrite only formulation) Primary inhibitor for iron protection; used to prevent > 300 ppm (Nitrite and Molybdate formulation) cavitation of wet sleeve liners. Rapid depletion of Nitrite and an increase in glycolate indicates general overheating of the coolant system or a localized hot spot. Rapid depletion of Nitrite without increase in Glycolates indicates Nitrite oxidation by a positive stray current. Molybdates > 300 ppm (Nitrite and Molybdate formulation) Primary inhibitor for iron protection; used to prevent Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference cavitation of wet sleeve liners. Nitrates Reportable +/- 10% from new coolant Unacceptable +/- 20% from new coolant Severe +/- 30% from new coolant New Coolant < 25 ppm Used Coolant < 75 ppm Protection of light alloys, solder and aluminum from corrosion. Nitrate levels may increase as nitrites are chemically transformed into Nitrate. Contaminant that can lead to extreme corrosion. Chlorides can result from aging coolant, or come from hydrochloric acid cleaners or chlorinated water. Distilled water is recommended when diluting concentrated (not pre-mixed) glycol. Iron corrosion protection and pH control. Over treatment can lead to heavy precipitation in the coolant resulting in a plugged radiator or oil cooler. Contaminant that can combine with calcium to form scale. Sulphates can result from aging coolant, or come from sulfuric acid cleaners or tap water. Distilled water is recommended when diluting concentrated (not pre-mixed) glycol. Breakdown (oxidation) by-product of glycol usually caused by localized overheating, air leak or general excessive temperature. Promotes Iron corrosion Breakdown (oxidation) by-product of glycol usually caused by localized overheating, air leak or general excessive temperature. Promotes Copper corrosion and leads to hard deposit precipitates.

    Chlorides

    Phosphates

    > 25% Reduction from new coolant

    Sulphates

    New Coolant < 50 ppm Used Coolant < 300 ppm

    Glycolates

    Oxalates

    Typical <1000 ppm Reportable >1500 ppm Unacceptable >2000 ppm Severe >2500 ppm Typical <25 ppm Reportable >50 ppm Unacceptable >100 ppm Severe >150 ppm

    www.uidlife.com

    The Science Behind Equipment Reliability

    Coolant Analysis Interpretation Guide


    Color & Clarity

    Coolant should be clear and bright. A change from n ew is indicative of a mixing of coolants and/ or contamination/ degradation. Coolant Analysis Report Abbreviations:

    CCO - Clear, colorless OWH - O White RED - Red LRE - Light Red FOR - Fluorescent Orange ORA - Orange CLR - Clear

    LOR - Light orange FYE - Fluorescent Yellow LGR - Light Green FGR - Fluorescent Green YGR - Yellow-Green DBL - Dark Blue HAZ - Hazy

    BLU - Blue LBL - Light Blue PUR - Purple LPU - Light Purple FPI - Fluorescent Pink PIN - Pink CLD - Cloudy

    DBR - Dark Brown BRO - Brown LBR - Light Brown RBR - Red Brown YBR - Yellow-Brown GBR - Green Brown

    Odor
    Unusual odors in coolant can be an indication of contamination such as diesel fuel, residual cleaners, or adverse conditions such as general or localized overheating. Coolant Analysis Report Abbreviations: GD - Good, acceptable FUE - Diesel fuel NH4 - Ammonia BUR - Burnt odor FUN - Fungal odor SUL - Sulphide SOL - Solvent

    Precipitate / Magnetic Precipitate


    Precipitates are often caused by poor source of water or over concentration of coolant inhibitors, air leaks, or defective electrical grounds. Solids in the cooling system can lead to water pump and seal abrasion and subsequent leakage liner pitting, copper and aluminum corrosion, and plugged oil cooler and radiator. Magnetic Precipitate is a sign of severe wear in cooling system. Coolant Analysis Report Abbreviations: F L U - F luffy /wooly F L A - F la k e s S L U - S ludg e (Includes Basic Coolant Analysis) C H U Chunks

    ADVANCED COOLANT ANALYSIS


    Test
    Reserve Alkalinity

    Typical Range
    Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference

    Function or E ect
    A measure of the coolants ability to neutralize acids from glycol oxidation products or exhaust blow by. High reserve alkalinity is an indication of over concentration of additives. Low reserve alkalinity is an indication of over dilution or neutralization of additives.

    Specto-chemical (ppm) Reportable


    Iron Copper Lead Tin Silver Aluminum Zinc Calcium Magnesium Silicon Potassium Sodium Boron Phosphorous Molybdenum

    Unacceptable

    Severe
    20 15 15 15 15 15 20 100 40

    Primary Source
    (Some elements may originate from 2 or more sources ) Wear Element Wear Element Wear Element Wear Element Wear Element Wear Element Wear Element Contaminant (typically from water) Contaminant (typically from water) Additive Element Additive Element Additive Element Additive Element Additive Element Additive Element

    10 15 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 10 10 15 60 80 20 30 Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference > 2000 ppm Long Life Coolants < 5000 ppm Conventional coolants Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference Alarms are based on New Coolant Reference

    Coolants are carefully formulated mixtures of water, glycol, and inhibitors. Mixing coolants at anytime is not recommended and may lead to a loss of protective ability, damage to cooling system and engine, and/or a reduced coolant service life. Use of distilled or deionized water is recommended when added water is needed. Change coolant as per engine manufacturers instructions. Coolant Analysis is recommended up to every 250 hours. This guide is intended as a general reference only. Alarm limits indicated are typical; actual alarm limits may di er and are dependant on application, coolant type and other factors. Adequately completed coolant sample information is important for accurate ags and recommendations.

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