VOCABULARY LIST - WRITING TASK 2 MS TRACY

Topic 1: Rich countries often give money to poorer countries, but it does not solve poverty. Therefore, developed countries

should give other types of help to the poor countries rather than financial aid. Do you agree or disagree?

No. Vocabulary Meaning Example

(noun). chuyện bình
1 a commonplace Air travel is a commonplace nowadays
thường
The government provided monetary aid to the victims
2 monetary aid (noun). hỗ trợ tài chính
of the natural disaster.
(verb). chống đói nghèo Education and job creation are essential to battle
3 to battle poverty effectively
hiệu quả poverty effectively.
(verb). xây dựng tính
Develop a sense of responsibility Doing volunteer work will allow youngsters to develop
4 trách nhiệm và tính cộng
and community a sense of responsibility and community.
đồng
(verb). làm trầm trọng
The pandemic has exacerbated existing challenges in
5 exacerbate existing challenges thêm những thách thức
the healthcare system.
hiện có
 (noun). mất cân bằng The widening gap in income and wealth has led to
6 economic inequality
kinh tế increasing economic inequality
Investing in renewable energy sources can help mitigate
7 mitigate (verb). giảm thiểu
the impact of climate change.
(verb). hỗ trợ các cộng Non-profit organizations support struggling
8 support struggling communities
đồng đang gặp khó khăn communities during times of crisis.
(verb). giải quyết các nhu Effective policymaking requires addressing the specific
9 address the specific needs
cầu cụ thể needs of diverse populations.
(verb). tạo ra sự thay đổi A long-term approach is necessary to create sustainable
10 create sustainable change
bền vững change in the environment.
foster mutual understanding and (verb). thúc đẩy sự hiểu Cultural exchange programs aim to foster mutual
11
cooperation biết và hợp tác lẫn nhau understanding and cooperation between nations
(noun). các quốc gia có Low-income nations face significant challenges in
12 low-income nations
thu nhập thấp achieving economic growth and development.
(noun). lĩnh vực công Rapid advancements in the technological realm have
13 the technological realm
nghệ transformed various industries.
Topic 2: Some countries achieve international success by building specialized facilities to train top athletes instead of providing
sports facilities that everyone can use.
elite achievement Elite achievement is often celebrated, but it can create
14 (noun). thành tích ưu tú
an unhealthy competition that leaves many behind.
 come at the cost (verb). đánh đổi Pursuing a career as a professional athlete may lead to
15 elite achievement, but it can come at the cost of
physical health and well-being.
lower socio-economic
Individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds
(noun). hoàn cảnh kinh
16 backgrounds often face significant challenges when trying to access
tế xã hội thấp hơn
higher education.

an uneven playing
The job market can be an uneven playing field where
(noun). một sân chơi
17 field those with connections or privilege are more likely to
không công bằng
succeed.

perpetuate The way we structure society perpetuates existing

18 (verb). kéo dài inequalities, making it difficult for some to break out of
poverty.
existing societal
(noun). bất bình đẳng xã Inequitable policies and practices within our systems
19 inequalities
hội hiện có can maintain existing societal inequalities.

skewed towards The justice system is often skewed towards those with
20 (verb). nghiêng về phía
more money and power.

(noun) một số người có The privileged few often hold the majority of wealth and
21 A privileged few
đặc quyền resources in our society
 Community-based programs can provide a safe and
(noun) các chương trình
22 Community-based programs supportive environment for marginalized individuals to
cho cộng đồng
thrive
(verb) thúc đẩy một xã Creating policies and programs that prioritize diversity
Foster a more inclusive and
23 hội toàn diện và công and inclusion can foster a more inclusive and equitable
equitable society
bằng hơn society for all
Programs that are poorly designed or executed may do
(verb) lợi bất cập hại ( hại
24 Do more harm than good more harm than good to the communities they aim to
nhiều hơn lợi)
serve.

Topic 3: Some people believe that certain old buildings should be preserved more than others. What types of old buildings should

be preserved? Do you think the advantages of preserving old buildings outweigh the disadvantages?

(noun) một vấn đề gây Abortion is a contentious issue that many people have
25 A contentious issue
tranh cãi strong opinions about.
One of the major drawbacks of using renewable energy
26 drawback (noun) hạn chế
sources is the high initial cost of installation
Her success in the field is a testament to her hard work
27 testament (noun) minh chứng
and dedication.
(noun) một cảm giác liên The tradition of passing down family recipes gives a
28 A sense of continuity
tục sense of continuity to generations.
 Winning an Olympic gold medal is the pinnacle of many
29 pinnacle (noun) đỉnh cao
athletes careers.
She tried to divert the conversation away from her
30 divert (verb) chuyển hướng
personal life
(noun) những nhu cầu In times of crisis, pressing needs such as food, water,
31 Pressing needs
cấp bách and shelter must be addressed first.
Achieving success sometimes comes at the cost of
32 Come at the cost of (verb) đánh đổi
personal sacrifices.
Poor infrastructure can hinder economic development
33 hinder (verb) cản trở
in a region.
The construction of a new building obstructed the view
34 obstruct (verb) cản trở
from our apartment
(noun) sự thịnh vượng The government s policies have led to economic
35 Economic prosperity
kinh tế prosperity for the country.
Planting trees can help offset the carbon emissions
36 offset (verb) bù lại
from cars and factories.

Topic 4: Video records are better to learn about the way other people in the world live than written documents. To what extent

do you agree or disagree?

 A more immersive and engaging (noun) một cách học hấp Playing educational video games can provide a more
37
way to learn dẫn và thú vị hơn immersive and engaging way to learn
(noun) một miêu tả trực The world map is a visual representation for displaying
38 A visual representation
quan the geographic distribution of a phenomenon.
Reading about a historical event is one thing, but
39 First-hand (adj) trực tiếp experiencing it first-hand is an entirely different level of
understanding.
(noun) một góc nhìn đa Learning about both sides of an argument can provide a
40 A more nuanced perspective
sắc thái hơn more nuanced perspective on the issue.
(noun) giao tiếp phi ngôn Nonverbal communication, such as facial expressions
41 Nonverbal communication
ngữ and body language, can convey a lot of information.
It s important to be able to convey your ideas clearly in
42 convey (verb) truyền đạt
order to be an effective communicator
(noun) một quan điểm Relying solely on one news source can give you a limited
43 A limited or biased view
hạn chế hoặc thiên vị or biased view of current events
(adj) được bỏ qua hoặc In order to make a fair decision, all relevant information
44 Be omitted or distorted
bị bóp méo should be considered and not be omitted or distorted.
A more comprehensive (noun) một sự hiểu biết Reading multiple books on a topic can provide a more
45
understanding hoàn thiện hơn comprehensive understanding of the subject.
 Having a thorough understanding of the company s
46 crucial (adj) quan trọng
policies is crucial for new employees

Topic 5: The best way to teach children to cooperate is through team sports at school. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

(noun) sự chú trọng The coach's unhealthy emphasis on winning at all costs
An unhealthy emphasis on
47 không lành mạnh về cạnh caused the team to lose sight of the importance of
competition
tranh sportsmanship and fair play.
(verb) không (làm cái gì
48 fail I fail to comprehend their attitude
đó)
Parents can instill a love of reading in their children by
49 instill (verb) khơi dậy
reading with them regularly
Athletes with a competitive mindset are driven to
50 A competitive mindset (noun) tư duy cạnh tranh
constantly improve themselves and strive to be the best
A lack of transparency and trust can hinder cooperation
51 Hinder cooperation (verb) cản trở sự hợp tác
between departments
A manager's counterproductive approach of constantly
(noun) phương pháp
52 Counterproductive approach criticizing can lead to low morale and high turnover
phản tác dụng
rates
 The team's shared goal of winning the championship
53 A shared goal (noun) mục tiêu chung motivated them to work together and support each
other.
The job requires a specific skill set that includes
54 Skill set (noun) bộ kĩ năng proficiency in Microsoft Excel, and strong
communication skills.
(noun) giải quyết xung Effective conflict resolution involves active listening and
55 Conflict resolution
đột finding a mutually beneficial solution.

Topic 6: Nowadays, not enough students choose science subjects in university in many countries. What are the reasons for this

Problem? What are the effects on society?

56 perception (noun) sự nhận thức Your perception of the situation may differ from mine.
(noun) triển vọng nghề The job market for healthcare professionals is growing
57 Career prospect
nghiệp rapidly, making it an excellent career prospect.
The implication of your decision could have serious
58 implication (noun) ý nghĩa
consequences
 The problems were compounded by severe food
59 compound (verb) trở nên phức tạp
shortages
She has the daunting task of cooking for 20 people
60 daunting (adj) nhàm chán
every day.
(noun) một môi trường
Many students thrive in a structured learning
61 A structured learning environment học tập có quy trình
environment with clear expectations and guidelines
giảng dạy được soạn sẵn
The warning signs are intended to deter people from
62 deter (verb) ngăn chặn
swimming in the dangerous waters.
(noun) những chuyên Some students find engineering and science
63 Intimidating majors
ngành đáng sợ intimidating majors.
The broken elevator will hamper our ability to move
64 hamper (verb) cản trở
heavy items
(noun) những động lực Innovation and creativity are essential drivers of
65 Essential drivers
cần thiết economic growth.
There s always been a stereotype about successful
66 stereotype (noun) định kiến
businessmen
(noun) những chuyên gia The company hired a team of competent technology
67 Competent technology experts
công nghệ có năng lực experts to improve its digital infrastructure.

Topic 7: While many people go to university for academic study, more people should be encouraged to do vocational training

because there is a lack of qualified workers such as electricians and plumbers. Do you agree or disagree?
 (noun) giáo dục nghề
68 Vocational education Vocational education prepares students for specific jobs
nghiệp
(adj) có khả năng, năng
69 competent The company needs competent employees to succeed
lực
John is considering a career change to a new
70 occupation (noun) nghề nghiệp
occupation.
Real-world and hands-on (noun) trải nghiệm thực The engineering students are getting real world
71
experience tế experience in their internships.
72 Theoretical (adj) mang tính lí thuyết The physics class is focused on theoretical concepts
(noun) dụng cụ chuyên A surgeon needs specialized tools for a successful
73 Specialized tool
dụng operation
(noun) kiến thức toàn The training program provides a comprehensive
74 Comprehensive knowledge
diện knowledge of the industry.
Attending the conference provided many networking
75 Networking opportunity (noun) các cơ hội kết nối
opportunities
76 Job lead (noun) đầu mối công việc The career center offers job leads to its members.
77 pursue (verb) theo đuổi She decided to pursue her dream of becoming a doctor

Topic 8: Some people think that governments should ban dangerous sports, while others think people should have freedom to

do any sports or activity. Discuss both views and give your own opinion
78 outright (adj) hoàn toàn He won the race outright, without any competition
The government decided to outlaw the sale of certain
79 outlaw (verb) cấm
drugs
I cherish the liberty to express myself freely without
80 liberty (noun) quyền tự do
fear of censorship.
(verb) đi kèm một rủi ro Base jumping without proper equipment can involve a
81 Involve a significant risk
lớn significant risk of injury or death
The doctor said that if we don t perform surgery soon,
82 Life-threatening (adj) đe dọa tính mạng
his condition could become life threatening
The bystander witnessed the accident but did not
83 bystander (noun) người ngoài cuộc
intervene
The proponent of the new law argued that it would
84 proponent (noun) người ủng hộ
benefit the community
(noun) một trải nghiệm Skydiving for the first time was an exhilarating
85 An exhilarating experience
thú vị experience that left me feeling both nervous and alive.
Finishing the marathon gave me a great sense of
(noun) một cảm giác accomplishment, knowing I had trained hard for
86 A sense of accomplishment
thành tựu months and pushed through the pain to complete the
race
87 mild (adj) nhẹ The symptoms were mild
 The school has a strict policy to prohibit bullying of any
88 prohibit (verb) cấm
kind
I have a moderate appetite and don t usually eat large
89 moderate (adj) vừa phải
portions

Topic 9: Some experts believe that when a country is already rich, any additional increase in economic wealth does not make its

citizens any more satisfied. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

(noun) tình trạng học vấn His academic status and knowledge was elevated after
90 Academic status and knowledge
và kiến thức publishing his research in a top-tier journal
She devoted her life to knowledge and intellectual
(noun) theo đuổi trí tuệ
91 Knowledge and intellectual pursuit pursuit, always seeking to learn and expand her
và kiến thức
understanding of the world.
The country s affluent society enjoyed a high standard
92 Affluent society (noun) xã hội giàu có
of living and access to many luxuries
The school placed a high value on academic
(noun) coi trọng thành
93 Valuing academic achievement achievement, rewarding top-performing students with
tích học tập
scholarships and recognition.
There is a lot of prestige attached to owning a car like
94 prestige (noun) uy tín
this.
 (noun) kiến thức chuyên The medical field requires specialized knowledge and
95 Specialized knowledge
môn training to provide effective treatment
Some people equate success to financial wealth, but
96 equate (verb) đánh đồng
others value personal growth and happiness more
In developing countries, more than 640 million are
97 shelter (noun) nơi ở
without shelter.
The artist's work is prominently displayed in the
98 prominently (adv) nổi bật
museum's main exhibit hall
Finding fulfillment in life requires pursuing your
99 fulfillment (noun) thỏa mãn
passions and finding purpose in your daily activities.

Topic 10: In the modern world it is possible to shop, work and communicate with people via the internet and live without any face-

to-face contact with others. Is it a positive or negative development in your opinion?

(preposition) trong thời In contemporary time, social media has become a

100 In contemporary time
hiện đại primary means of communication for many people
(noun) tương tác trực In-person interaction is important for building strong
101 In-person interaction
tiếp relationships and understanding others' emotions
 Profound and significant (noun) kết nối sâu sắc và Meeting someone who shares your values and beliefs
102
connection mạnh mẽ can lead to a profound and significant connection
(verb) mang đến sự tiện Online shopping offers tremendous convenience for
103 Offer tremendous convenience
lợi to lớn people with busy schedules
Living in an isolated area can be challenging for
104 Isolated area (noun) khu vực biệt lập
individuals who crave social interaction
Mobility limitation can make it difficult for people to
105 Mobility limitation (noun) hạn chế di chuyển
access public spaces and engage in social activities
(noun) bản chất thiếu The impersonal nature of online communication can
The impersonal nature of online
106 tương tác của giao tiếp make it challenging to establish a sense of trust and
communication
trực tuyến connection
(noun) mối quan hệ sâu A deep, meaningful relationship requires time, effort,
107 Deep, meaningful relationship
sắc và ý nghĩa and mutual respect.
(verb) trải qua sự cô lập Many individuals who live alone or far from family
108 Experience social isolation
về mặt xã hội experience social isolation
(verb) ảnh hưởng xấu Adverse mental health and well being effects can result
Adverse mental health and well-
109 đến sức khỏe tinh thần from chronic stress, lack of social support, and other
being effect
và sự hạnh phúc factors.
(noun) thời đại kĩ thuật The digital age has transformed the way we
110 Digital age
số communicate, work, and access information

Topic 11: An increasing number of people are choosing to have cosmetic surgery in order to improve their appearance. Why do
people have operations to change the way they look? Do you think this is a positive or negative development?

Yesterday's meeting is likely to fuel further speculation

111 fuel (verb) thúc đẩy
about a takeover
(noun) phẫu thuật thẩm She decided to get a cosmetic procedure done on her
112 Cosmetic procedure
mỹ nose to improve her appearance.
Many people feel pressured to meet society's
Meet society’s expectations for (verb) đáp ứng kỳ vọng
113 expectations for beauty, even if it means undergoing
beauty của xã hội về cái đẹp
extreme measures.
The government's new policy aims to eliminate poverty
114 eliminate (verb) xóa bỏ
and inequality in the country
(noun) người có vẻ ngoài Plain looking citizens often feel overlooked and
115 Plain-looking citizen
giản dị undervalued in a society that values physical beauty
Securing a job can be difficult in today's competitive job
116 Secure job (verb) đảm bảo việc làm
market.
(noun) phân biệt đối xử Appearance based discrimination can lead to social
117 Appearance-based discrimination
dựa trên ngoại hình exclusion and a lack of opportunities.
Some cosmetic procedures pose physical and
Pose physical and psychological (verb) gây ra những rủi psychological risks, and it's important to weigh the
118
risks ro về thể chất và tâm lí potential complications before deciding to undergo a
procedure.
 119 complication (noun) biến chứng She developed complications after the surgery.
She was overly preoccupied with her appearance,
120 Overly preoccupied with (adj) quá bận tâm constantly checking herself in the mirror and seeking
validation from others.
Many people who suffer from depression and anxiety
(verb) bị trầm cảm và lo
121 Suffer from depression and anxiety also struggle with low self-esteem and body image
lắng
issues.
The pressure to conform to beauty standards can be
(verb) tuân thủ với tiêu
122 To conform to beauty standard overwhelming, leading some people to resort to
chuẩn cái đẹp
extreme measures to achieve the desired look.
Some people indulge in plastic beauty, spending
(verb) đam mê vẻ đẹp thousands of dollars on
123 To conform to beauty standard
thẩm mĩ
cosmetic procedures to enhance their appearance

Topic 12: Some people say free time activities for children should be organized by parents. Others say that children should be free

to choose what they do in their free time. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Some people indulge in plastic beauty, spending

124 In favor of (preposition) ủng hộ thousands of dollars on cosmetic procedures to
enhance their appearance
 Many parents believe that parent-organized activities
(noun) hoạt động do phụ
125 Parent-organized activities are a great way to keep their children active and
huynh tổ chức
engaged outside of school
As a teacher, I believe that it s important to instill a
(verb) truyền ý thức kỉ
126 Instill a sense of discipline sense of discipline in my students so that they can stay
luật
focused and motivated to learn
(noun) phẩm chất có giá Learning responsibility and respect are valuable traits
127 Valuable traits
trị that children can use throughout their lives
(noun) kỹ năng xã hội và Participating in social and cognitive activities can
128 Social and cognitive skills
nhận thức improve a child's social and cognitive skills
Child-led free time can give children a sense of control
(noun) thời gian rảnh do over their own
129 Child-led free time
trẻ làm chủ
lives
Giving children opportunities to make decisions and try
Develop a sense of independence (verb) phát triển ý thức
130 new things can help them develop a sense of
and self-confidence độc lập và tự tin
independence and self-confidence.
(verb) thúc đẩy sự sáng Extracurricular activities can foster creativity and critical
Foster creativity and critical thinking
131 tạo và kỹ năng tư duy thinking skills by encouraging children to think outside
skills
phản biện the box and solve problems in innovative ways
Joining extracurricular activities, such as clubs or teams,
(noun) các hoạt động
132 Extracurricular activities can help children develop new interests and skills
ngoại khóa
outside of the classroom
 By participating in extracurricular activities, children can
133 Take responsibility for (verb) chịu trách nhiệm
learn to take responsibility for their actions.
(noun) thời gian rảnh Providing children with productive and enjoyable free
134 Productive and enjoyable free time
hiệu quả và thú vị time can help them relax and recharge.
Children should be encouraged to pursue their interests
(verb) theo đuổi sở thích
135 Pursue their interests and passions, as this can help them find meaning and
của họ
purpose in their lives.

Topic 13: Some students take a gap year after graduating high school to work and/or travel. Discuss the advantages and

disadvantages of this

The cost of purchasing a private jet is prohibitively

136 Prohibitively costly (adj) cực kỳ tốn kém
costly for most people
(verb) ghi danh vào các I plan to enroll in academic courses next semester to
137 Enroll in academic courses
khóa học improve my skills
(verb) theo đuổi nghề John decided to pursue a career in medicine after
138 To pursue a career
nghiệp completing his undergraduate degree.
She made an endeavor to finish the project before the
139 Endeavor (noun) nỗ lực
deadline
After the breakup, he took time to introspect and
140 introspect (verb) nhìn lại
reflect on his behavior
 (noun) một triển vọng và The new CEO brought a refreshed outlook and vigor to
141 A refreshed outlook and vigor
sức sống tươi mới the company.
(noun) nhược điểm tiềm One potential drawback of remote work is a lack of
142 Potential drawbacks
ẩn social interaction with colleagues
(verb) cản trở tiến trình The lack of resources can impede their academic
143 Impede their academic progress
học tập của họ progress
(verb) gặp khó khăn về Some students may encounter financial difficulty when
144 Encounter financial difficulty
tài chính paying for tuition and living expenses
The company offers competitive remuneration
145 remuneration (noun) thù lao
packages to attract top talent.
The benefits of the new policy should be weighed
146 Be weighed against (verb) được cân nhắc với
against its potential costs

Topic 14: The advantages of the spread of English as a global language will continue to outweigh its disadvantages. To what extent

do you agree or disagree?

The country's cultural homogeneity has led to a lack of

147 Cultural homogeneity (noun) đồng hóa
diversity in its art and cuisine
 The government tried to repress the political dissidents
148 repress (verb) đàn áp
by limiting their freedom of speech
The predominance of technology companies in the
149 predominance (noun) chiếm ưu thế
region has led to a concentration of wealth.
The government is taking steps to mitigate the effects
150 mitigate (verb) giảm bớt
of climate change on the local ecosystem.
(noun) sáng kiến bảo tồn The language preservation initiative aims to protect
151 Language preservation initiative
ngôn ngữ endangered languages from extinction
(verb) thúc đẩy sự đa The school's program to foster linguistic variety
152 Foster linguistic variety
dạng ngôn ngữ encourages students to learn multiple languages.
(noun) kinh doanh và The city's thriving business and commerce sector
153 Business and commerce
thương mại attracts entrepreneurs from around the world
(noun) những trở ngại The language barrier can be a communication obstacle
154 Communication obstacle
giao tiếp for international travelers
To access standard international (verb) được tiếp cận nền The library provides resources to help students access
155
educational resource giáo dục chuẩn quốc tế standard international educational material.
(noun) những khó khăn Learning a new skill can be a manageable difficulty with
156 Manageable difficulty
có thể kiểm soát được consistent practice
The new technology has genuinely facilitated
(verb) đã thực sự tạo communication between
157 Has genuinely facilitated
điều kiện
people from different countries.
 The demand for the product has exceeded the
158 Exceed (verb) vượt quá
company's expectations, leading to a shortage.
A major drawback of the project is the high cost of
159 drawback (noun) nhược điểm
implementation

Topic 15: Some people think that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has a negative effect on

young people’s reading and writing skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

The deforestation had a detrimental impact on the

160 A detrimental impact (noun) tác động bất lợi
ecosystem of the Amazon rainforest
The company reported a substantial increase in profits
161 substantial (adj) đáng kể
this quarter
(verb) cung cấp quyền The school decided to offer access to social media to
162 Offer access to social media truy cập vào phương tiện students in order to promote collaboration and
truyền thông xã hội communication
(noun) vô số bài viết trên There are countless web articles on the benefits of
163 Countless web articles
web meditation for mental health.
Reading books from a young age can greatly improve
164 literacy (noun) khả năng đọc viết
literacy skills.
Exposure to contemporary (verb) tiếp xúc với công Growing up in a tech-savvy household provided me with
165
technology nghệ đương đại early exposure to contemporary technology
 Online educational resources such as Khan Academy
(noun) nguồn giáo dục
166 Online educational resources and Coursera have made learning more accessible than
trực tuyến
ever before
Many universities now offer comprehensive degree
(noun) chương trình cấp
167 Comprehensive degree programs programs online, making higher education more
bằng toàn diện
accessible to working adults
(noun) các buổi dạy kèm The student struggled in class until they began
168 Individual tutoring sessions
cá nhân attending individual tutoring sessions.
Distance learning has become increasingly popular as a
169 Distance learning (noun) học từ xa way to obtain a degree while balancing work and
personal responsibilities
Online academic platforms such as Canvas and
(noun) nền tảng học tập
170 Online academic platforms Blackboard are commonly used for course management
trực tuyến
and communication between students and teachers

Topic 16: Some cities have vehicle-free days when private cars, trucks and motorcycles are banned from the city center. People

are encouraged to use public transportation such as buses, taxis and metro on vehicle-free days. To what extent do you think the

advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

 (noun) ngày không có xe Many cities have implemented vehicle-free days to
171 Vehicle-free days
cộ reduce air pollution.
The government may prohibit the use of certain
172 prohibit (verb) cấm
substances that are deemed harmful
(verb) kêu gọi sử dụng Governments around the world urge citizens to utilize
173 Urge to utilize public transit
phương tiện công cộng public transit to reduce traffic and carbon emissions.
Though a talented player, he was completely eclipsed
174 eclipse (verb) lu mờ
by his brother
Cars emit pollutants that pose a risk to the environment
175 Emit (verb) thải ra
and human health
Poor air quality can pose a risk to respiratory health and
176 Pose a risk (verb) gây rủi ro
exacerbate breathing conditions.
Regular exercise and a balanced diet can have a positive
177 Respiratory health (noun) sức khỏe hô hấp
impact on respiratory health
(noun) phương thức vận
A more sustainable and efficient Cycling or walking can be a more sustainable and
178 chuyển bền vững và hiệu
mode of transport efficient mode of transport for short distances
quả hơn
Road congestion can lead to longer travel times and
179 Road congestion (noun) tắc đường
increased stress for drivers.
 (noun) sự sụt giảm mức
A drop in customer satisfaction A drop in customer satisfaction levels can lead to
180 độ hài lòng của khách
levels decreased sales and revenue for businesses
hàng
It is important to address the concerns of businesses
(verb) giải quyết những
181 Adress the concerns of businesses when implementing new policies that may affect their
nỗi lo của doanh nghiệp
operations
Legislation is often necessary to ensure that companies
182 legislation (noun) pháp luật are held accountable for their actions and to protect the
rights of citizens

Topic 17: More and more people no longer read newspapers or watch TV programs to get news. They get news about the world

through the Internet. Is this a positive or negative development?

183 To stay informed (verb) để cập nhật thông To stay informed about current affairs, I read the
tin news every morning
184 Current affairs (noun) các tin tức thời sự I always make sure to keep up with current affairs by
reading the newspaper every day
185 Sensationalized or misleading story (noun) câu chuyện giật Some news outlets tend to focus on sensationalized
gân hoặc gây hiểu nhầm or misleading stories to attract more readers
186 Consume false information (verb) sử dụng thông tin Consuming false information can be dangerous and
sai lệch harmful to one’s beliefs and decisions
187 Far-reaching (adj) sâu rộng The far-reaching implications of climate change
 cannot be ignored.
188 Shape public opinion (verb) định hướng dư The media has a significant role in shaping public
luận opinion on various issues
189 Flawed-decision making (noun) ra quyết định sai Flawed decision-making can lead to negative
lầm consequences in both personal and professional
settings.
190 Potential drawback (noun) nhược điểm tiềm One potential drawback of social media is the spread
ẩn of misinformation
191 Cater to users’ interest (verb) phục vụ lợi ích The new streaming service is catering to users'
người dùng interests by providing personalized
recommendations based on their viewing history
192 Tailor to their preferences (verb) phù hợp với sở The online shopping experience is tailored to the
thích của họ preferences of each user
193 Level of customization (noun) mức độ tùy chỉnh The level of customization offered by this software is
impressive.
194 Stay up-to-date (verb) luôn cập nhật Staying up-to-date with the latest trends and news is
essential in today’s fast-paced world

Topic 18: Money should be spent on creating new public buildings such as museums or town halls rather than renovating the

existing ones. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

195 Allocate their budget (verb) phân bổ ngân sách The city council decided to allocate their budget to
của họ improve the public transportation system
196 renovate (verb) cải tạo The company hired a contractor to renovate their
office building
197 A historical or cultural significance (noun) một ý nghĩa lịch The museum exhibits artifacts of historical and
sử và văn hóa cultural significance.
198 Boost tourism (verb) thúc đẩy du lịch The government's investment in infrastructure aims
to boost tourism in the region.
199 Generate revenue for local (verb) tạo doanh thu cho Hosting events and festivals can generate revenue
businesses các doanh nghiệp địa for local businesses.
phương
200 Enhance the identity and pride of a (verb) nâng cao bản sắc Public art installations can enhance the identity and
community và niềm tự hào của cộng pride of a community
đồng
201 Become symbols of national (verb) trở thành biểu Historic landmarks like the Great Wall of China
heritage tượng của di sản quốc become symbols of national heritage
qia
202 Strengthen the sense of belonging (verb) tăng cường cảm Community events and activities can strengthen the
among its people giác thuộc về cộng đồng sense of belonging among its people
203 Reduce the community’s carbon (verb) giảm lượng khí Promoting sustainable transportation options can
footprint thải carbon của cộng reduce the community's carbon footprint
 đồng
204 Specialized worker (noun) chuyên gia A doctor is a specialized worker who provides
medical care.
205 Revitalize existing public buildings (verb) phục hồi các tòa The city plans to revitalize existing public buildings to
nhà công cộng hiện có improve their functionality and aesthetics
206 Maintain a city’s character and (verb) duy trì nét đặc Preserving historic architecture can maintain a city's
charm trưng và quyến rũ của character and charm
thành phố
207 acknowledge (verb) ghi nhận The mayor publicly acknowledged the volunteers'
contributions to the community.