Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 365 views

    Antacids

    Uploaded by

    jakubstefano
    Antacids work by neutralizing stomach acid through an acid-base reaction. There are systemic antacids that are absorbed and can cause alkalosis, and non-systemic antacids that form an insoluble protective coating. Common antacids include sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide. While effective at reducing acid, antacids can cause side effects like constipation, belching, and drug interactions by altering absorption of other medications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Antacids

    Uploaded by

    jakubstefano
    365 views14 pages
    Antacids work by neutralizing stomach acid through an acid-base reaction. There are systemic antacids that are absorbed and can cause alkalosis, and non-systemic antacids that form an insoluble protective coating. Common antacids include sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide. While effective at reducing acid, antacids can cause side effects like constipation, belching, and drug interactions by altering absorption of other medications.

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Antacids work by neutralizing stomach acid through an acid-base reaction. There are systemic antacids that are absorbed and can cause alkalosis, and non-systemic antacids that form an insoluble protective coating. Common antacids include sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide. While effective at reducing acid, antacids can cause side effects like constipation, belching, and drug interactions by altering absorption of other medications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    365 views14 pages

    Antacids

    Uploaded by

    jakubstefano
    Antacids work by neutralizing stomach acid through an acid-base reaction. There are systemic antacids that are absorbed and can cause alkalosis, and non-systemic antacids that form an insoluble protective coating. Common antacids include sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide. While effective at reducing acid, antacids can cause side effects like constipation, belching, and drug interactions by altering absorption of other medications.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 14

    Antacids

    any substance, generally a base or basic salt, which decrease gastric acidity by neutralizing HCl antacids are gastric acid neutralizers

    Mechanism of action:
    Antacids (base) + gastric HCl NaCl + H2O

    Reduction of intragastric acidity Promote mucosal defense mechanism through stimulation of mucosal prostaglandin production

    Types of Antacids
    SYSTEMIC antacids
    Soluble and readily absorbed decrease acidity but cause systemic alkalosis, due to absorption of bicarbonate, hence acid base balance is disturbed

    ex: sodium bicarbonate disadv: CO2 released belching of flatulence gastric distention, posing a risk to people who have gastric ulcers approaching the perforation stage

    NON SYSTEMIC antacids


    Insoluble compounds not absorbed after administration, hence acid- base balance is minimally disturbed Serves as protective film to the gastric lining

    Ex:
    Al(oH)2 magnesium carbonate mg(oH)2 calcium carbonate

    Disadvantage:
    It has a tendency to produce constipation Milk-Alkali Syndrome
    Prolonged administration of large doses of CaCo3 together with large amount of milk Metabolic alkalosis Hypercalcemia Renal insufficiency

    Sodium bicarbonate
    baking soda, Alka Seltzer
    NaHCO3 + gastric HCl NaCl + CO2
    Gastric distention & belching

    decrease gastric acidity rapidly

    Pharmacokinetics
    Onset of action: Duration of action: Absorption: Excretion: oral - rapid IV 15 minutes oral - 8 10 mins IV 1-2 hours oral - well absorbed Renal (urine)

    Adverse effects:
    METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
    When given in high doses, unreacted alkali are readily absorbed, thereby increasing the plasma concentration of bicarbonate, blood ph rises

    Electrolyte imbalance
    hypernatremia

    Seizures and tetany


    Inc. blood ph dec. free Ca =hypocalcemia

    Contraindications:
    heart problems high blood pressure swelling of the arms or legs
    Edema secondary to Na overload

    kidney disease

    Calcium carbonate
    Tums, Os-Cal Less soluble, reacts more slowly that NaHCo3 MOA: CaCO3 + gastric HCl CaCl2 + CO2 A/E: belching, constipation, Milk-Alkali Syndrome, hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency

    Magnesium hydroxide & Aluminum hydroxide


    Maalox, Mylanta, Kremil-S Mg(OH)2 + gastric HCl MgCl2 + H2O Al(OH)3 + gastric HCl AlCl3 + H2O No CO2 production, therefore no belching Metabolic alkalosis is uncommon

    Neutralization rxn:
    Unabsorbed Mg salts Unabsorbed Al salts Osmotic diarrhea Constipation

    Administered together to minimize impact on bowel function Excreted through kidneys

    Contraindicated to patients with renal insufficiency

    Drug Interaction of Antacids


    Antacids may affect absorption of other medications by binding the drug reducing its absorption Increasing intragastric ph affecting the drugs dissolution or solubility Ex: tetracycline
    Fluroquinolones Itraconazole Iron

    All antacids increases intragastric ph

    You might also like