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  • History - 1st Generation (1G) Systems

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    Anto Radde
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    The document discusses the history and evolution of cellular network generations: 1) First generation (1G) cellular networks from the 1980s used analog technology and FM modulation. Examples included Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS). 2) Second generation (2G) systems from the early 1990s introduced digital technology like GSM and CDMA. GSM became the most widely used standard globally. 3) Third generation (3G) cellular, beginning in the late 1990s, supported multimedia services and higher data rates, paving the way for modern internet applications on mobile.

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    The document discusses the history and evolution of cellular network generations: 1) First generation (1G) cellular networks from the 1980s used analog technology and FM modulation. Examples included Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS). 2) Second generation (2G) systems from the early 1990s introduced digital technology like GSM and CDMA. GSM became the most widely used standard globally. 3) Third generation (3G) cellular, beginning in the late 1990s, supported multimedia services and higher data rates, paving the way for modern internet applications on mobile.

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    204 views16 pages

    History - 1st Generation (1G) Systems

    Uploaded by

    Anto Radde
    The document discusses the history and evolution of cellular network generations: 1) First generation (1G) cellular networks from the 1980s used analog technology and FM modulation. Examples included Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS). 2) Second generation (2G) systems from the early 1990s introduced digital technology like GSM and CDMA. GSM became the most widely used standard globally. 3) Third generation (3G) cellular, beginning in the late 1990s, supported multimedia services and higher data rates, paving the way for modern internet applications on mobile.

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    of 16

    History

    Generasi pertama (1G) Sistem komunikasi seluler pertama kali beroperasi di norwegia pada tahun 1981 dan diikuti oleh sistem yang sama di US dan UK. System generasi pertama ini hanya mentransmisikan voice dengan frekuensi sekitar 900 MHz dan menggunakan modulasi analog Generasi kedua (2G) GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) pertama kali digunakan di eropa pada awal tahun 1990. GSM menyediakan layanan voice dan data yang terbatas. Menggunakan modulasi digital. The new third generation (3G) cellular services Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) or IMT-2000 will sustain higher data rates still and opens the door to many internet style applications

    History - 1st Generation (1G) Systems


    1960 Cellular Radio, developed by Bell Labs. 1970 Cellular Mobile System (USA) 1980 First Generation Analogue Cellular Systems
    Advanced Mobile Telephone Systems (AMPS) Frequency bands: 800 - 900 MHz and 400 - 500 MHz Channel spacing 30 kHz and no of channels 400 1000 Data rate 5 - 10 kbps FM for speech, FSK for signaling, FDM

    History
    1934-USA : AM based: First generation Analogue Cellular Systems For public safety 5000 mobiles Vehicle ignition noise a major problem 1935 USA Europe Asia :FM based: Frequency bands: - 800 - 900 MHz and 400 - 500 MHz 120 kHz RF bandwidth with channel spacing of 30 kHz Data rate 5 - 10 kbps No of channels 400 1000, half-duplex
    1946- USA : First Generation Public Mobile Telephone Service: Coverage distance: 50 km, 60 kHz bandwidth Single powerful transmitter

    Perkembangan Teknologi Cellular

    History - 1st Generation (1G) Systems


    1960 Cellular Radio, developed by Bell Labs. 1970 Cellular Mobile System (USA) 1980 First Generation Analogue Cellular Systems
    Advanced Mobile Telephone Systems (AMPS) Frequency bands: 800 - 900 MHz and 400 - 500 MHz Channel spacing 30 kHz and no of channels 400 1000 Data rate 5 - 10 kbps FM for speech, FSK for signaling, FDM

    Block diagram of the first generation cellular network.


    All first generation cellular networks are based on analog technology and use FM modulation An example of the first generation cellular telephone system is Advanced Mobile Phone Services (AMPS)

    AMPS
    Pioneer of cellular telecommunications FDMA-based analog system Low capacity of subscriber per cell Unsecure Phone number can be scanned and copied Voice conversation is not encrypted

    History - 2nd Generation (2G) System (1991-2)


    Systems: Group Special Mobile (GSM) Europe (GSM 1.8 GHz, and 1.9 GHz) U.S. Digital Cellular (USDC) and CDMA (USDC 1.9 GHz) Digital Cordless Systems (DCS) 1.8 GHz
    Technology: TDMA, TDMA hybrid FDMA Characteristics: Digital voice and low speed data Frequency band @ 900 MHz, RF channel spacing 200 kHz Modulation: GMSK, DPSK, Fixed frequency assignment Speech rate 13 kbps, Speech coding, TDMA High security and higher capacity, Improved speech Quality of service (QoS)

    Second Generation Wireless Networks


    Second generation wireless systems employ digital modulation and advanced call processing capabilities.
    Examples of second generation wireless systems include the :
    Global System for Mobile (GSM), the IS-54 TDMA and the IS-95 CDMA TIA digital standards.

    Global System for Mobile Communications.


    Beroperasi pada band frekuensi 900, 1800 atau 1,900 MHz . Teknologi seluler paling populer hampir di seluruh negara-negara di dunia TDMA-based digital system 8 kali kapasitas AMPS per frequency band Secure Seluruh informasi yang dipertukarkan antara Mobile Station (MS) dan Base Station (BS) dienkripsi

    A5 Algorithm

    A5 Algorithm

    BS/MSC/AU

    History - 3rd Generation (3G) Systems (1995 - )


    Support Multimedia Services:
    Especially Internet Service, 144kb/s (Outdoor and higher velocity ), 384kb/s(from outdoor to indoor), 2Mb/s (indoor); Speech of QoS and other services

    First Transitional System: 2 GHz 2000 - 2nd Transitional Systems: 2.5 GHz 2001 - 1st CDMA Network @ 144 k bps 2002- Handover between GSM and WCDMA

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