B 2.1 Introduction of Steam Turbine
B 2.1 Introduction of Steam Turbine
B 2.1 Introduction of Steam Turbine
How is achieved?
Carnot cycle Sadi Carnot Rankine cycle Improvement to Rankine cycle
Where it is fitted?
Power plant single & COGAS ULCC Steamship
When it is introduced?
Comparison
Steam turbine ER spaces Less Reciproc engine More
Weight
Attendance Utilisation of high vacuum High temperature High pressure Rubbing parts Reciprocating parts
Lighter
Less Better Permit use of high temp Permit use of high press No rubbing parts No (no vibe)
Heavy
More Not as good Not as good Not as good Rubbing parts Yes (vibration)
Overload capacity
Reliability Exhaust steam oil contamination Regulation
Extremely good
Very good Free Excellent
Not as good
Not as reliable Not free Not as good
Economic
Classification
Method of steam expansion
Impulse turbine
Simple / single stage Velocity compounded Pressure compounded Pressure velocity compounded
Classification (cont/)
Direction of steam flow
With relation to shaft
Axial flow Radial flow Tangential flow
Classification (cont/)
According to drive connection
Direct connected
High speed machinery feed pump etc
Geared
Propulsion, generator at medium speed
Electric (indirect)
Turbine drive generator fast action
Electric (indirect)
Advantages:
Excellent maneuverability Elimination of astern turbine Increased economy at reduced power
Disadvantages
If no power, no means for propulsion
Extraction
Bled steam from turbine to drive other machinery
Exhaust
Exhaust steam to drive turbine
Re-heating
Recycle exhaust steam for other useful work
Single failure can affect all Astern arrangement may have to be overhung
CROSS COMPOUND