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Projection of Points

This document discusses various methods of projecting points and lines in engineering drawing. It explains: 1. How to determine the position of a point relative to the horizontal and vertical planes based on the quadrant it lies in. 2. How lines can project as their true length, foreshortened, or as a point depending on their angle to the projection planes. 3. Specific methods for projecting lines parallel or inclined to the planes, including that apparent angles will be greater than actual angles due to rotation. 4. Two methods for finding the true length of a line given its projections and inclinations: making each view parallel to the reference line or rotating the line until it is parallel to a plane.

Uploaded by

Suneel Kumar Meena
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
111 views

Projection of Points

This document discusses various methods of projecting points and lines in engineering drawing. It explains: 1. How to determine the position of a point relative to the horizontal and vertical planes based on the quadrant it lies in. 2. How lines can project as their true length, foreshortened, or as a point depending on their angle to the projection planes. 3. Specific methods for projecting lines parallel or inclined to the planes, including that apparent angles will be greater than actual angles due to rotation. 4. Two methods for finding the true length of a line given its projections and inclinations: making each view parallel to the reference line or rotating the line until it is parallel to a plane.

Uploaded by

Suneel Kumar Meena
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Projection of Points & Lines

Projection of point in first quadrant


V.P av 28.16

x H.P 43.97

ah Point is designated as above of H.P & in front of V.P

Projection of point in second quadrant


ah

av
28.16

43.97

Point is designated as above of H.P & behind the V.P

Projection of point in third quadrant


ah

x 28.16

43.97

av Point is designated as below of H.P & behind the V.P

Remarks
When a point is above of H.P, its front view is always above of xy line, vice versa. When the point is in front of V.P, its top view is always below of xy, vice versa. When the point is in a reference plane, its projection on other reference plane is in xy.

Projection of Lines

Projection of lines
A line may project either in true length , foreshortened or as a point in a view based on its relationship to the projection plane on which the view is projected.

Projection of line parallel to H.P and V.P

a' a' v'


a B

b'
v' y

h b

Projection of line parallel to V.P and inclined to H.P

a'
A

a'

va'

a h

B x b

b'
vb'

va'

y h

vb '

Projection of line parallel to H.P and inclined to V.P

A A0

b'
B x

a'
va' y ha

vb' hb

Projection of line inclined to V.P and parallel to H.P


a' va vb b' b1' vb

ha a

y
hb b1

Line inclined to both the planes

b1

B1 B b' B0 b o b1 a' A a

b1' b'
x a'

B0'

b1 Due to the second rotation of line with respect to V. P. The actual inclination of top view ab1 becomes greater than inclination of line with respect to H. P . The is also known as the apparent angle . Conclusions: As long as the inclination of AB with H.P is constant. Its length in top view viz. ab = ab1 remains constant and its end point lies on single plane.

Line Inclined with the H.P and with V.P


O a' va x ha a b Y b2 b' P

b2

b1

Conclusions:
1. The actual inclination of the final front view ab2 becomes greater than actual inclination of line with H.P . is the apparent inclination with H.P. 2. The actual inclination of the final top view ab2 becomes greater than actual inclination of the line with V.P . is apparent inclination with V.P. 3. Neither the front view nor the top view present the true length of the line.

Methods 1 Finding true length of line with given projections & its inclination to H.P and V.P
O b

b1'
b2

a' va
x ha a

b1 N

Making each view parallel to the reference line and projecting the other view from it.

O ha x ha a a' va

hb

In this method the line is rotated with respect to its projection in any of the plane till the time the actual line comes in H.P or V.P

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