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    Gears: by Aknath Mishra

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    samurai7_77
    This document discusses different types of gears used for power transmission. It describes spur gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, worm gears, bevel gears, hypoid gears, internal gears, rack and pinion gears, and planetary gears. It provides details on their configurations, properties, applications in different industries, and comparisons of key specifications like normal ratio range, pitch line velocity, and efficiency range. Gears are used in gearboxes to change the speed, direction, and torque of mechanical energy for applications like cement production, metalworking, paper manufacturing, and automobiles.

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    Gears: by Aknath Mishra

    Uploaded by

    samurai7_77
    891 views20 pages
    This document discusses different types of gears used for power transmission. It describes spur gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, worm gears, bevel gears, hypoid gears, internal gears, rack and pinion gears, and planetary gears. It provides details on their configurations, properties, applications in different industries, and comparisons of key specifications like normal ratio range, pitch line velocity, and efficiency range. Gears are used in gearboxes to change the speed, direction, and torque of mechanical energy for applications like cement production, metalworking, paper manufacturing, and automobiles.

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    Gearbox

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    This document discusses different types of gears used for power transmission. It describes spur gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, worm gears, bevel gears, hypoid gears, internal gears, rack and pinion gears, and planetary gears. It provides details on their configurations, properties, applications in different industries, and comparisons of key specifications like normal ratio range, pitch line velocity, and efficiency range. Gears are used in gearboxes to change the speed, direction, and torque of mechanical energy for applications like cement production, metalworking, paper manufacturing, and automobiles.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    891 views20 pages

    Gears: by Aknath Mishra

    Uploaded by

    samurai7_77
    This document discusses different types of gears used for power transmission. It describes spur gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, worm gears, bevel gears, hypoid gears, internal gears, rack and pinion gears, and planetary gears. It provides details on their configurations, properties, applications in different industries, and comparisons of key specifications like normal ratio range, pitch line velocity, and efficiency range. Gears are used in gearboxes to change the speed, direction, and torque of mechanical energy for applications like cement production, metalworking, paper manufacturing, and automobiles.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    The key takeaways are about different types of gears and their properties, as well as components and applications of gearboxes.

    The different types of gears discussed are spur gear, helical gear, herringbone gear, worm gear, bevel gear, hypoid gear, internal gear, rack and pinion gear, and planetary gears.

    Some properties of involute gears are that the tooth profile can be generated accurately using a simple cutter, the error in center distance does not disturb conjugate action, the condition for intermating gears is automatically satisfied, and the direction of normal force remains the same as gears rotate.

    Gears

    By Aknath Mishra

    What is Gear?

    Power Transmission
    Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation to a location where it is applied to performing useful work. Types of transmission elements:-

    Transmission by Belts. Transmissions by ropes. Transmission by gears.

    Involute & Its Properties


    Tooth profile 1 drives tooth profile 2 by acting at the instantaneous contact point K.

    N1N2 is the common normal of the two profiles. N1 is the foot of the perpendicular from O1 to N1N2 N2 is the foot of the perpendicular from O2 to N1N2.

    Properties-

    The tooth profile can be generated accurately using a simple straight-sided cutter. The error in the center distance does not disturb the conjugate action. The condition for inter mating series of gears is automatically satisfied. The same cutter can be used to cut addendum modified gears. The direction of normal force at the point of contact remains the same as the gears rotate. The ratio is given by base circle or pulley diameter ratio. the transmission ratio between two involute gears is not sensitive to the center distance modification.

    Gear Terminology.

    Types of Gears
    1. Spur Gear 2. Helical Gear 3. Herringbone Gear 4. Worm Gear 5. Bevel Gear: a) Straight b) Spiral 6. Hypoid Gear 7. Pinion & Internal Gear 8. Rack & Pinion 9. Planetary Gears Arrangement

    1. Spur Gear-Spur gears are the simplest type of gear. They consist of a cylinder or disk with the teeth projecting radially, and although they are not straight-sided in form, the edge of each tooth is straight and aligned parallel to the axis of rotation. These gears can be meshed together correctly only if they are fitted to parallel shafts.
    2. Helical Gear-Helical gears offer a refinement over spur gears. The leading edges of the teeth are not parallel to the axis of rotation, but are set at an angle. Since the gear is curved, this angling causes the tooth shape to be a segment of a helix. Helical gears can be meshed in a parallel or crossed orientations.

    3. Herringbone Gear-It is a special type of gear which is a side to side combination of two helical gears of opposite hands. From the top the helical grooves of this gear looks like letter V. Unlike helical gears they do not produce an additional axial load.

    4. Worm Gear-Worm Gears are right angle drives providing large speed ratios on comparatively short center distances from 1/4 to 11. When properly mounted and lubricated they function as the quietist and smoothest running type of gearing.

    5. Bevel Gear: Bevel gears are gears where the axes of the two shafts intersect and the tooth-bearing faces of the gears themselves are conically shaped. Bevel gears are most often mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. The pitch surface of bevel gears is a cone. a) Straight-Straight bevel gears have conical pitch surface and teeth are straight and tapering towards apex. b) Spiral-Spiral bevel gears have curved teeth at an angle allowing tooth contact to be gradual and smooth. 6. Hypoid Gear-Hypoid Gears Are a Subtype of Bevel Gears. However Bevel gears have a limitation i.e. they can only be used in systems where the input and output shafts are in the same plane. To overcome this problem, a special type of gear called the hypoid gear is used.

    7. Internal Gear-An Internal Gear may be described as the opposite of an external gear in that the teeth point towards rather than away from the center, and addendum and dedendum take reverse positions.

    8. Rack & Pinion-A rack and pinion is a type of linear actuator that comprises a pair of gears which convert rotational motion into linear motion.

    9. Planetary Gears- Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more outer gears, or planet gears, revolving about a central, or sun gear. Typically, the planet gears are mounted on a movable arm or carrier which itself may rotate relative to the sun gear.

    Nomenclature of Gear Tooth

    What is Gear Box.


    A gear box is a mechanical method of transferring energy from one device to another. The Gear box used to change the speed, direction and torque of mechanical energy.

    Different types of Gear Boxes.

    Bevel Gearbox

    Cycloidal Gearbox

    Helical Gearbox

    Offset Gearbox

    Sequential Gearbox

    Planetary Gearbox

    Function of Gearbox.
    A gearbox is precisely bored to control gear and shaft alignment. It is used as a housing/container for gear oil. It is a metal casing for protecting gears and lubricant from water, dust and other contaminants.

    Applications of Gearbox.
    Type of Industry 1 2 3 4 Cement Ferrous metal Non-ferrous metal Paper Commonly used Gear Boxes
    1.Parallel shaft gear box. 2.Bevel Epicyclical gear box. 3.Bevel Helical gear box. 1.Planetary gear box. 2.Pinion gear box. 3.Reduction gear box. 1.Planetary gear box. 2.Reduction gear box. 3.Worm reduction gear box. 1.Sha mounted gear box. 2.Spur gear box. 3.Helical gear box. 1.Planetary gear box. 2.Helical gear box. 1.Continuously variable gear box. 2.Automatic gear box. 3.Manual gear box.

    5
    6

    Sugar
    Automobile

    Comparisons
    Type Spur Helical Double Helical Bevel Worm Crossed Helical Normal Ratio Range 1:1 to 6:1 1:1 to 10:1 1:1 to 15:1 1:1 to 4:1 5:1 to 75:1 1:1 to 6:1 Pitch Line Velocity (m/s) 25 50 150 20 30 30 Efficiency Range 98-99% 98-99% 98-99% 98-99% 20-98% 70-98%

    References
    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear Analytical Mechanics of Gears by Earle Buckingham Standard Handbook of Machine Design, by Shigley, Mischke, and Brown

    Thank you.
    Details & queries - aknath_mishra@rediffmail.com

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