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    Presentation On Biotechnology

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    Anirban Ghosh
    Biotechnology uses biological processes like genetics and recombinant DNA techniques to develop products and applications. It involves applying scientific techniques to modify organisms or develop microorganisms for specific uses like producing insulin or creating pest-resistant crops. Some key techniques include genetic engineering, DNA fingerprinting, cloning, and plant tissue culture. Biotechnology has various applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine that can benefit individuals and society, but it also raises some ethical and environmental concerns.

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    Presentation On Biotechnology

    Uploaded by

    Anirban Ghosh
    400 views38 pages
    Biotechnology uses biological processes like genetics and recombinant DNA techniques to develop products and applications. It involves applying scientific techniques to modify organisms or develop microorganisms for specific uses like producing insulin or creating pest-resistant crops. Some key techniques include genetic engineering, DNA fingerprinting, cloning, and plant tissue culture. Biotechnology has various applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine that can benefit individuals and society, but it also raises some ethical and environmental concerns.

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    Presentation on Biotechnology

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    Presentation on Biotechnology

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    Biotechnology uses biological processes like genetics and recombinant DNA techniques to develop products and applications. It involves applying scientific techniques to modify organisms or develop microorganisms for specific uses like producing insulin or creating pest-resistant crops. Some key techniques include genetic engineering, DNA fingerprinting, cloning, and plant tissue culture. Biotechnology has various applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine that can benefit individuals and society, but it also raises some ethical and environmental concerns.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    400 views38 pages

    Presentation On Biotechnology

    Uploaded by

    Anirban Ghosh
    Biotechnology uses biological processes like genetics and recombinant DNA techniques to develop products and applications. It involves applying scientific techniques to modify organisms or develop microorganisms for specific uses like producing insulin or creating pest-resistant crops. Some key techniques include genetic engineering, DNA fingerprinting, cloning, and plant tissue culture. Biotechnology has various applications in agriculture, industry, and medicine that can benefit individuals and society, but it also raises some ethical and environmental concerns.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 38

    BIOTECHNOLOGY

    Some Ideas? Some examples?

    BIOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE + TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATIONS

    = BIOTECHNOLOGY

    Definition

    Applications of biological systems / processes / organisms to manufacturing (Products) or service industries (Services).

    In its most simple form, biotechnology is the use of living systems (organisms) by people to make products. Biotechnology uses many different sciences, such as biology, chemistry, physics, engineering, computers, and information technology to develop tools and products. Biotechnology changes genes of organisms for specific purposes.

    What is Biotechnology?

    Research and development network

    Biotechnology techniques and processes (Evans, P. R.


    Biotechnology and Biological Preparations in Encyclopaedia of PT vol. 1, 3rd edn.)

    INTRODUCTION
    Biotechnology encompasses any technique that uses living organisms in the production or modification of products. Thus, biotechnology products broadly refer to biopharmaceutical drugs generated through researches in cell biology, genetics and recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant DNA (rDNA) and monoclonal antibody (MAb) are providing exciting opportunities for new pharmaceuticals development as well as new approaches to drug delivery.

    HISTORY.

    Old / Biotechnology Bread making, wine making, fermentation, milk products, Even Idli Making

    Modern Biotechnology

    1980 onwards

    Genetic Engineering
    DNA Fingerprinting

    Plant Tissue Culture


    Cloning, etc.

    GENETIC ENGINEERING

    Changing genetic material of an organism by transferring genes from other organisms Creating organisms with new genes/ characters Genetically modified Organisms (GMOs) or transgenic Organisms. Addition or Modification of characters of organisms

    Recombinant DNA technology

    Joining or combining genes from two or more organisms in the laboratory.

    Genetically Engineered Tobacco Plant with Luceferene Gene

    Fire Fly (Luciferene gene)

    Insulin Production by Bacteria


    Transfer of Insulin Gene

    Insulin producing Bacteria

    DNA FINGERPRINTING
    Technique which helps in the establishment of identity of a person or organism based on uniqueness of DNA sequence. Every persons DNA sequence is different from all others, like finger print or signatures.

    Techniques
    . Collection

    of DNA, cutting into pieces, Separation of pieces by Gel Electrophoresis, Processing of separated DNA bands which appear like Bar Codes.

    DNA Fingerprinting

    DNA fingerprint of a person Application : Detection of criminals, solving parental disputes

    PLANT TISSUE CULTURE


    Technique of growing isolated plant tissues or cells in an artificial medium under aseptic conditions. Plant cells TOTIPOTENT. Each cell can Multiply and develop in to new plants when cultured. Growth medium: Nutrients, vitamins, hormones, agar

    Medium

    New Plantlets

    USES OF PLANT TISSUE CULTURE


    Micropropagation large number of plants in small space Disease free plant production Somatic hybridisation/cybrid production- Pomato Transgenic plant production Nif gene transfer Pollen culture haploid plants Parthenocarpy Protection of pure charecters. Shortening of Flowering Period Rose?

    Cloning
    Identicle/ exactly similar cells / organisms Plants produced by cuttings/ vegetative propagation are genetically similar in vivo clones (Hibiscus, Rose, etc.) Tissue culture Plants in vitro Clones Animals from cell of a single parent in vitro method Dolly sheep first animal clone produced by Ian Wilmut. Cloning is possible in frogs, rats, monkeys Xerox copies of parent animal (usually superior quality mother)

    How Dolly was produced?

    Applications of Biotechnology
    Agricultural Applications new variety of crop plants, animal breeds Ex: Bt cotton, Golden Rice, Fast growing sheeps, Pigs

    Applications of Biotechnology
    Biocatalysts (Enzymes- Stain removers in detergents) Biopolymers (Bioplastic PHB from plants, Bacteria)

    Applications of Biotechnology
    Pollution control Bacteria to clean pollution Polluted/Waste water treatment (Bacterial Filters, Membrane Filters) Medical/Health benefits Cheaper and safer hormones (Insulin by bacteria, Growth hormones), vaccines (HbV vaccine), drugs (Blood clotting factor)

    Limitations of Biotechnology
    Genetic engineered food may cause Health Problems (Bt cotton, corn , brinjal etc. have a toxic gene of bacteria) Pest resistant Bt plants also kill useful insects like butter flies, bees along with disease causing pest insects ecological imbalance. Human cloning Socially, Ethically Right?

    How Does Biotechnology Affect Individuals, Society, and the Environment?

    What does it mean? Biotechnology affects our everyday lives!


    It provides medicine, and can detect and treat diseases
    Diabetes, sickle-cell anemia, antibiotics, etc.

    It has and continues to change what we are able to eat


    Baking bread, making cheese, etc.

    SAMPLE: Biotechnology of Corn


    Scientists have successfully been able to change the genes of corn for more desirable traits Biotech (Bt) corn may be insect protected (no need for pesticides), herbicideresistant, or both Another type of corn is able to grow in times of drought (no or low rain seasons) As well, corn has been engineered to contain more healthy ingredients

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