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    Nafta

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    Shabla Mohamed
    NAFTA is an agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a North American trade bloc. It aims to eliminate trade barriers, increase investment opportunities, and establish procedures for implementing the agreement. While trade among the countries has increased, NAFTA has also had some negative effects like job losses and rising inequality.

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    Nafta

    Uploaded by

    Shabla Mohamed
    355 views18 pages
    NAFTA is an agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a North American trade bloc. It aims to eliminate trade barriers, increase investment opportunities, and establish procedures for implementing the agreement. While trade among the countries has increased, NAFTA has also had some negative effects like job losses and rising inequality.

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    NAFTA is an agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a North American trade bloc. It aims to eliminate trade barriers, increase investment opportunities, and establish procedures for implementing the agreement. While trade among the countries has increased, NAFTA has also had some negative effects like job losses and rising inequality.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    355 views18 pages

    Nafta

    Uploaded by

    Shabla Mohamed
    NAFTA is an agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States that created a North American trade bloc. It aims to eliminate trade barriers, increase investment opportunities, and establish procedures for implementing the agreement. While trade among the countries has increased, NAFTA has also had some negative effects like job losses and rising inequality.

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    of 18

    NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (NAFTA)

    1)
    2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

    PRESENTED BY: SAKET RARA JITESH BHILARE MUKESH KOTHARI GAURAV KUMAR PANKAJ DASHMUKHE MITHUN SADAVARTE DEEPAK DODDAMANI

    INTRODUCTION
    NAFTA is an agreement signed by the governments of the United states, Canada and Mexico creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America.
    Members:

    Canada, Mexico & United States Official languages: English, French and Spanish Secretariats: Mexico city, Ottawa, Washington D.C. Establishment: 1 January 1994 GDP of NAFTA alliance: USD 12 trillion NAFTA supplements: NAAEC & NAALC

    BACK GROUND
    In 1988 Canada & the United States signed the CanadaUnited states Free Trade Agreement The American government then entered into negotiations with the Mexican government for a similar treaty

    Canada asked to join the negotiations in order to preserve its perceived gains under the 1988 deal
    The agreement NAFTA was signed by U.S. president - George H. W. Bush, Canadian prime minister - Brian Mulroney and Mexican president - Carlos Salinas in San Antanio, Texas on December 17,1992.

    OBJECTIVES OF NAFTA

    To eliminate trade barriers & facilitate the cross-border movements of goods and services between the parties To promote conditions of fair competition To substantially increase investment opportunities To provide adequate and effective protection & enforcement of intellectual property rights in each territory To create effective procedures for the implementation and application of this agreement ,for its joint administration & for resolution of disputes To establish a framework for further trilateral, regional and multilateral co-operation to expand and enhance benefits of this agreement

    North American Agreement on Environmental Co-operation (NAAEC)


    NAAEC created Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in 1994 Development of common priorities for the protection of certain species

    Developing North American Conservation Action Plans for three shared marine species
    Provide tools such as map of terrestrial eco-regions which management agencies are using in this programs Setting out common mechanism for planning and monitoring bird conservation programs

    North American Agreement on Labor Co-operation (NAALC)


    NAALC

    members work together to protect, enhance and enforce the basic rights of workers. Establishment of institutions & creation of formal process to raise concerns related to labor law enforcement directly with government Undertaken a wide range of co-operative programs and technical exchanges on industrial relations, occupational safety and health, child labor, gender equality, protection of migrant workers

    Trade and Investment Effects NAFTA is a broad agreement, but improved market access, including tariff reductions on merchandise trade, was the major U.S. goal. After ten years, most tariffs have gone to zero, except for some very sensitive (mostly agricultural) goods that have limited protection for up to 15 years. Clearly, U.S.-Mexico trade and investment have grown sharply over the past decade.

    From 1994 to 2003, U.S. exports to Mexico rose 91%, compared to 41% to the world. U.S. imports increased by 179%, compared to 89% from the world.

    EFFECTS OF NAFTA

    BENEFITS Benefits the importers by reduced or duty free goods.

    Can make the exporter more competitive then other non-participating countries
    There has been great increase in trade among the three countries and market access within each country also increased considerably. Mexicos poverty rate decreased and real income increased, even after economic crisis 1994-1995 had been beneficial to business owners and elites in all three countries

    NAFTA

    ADVERSE EFFECTS

    INCREASE IN PRODUCTIVITY AND GROWTH IS NOT VERY HIGH NAFTA RESULTED IN A NET LOSS OF 394,834 JOBS IN FIRST THREE YEARS ITSELF

    MANY CANADIAN AND MEXICAN PEOPLE MIGRATED TO USA UNDER TEMPORARY STATUS (TS) & TREATYS NATIONAL DEPENDENT STATUS (TDS)
    YET THERE IS NO NET INCREASE IN EMPLOYMENT LEVEL

    LIMITATIONS

    It has negative impacts on farmers in Mexico who saw food prices fall based on cheap imports from U.S. agribusiness It has negative impacts on U.S. workers in manufacturing and assembly industries who lost jobs. Critics also argue that NAFTA has contributed to the rising levels of inequality in both the U.S. and Mexico. Some economists believe that NAFTA has not been enough (or worked fast enough) to produce an economic convergence, nor to substantially reduce poverty rates

    PUBLIC OPINION

    Public opinion toward NAFTA in the United States, Canada, and Mexico is mixed. A survey conducted by CIDE and COMEXI in Mexico showed that 64 percent of the Mexican public favored NAFTA. The Program on International Policy Attitudes reported in a poll that 47 percent of Americans thought that NAFTA has been good for the United States, while 39 percent thought it had been bad for the country

    CONTRIBUTION TO NAFTA
    MEMBER COUNTRY CONTRIBUTION / SUPPLY Technology, Services, and data processing, medical and space research and capital

    UNITED STATES

    CANADA

    Mineral, forest products, energy and technological expertise


    Labors, Petroleum and agricultural products

    MEXICO

    INDIAS EXPORT TO NAFTA in 2005-2006 Total USD 18,817.71 millions

    INDIAS IMPORT FROM NAFTA in 2005-2006 Total USD 10472.22 millions

    INDIAS TRADE WITH NAFTA

    INDIAS MAJOR EXPORTS ITEMS

    INDIAS MAJOR IMPORT ITEMS

    PRECIOUS STONES DIAMONDS & GOLD JEWELLARY WOVEN APPAREL KNIT APPAREL

    SOPHISTICATED MACHINERY ELECTRICAL MACHINERY MEDICAL & SURGICAL EQUIPMENTS AIRCARFTS, SPACE CRAFTS PLASTIC WOOD PULP METALS

    FISH & SEAFOOD IRON/STEEL PRODUCTS


    ORGANIC CHEMICALS

    INDIAS TRADE WITH USA

    INDIAS MAJOR EXPORT ITEMS

    INDIAS MAJOR IMPORT ITEMS

    READYMADE GARMENTS GEMS,JEWELLARY & PRECIOUS STONES ENGINEERING GOODS IRON & STEEL ARTICLES COFFEE SPICES ORGANIC CHEMICALS

    NEWSPRINT IN ROLLS OR SHEETS COPPER ORES AND CONCENTRATES PEAS DRIED AND SHELLED IRON SCRAP,POTASH, COPPER

    WOOD PULP
    MINERALS INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS

    INDIAS TRADE WITH CANADA

    INDIAS MAJOR EXPORT ITEM

    INDIAS MOJOR IMPORT ITEM

    TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT DRUGS, PHARMACEUTICAL READYMADE GARMENTS

    ARTICLES OF IRON OR STEEL IRON & STEEL PLASTIC & ARTICLES THEREOF NUCLEAR REACTOR

    INORGANIC/ORGANIC CHEMICALS
    MACHINERY & INSTRUMENTS ELECTRONIC GOODS DYES & INTERMEDIARIES

    MEDICAL OR SURGICAL EQUIPMENTS


    ORES,SLAG AND ASH

    ORGANIC CHEMICALS

    INDIAS TRADE WITH MEXICO

    FUTURE OF NAFTA

    Clearly not about cheap labor It is about integration of the North American marketplace It is about moving up the value-added chain It is about maintaining and increasing competitiveness and productivity Mexico, like the U.S., fears losing its manufacturing sector to other countries why? Over the last 5 years: Chinas exports to the U.S. grew 300% Mexicos exports to the U.S. grew 30%

    CONCLUSION

    NAFTA has played an important role in the overall development of the three nations - the progressive elimination of tariffs & trade barriers, - Dispute resolution - Commitment to intellectual property & environment legislation - Mutual entry into governmental bidding & the financial and other service sector But on the other hand it is also responsible for causalities like loss of jobs, migration, rising level of inequality and many others.

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