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    Hamlet

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    Rangothri Sreenivasa Subramanyam
    The Globe Theatre opened in 1599 as the regular venue for Shakespeare's company. It had a polygonal shape with around 20 sides and held up to 2300 spectators. Performances featured all-male casts with boys playing the women's roles. Early editions of Hamlet included a 1603 First Quarto, which some believe was reconstructed from memory, a more complete 1604 Second Quarto, and the 1623 First Folio, which contained many plays for the first time. Sources for Hamlet included an earlier lost play, Kyd's Spanish Tragedy, Saxo Grammaticus' 12th century work, and Belleforest's French translation from the 1570s.

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    Hamlet

    Uploaded by

    Rangothri Sreenivasa Subramanyam
    41 views23 pages
    The Globe Theatre opened in 1599 as the regular venue for Shakespeare's company. It had a polygonal shape with around 20 sides and held up to 2300 spectators. Performances featured all-male casts with boys playing the women's roles. Early editions of Hamlet included a 1603 First Quarto, which some believe was reconstructed from memory, a more complete 1604 Second Quarto, and the 1623 First Folio, which contained many plays for the first time. Sources for Hamlet included an earlier lost play, Kyd's Spanish Tragedy, Saxo Grammaticus' 12th century work, and Belleforest's French translation from the 1570s.

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    Elizabethan Literature

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    The Globe Theatre opened in 1599 as the regular venue for Shakespeare's company. It had a polygonal shape with around 20 sides and held up to 2300 spectators. Performances featured all-male casts with boys playing the women's roles. Early editions of Hamlet included a 1603 First Quarto, which some believe was reconstructed from memory, a more complete 1604 Second Quarto, and the 1623 First Folio, which contained many plays for the first time. Sources for Hamlet included an earlier lost play, Kyd's Spanish Tragedy, Saxo Grammaticus' 12th century work, and Belleforest's French translation from the 1570s.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    41 views23 pages

    Hamlet

    Uploaded by

    Rangothri Sreenivasa Subramanyam
    The Globe Theatre opened in 1599 as the regular venue for Shakespeare's company. It had a polygonal shape with around 20 sides and held up to 2300 spectators. Performances featured all-male casts with boys playing the women's roles. Early editions of Hamlet included a 1603 First Quarto, which some believe was reconstructed from memory, a more complete 1604 Second Quarto, and the 1623 First Folio, which contained many plays for the first time. Sources for Hamlet included an earlier lost play, Kyd's Spanish Tragedy, Saxo Grammaticus' 12th century work, and Belleforest's French translation from the 1570s.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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    Background on Hamlet

    The Globe Theatre


    Size and Shape Opened in 1599; Shakespeare's company regularly performed there. Polygonal shape with as many as 20 sides.

    The Globe Theatre


    The "hell" at the bottom was a space for devils and others to emerge. Roof or covering was called "the heavens."

    The Globe Theatre


    Yard of the Globe was 80' in diameter; held 800 spectators. "Groundlings" in front of the stage were rowdy.

    The Globe Theatre


    Platform for the thrust stage was 40' wide. The theatre probably held 1500 people in the galleries, making 2300 in all.

    Performances
    The players were all men; the women's parts were played by boys. --Shakespeare in Love Specific parts were written for specific actors.

    Book Sizes

    1. Folio: Sheet folded in half to make 4 sides 2. Quarto: Sheet folded twice so as to make 4 leaves or 8 pages, (9 1/2" x 12") 3. Octavo: Sheet folded so as to make 8 leaves or 16 pages (6 x 9" ) 4. Duodecimo: Sheet folded so as to make 12 leaves or 24 pages (about 5 x 7")

    Early Editions of Hamlet


    First Quarto (1603)

    For Hamlet, the First Quarto presents a "bad" or memorially reconstructed text. Some scholars believe that these came from minor players remembering and dictating the play, although others have discredited this theory. In Hamlet, they believe that the actor playing Marcellus does this.

    Early Editions of Hamlet

    The First Quarto text of Hamlet presents a much more sympathetic vision of Gertrude; she swears to assist Hamlet in his revenge, for example. A scene between Gertrude and Horatio exists in this version and disappears in later ones. Gertrude is told the news that Hamlet tells in his letter to Horatio, thus establishing her as Hamlets ally.

    Early Editions of Hamlet


    Second Quarto (1604). J. D. Wilson showed in 1934 that this quarto was prepared from Shakespeares original manuscript or possibly from a corrected edition of the First Quarto. The Second Quarto has about 200 lines not in the Folio.

    Early Editions of Hamlet


    First Folio (1623) Contains 18 plays previously printed in quarto editions and 18 others that would not otherwise have survived.

    Early Editions of Hamlet


    The Folio edition has stage directions. The Folio edition includes about 90 lines not in the Second quarto.

    To be or not to be in the Folio


    To be, or not to be, that is the question: Whether tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing, end them. To die, to sleep No more, and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks

    To be or not to be in the Quarto


    To be or not to be, ay theres the point; To die, to sleep, is that all? Ay, all. No, to sleep, to dream; ay marry, there it goes. For in that dream of death, when we awake And borne before an everlasting judge, From whence no passenger ever returned, The undiscovered country, at whose sight The happy smile, and the accursed damned

    Sources
    Thomas Kyd's Hamlet in the 1580s (now lost); this is referred to as the UrHamlet. Thomas Kyd's Spanish Tragedy (1587) (Revenge tragedy)

    Sources

    Saxo Grammaticus's Historica Danica written in second half of twelfth century

    Sources

    Shakespeare also may have used volume 5 (1570) of Histoires tragiques, a free translation of Saxo by Franois de Belleforest. The Hystorie of Hamblet, an English version of Belleforest's work, was published in London in 1608, after Shakespeares Hamlet had been performed.

    Sources

    Hamlet is from Amleth in Belleforest; it's a word that means fool or one who feigns madness in Danish.

    Sources

    In the original, Amleth feigns madness to keep away from his murderous uncle.

    Sources

    The ghost in the original play by Belleforest said "Hamlet! Revenge!" frequently, which must have been a joke by the time of the Hamlet.

    Sources

    From Harold Bloom, Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human Bloom believes that Shakespeare himself wrote the ur-Hamlet play from 1589 and that he made several changes in this version.

    Sources

    The Ghost (which Shakespeare probably played) is less prominent in the version of Hamlet that we know.

    Hamlet Sites

    The Enfolded Hamlet Hamlet on the Ramparts Shakespeare Quartos Online The Authorship Debate

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