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    DD Fever

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    Anisa Wahyuniarti
    The document discusses different causes and diagnoses of fever. The main causes are infections from bacteria, viruses, tuberculosis, parasites or rickettsia. A diagnosis of infection is supported by factors like a temperature over 40°C, chills, leukocytosis or response to antibiotics. A non-infectious cause is supported by persistent low-grade fever, rash, joint pain or not responding to antibiotics but responding to steroids. Specific conditions discussed included relapsing fever characterized by periodic fever, and enteric fever/typhoid fever which has an incubation period of 7-14 days and symptoms depending on age like fever, abdominal pain or diarrhea.

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    DD Fever

    Uploaded by

    Anisa Wahyuniarti
    141 views9 pages
    The document discusses different causes and diagnoses of fever. The main causes are infections from bacteria, viruses, tuberculosis, parasites or rickettsia. A diagnosis of infection is supported by factors like a temperature over 40°C, chills, leukocytosis or response to antibiotics. A non-infectious cause is supported by persistent low-grade fever, rash, joint pain or not responding to antibiotics but responding to steroids. Specific conditions discussed included relapsing fever characterized by periodic fever, and enteric fever/typhoid fever which has an incubation period of 7-14 days and symptoms depending on age like fever, abdominal pain or diarrhea.

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    DD fever

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    The document discusses different causes and diagnoses of fever. The main causes are infections from bacteria, viruses, tuberculosis, parasites or rickettsia. A diagnosis of infection is supported by factors like a temperature over 40°C, chills, leukocytosis or response to antibiotics. A non-infectious cause is supported by persistent low-grade fever, rash, joint pain or not responding to antibiotics but responding to steroids. Specific conditions discussed included relapsing fever characterized by periodic fever, and enteric fever/typhoid fever which has an incubation period of 7-14 days and symptoms depending on age like fever, abdominal pain or diarrhea.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    141 views9 pages

    DD Fever

    Uploaded by

    Anisa Wahyuniarti
    The document discusses different causes and diagnoses of fever. The main causes are infections from bacteria, viruses, tuberculosis, parasites or rickettsia. A diagnosis of infection is supported by factors like a temperature over 40°C, chills, leukocytosis or response to antibiotics. A non-infectious cause is supported by persistent low-grade fever, rash, joint pain or not responding to antibiotics but responding to steroids. Specific conditions discussed included relapsing fever characterized by periodic fever, and enteric fever/typhoid fever which has an incubation period of 7-14 days and symptoms depending on age like fever, abdominal pain or diarrhea.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    DD fever

    By Gatut Wicaksono (04020013)

    Main causes of fever


    Infections (Bacterial, virus, TB, parasitic, rickettsia) are by far the most common cause of fever in children. Infection remains the likely diagnosis in a febrile child until proven otherwise. Noninfectious (collagen/vascular, malignancy, drugs, allergy, recent immunization, periodic fevers).

    Diagnosis that fever is caused by an infection is supported by the following:


    Underlying conditions predisposing to infections (e.g., Immunocompromised status, splenectomy, sickle cell anemia, neonates and young infants, intravascular catheters) Fever of 40C or greater, presence of chills, diurnal fluctuation of fever A focus for infection (e.g., tonsillitis, pneumonia). In case of fever without a focus, the diagnosis can usually be rapidly established by laboratory means (e.g., UTI, malaria) Short duration of fever occuring, for example, in viral infections Rapid response to antibiotics in bacterial infections Concomitant herpes labialis Leukocytosis >20,000 in bacterial and leukopenia < 5,000 in viral infections High procalcitonin (PCT) levels. PCT is low in viral infections and inflammatory diseases, for example, connective diseases and neoplasma

    Diagnosis that fever is not caused by an infection is supported by the following:


    History (e.g., recent vaccination, drug intake) Persistent or insidious fever of low degree (<39.5C) Associated pruritic rash, multiple joint involvement Negative bacterial cultures in blood, stool, urine, and CSF Absence of chills and diurnal rhythm of fever Exclusion of an infection by history, physical examination, and laboratory tests Fever not responding to antibiotics but responding to steroids Absence of leukocytosis and left shift, presence of antinuclear factor (ANF)

    DDX
    Relapsing Fever (Borrelia)

    Perbedaan (Tipe demam)


    characterized by periods of fever lasting 29 days, separated by afebrile periods of 27 days

    Gejala
    sudden onset of high fever, lethargy, headache, photophobia, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, and arthralgia Additional symptoms: abdominal pain, a productive cough, and mild respiratory distress

    Pemeriksaan
    thin or thick blood smears stained with Giemsa or Wright's stain.

    Terapi
    Oral or parenteral tetracycline is the drug of choice

    DDX Enteric fever, or typhoid fever

    Perbedaan (Tipe demam) The incubation period is usually 714 days, but it may range from 330 days

    Gejala Depend on age:


    SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS fever, malaise, anorexia, myalgia, headache, and abdominal pain develop over 23 days Unremitting and high fever within 1 wk, often reaching 40C INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN (<5?YR) Mild fever and malaise,& Diarrhea NEONATES Vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal distention

    Pemeriksaan Culturing the Salmonella strain Polymerase chain reaction Widal test

    Terapi Third -generation cephalosporins Chloramphenicol Ampicillin Amoxicillin Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole

    Daftar Pustaka
    A. Sahib El-Radhi,James Carroll,Nigel Klein.2009.Clinical Manual of Fever in Children. Springer: Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Powell,Keith R.2003.Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 17th edition:Fever.Elsevier Science:USA

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